AP EXAM 2

Which of the following is true of political systems in Mexico and Iran?

While Mexico's use of a federal system allows greater autonomy among the various regions, Iran's unitary system gives greater power to the central government.

Which of the following best describes the data presented in the infographic?

60 percent of Russians approve of the way President Putin is handling energy policy.

Which of the following is an implication of gender inequality in Mexico?

Although gender inequality still exists, gender quotas in the party list system have helped to increase female representation.

Which of the following accurately compares civil liberties in authoritarian and democratic regimes?

Authoritarian regimes limit citizen control of the media, while in democratic regimes media is largely in the hands of private citizens.

Which of the following is a similarity between the political systems of Mexico and Iran?

Both countries have popularly elected presidents.

Which of the following best describes how a government can maintain political legitimacy?

By decreasing political corruption

Which of the following practices is more common in authoritarian political systems than in democratic political systems?

Censorship of citizens' use of the Internet and social media

Which of the following describes civil society in Russia and Iran?

Civil society groups in Russia and Iran are either prohibited or severely limited.

Which of the following explains a potentially negative consequence of executive term limits?

Executive term limits can force effective executives out of office.

Which of the following describes a difference between fascism and populism?Which of the following describes a difference between fascism and populism?

Fascism is an extreme nationalist ideology that favors authoritarian rule and the rights of the ethnic majority over that of ethnic minorities, and populism is the belief in rights of the common people over elites.

Which of the following best explains why governments seek to devolve power?

Governments seek to devolve power to allow regional governments more power over local issues.

Which of the following most accurately compares the national legislatures of Iran and the United Kingdom?

In both countries, the legislatures approve legislation and oversee the budget.

According to the map, which of the following countries has the MOST gender inequality?

Iran

Which of the following is an effect of globalization?

It often limits state sovereignty.

Which of the following best describes how judiciaries remain independent from other branches of government?

Judiciaries overrule executive and legislative actions.

Which of the following best explains an implication of the data in the line graph?

Large negative changes in the GDP growth rate negatively affected the Iranian government because they undermined its legitimacy.

Which is the best explanation for why the Mexican Chamber of Deputies has a higher proportion of women legislators than the United Kingdom Parliament?

Mexico has gender quota legislation requiring parties to place a minimum percentage of women on their party lists, while the United Kingdom does not.

Which of the following best explains the increase in GDP in 2016 ?

Most UN sanctions and sanctions by the United States and Europe were lifted in early 2016.

"The lower a state's socioeconomic development, the more likely it is that the state will experience political instability." This statement is an example of which of the following?

Negative or inverse relationship

Which of the following statements accurately describes the effects of political cleavages in two AP course countries?

Nigerian and Russian governments both grapple with a Christian-Muslim cleavage that has led to acts of political violence in both countries.

Which of the following is true of political participation and parties in China and Mexico?

Parties other than the Chinese Communist Party are allowed to exist in China, while most Mexican voters in the 2018 election identified with the PRI, PAN, MORENA.

Which of the following best describes internal migration in Mexico since 2010 ?

People from the south often move to the north to work in maquiladora zones.

Which of the following is a neoliberal economic policy?

Reducing trade barriers and rolling back state intervention in the economy

Which of the following countries have bicameral legislatures?

Russia and Nigeria

Which of the following statements best describes the judiciary in Russia and Nigeria?

Russia's government uses the judicial system to target opposition, and Islamic Sharia Courts have been established in northern Nigeria.

Which of the following accurately explains an outcome of differing judicial systems among the Comparative Government course countries?

The British judiciary uses common law to enforce rule of law, whereas the Russian judiciary uses the judiciary to target opposition.

Which of the following best explains the role of the judiciary in China?

The Chinese judiciary promotes rule by law instead of rule of law, resulting in a judicial system that is subservient to the Communist Party.

Which of the following best describes a trend in the data?

The GDP growth rate fluctuated between 2007 and 2017.

Which of the following is an implication for competitiveness of the electoral process in Nigeria and Iran?

The Nigerian government has established an independent electoral commission to encourage competitiveness in elections, while the Iranian government continues to impose strict limits on who can run for office.

Which of the following best describes how the president is removed in Nigeria?

The Nigerian president is removed through impeachment proceedings in the legislature.

Which of the following is a difference between the prime minister of Russia and the prime minister of the United Kingdom?

The Russian prime minister may be removed by the president, while the British prime minister may be removed as a result of a vote of no confidence.

Which of the following correctly describes sources of legitimacy in two AP course countries?

The United Kingdom and Nigeria both rely heavily on elections as a source of legitimacy.

Which of the following best describes political culture?

The collective attitudes, values, and beliefs of the citizenry and the norms of behavior in the political system

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of population growth in two AP Comparative Government and Politics countries?

The cost of maintaining the United Kingdom's nationalized health program increases as its older population grows proportionally larger, and China has reduced governmental restrictions on family planning in an effort to address unequal gender ratios.

Facing worsening air pollution and environmental degradation, Chinese citizens have been increasingly organizing in large, informal groups to protest and mobilize for change. This is an example of which of the following?

The development of a social movement

Which of the following best describes a popular energy policy undertaken by the Russian government?

The government renationalized the oil industry to bring it under government control.

Which of the following is an effect of fused executive and legislative branches in parliamentary systems?

The legislature can remove the executive without an impeachment proceeding.

The role of the executive in Nigeria is similar to that of the executive in Mexico in which of the following ways?

The legislature has a constitutional check on the executive.

In China, economic liberalization policies have resulted in which of the following?

The significant migration of the people from one region to another

Which of the following is the reason for Nigeria's electoral rule that presidential candidates must secure at least 25 percent of the vote in two-thirds of all states?

The president must have support among a broad cross section of Nigeria's diverse population.

Which of the following best describes how members of Iran's Guardian Council are selected?

The supreme leader selects six members and the judiciary selects the other six members with Majles approval.

Which of the following is an important limitation of the data in the map?

There is no explanation of how gender inequality is defined or measure, which leads to an incomplete analysis.

Which of the following is true of environmental policies in China?

They are difficult to implement because they often challenge or constrain economic growth.

Which of the following is a consequence of the United Kingdom's single-member district plurality electoral system?

Third parties without specific regional support are often underrepresented in Parliament.

Which of the following has the Nigerian state done to alleviate cleavage-based problems?

Used ethnic quotas in government hiring

The United Kingdom has used a referendum in the past ten years to

decide whether to leave the European Union

Austerity measures are implemented for the primary purpose of

reducing government spending to address budget deficits

Which of the following is most likely to cause a regime change?

revolution

The type of party system in a particular country is most influenced by the

type of electoral systems used for legislative elections