ap exam 2 MODULE 6

the right lung has ______ lobes; the left lung has _______ lobes.

3 -- 2

The following is a list of the steps in the respiration process: internal respiration cellular respiration alveolar ventilation pulmonary ventilation gas transport via bloodstream Place these steps in their proper order.

4, 3, 5, 1, 2

Place in descending order hemoglobin's affinity for these gasses (highest affinity first): 1.nitrogen 2.oxygen 3.carbon monoxide 4.carbon dioxide

Correct answer: 3, 2, 4, 1

In quite breathing which involves __________ volume, inspiration is ______________ and expiration is ______________.

NOT tidal -- passive -- active

Which of the following would not be expected to change hemoglobin saturation?

NOT PH

In pulmonary gas exchange, _____________ is ___________ in ___________ than _____________.

PO2; higher; inspired air; blood

The reason for pulmonary ventilation (bulk flow) through the Conducting Zone is alveolar ventilation (diffusion) through the Respiratory Zone. ​

TRUE

____________ cells secrete ____________, which _______________.

Type II alveolar: surfactant; reduces surface tension

the diffusion of gases between the alveoli and the circulating blood is termed _____________.

alveolar ventilation

Respiration is suspended during ______________.

apnea

Which of the following is not a function of the paranasal sinuses?

assists audition

After entering the bloodstream, carbon dioxide may do all the following, except _______________.

bind to oxygen

The "speedo shaped" cartilaginous structure between the trachea and primary bronchi is known as the _______________,

carina

Pulmonary ventilation is to the ___________, as alveolar ventilation is to the ____________.

conducting zone; respiratory zone

The surface of the nasal cavity functions to do all the following, except ____________ the air.

cool

Which structure completely surrounds the larynx?

cricoid cartilage

As tissue oxygen levels __________, the hemoglobin saturation level ____________

decrease -- decreases

Pontine pneumotaxic center

effort & rate coordination

A smoker can expect to have the alveolar wall break down decreasing respiratory surface area known as ______________.

emphysema

The volume of air exhaled at the end of tidal volume plus all the air that can possibly be exhaled is the __________________.

expiratory reserve volume

Functional residual capacity

expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

As a rule of thumb the ____________ thoracic muscles are involved in inspiration.

external

The combination of pulmonary and alveolar ventilation is termed ____________.

external respiration

Medullary ventral respiratory group

forced inspiration and expiration

Pontine apneustic center

gasping reflex

The tracheal submucosa contains all the following, except _____________.

goblet cells

Tissues starved of oxygen is termed __________.

hypoxia

As tissue oxygen levels _____________, the hemoglobin saturation level ____________.

increase -- increases decrease--decrease

Which of the nasal conchae are separate individual bones?

inferior

Medullary dorsal respiratory group

inspiratory action of diaphragm and intercostal muscles

The vocal cords are located in the _____________.

larynx

What surrounds and protects the glottis?

larynx

The lower respiratory tract begins at the __________ and ends at the __________.

larynx; lungs

All the following are layers of the trachea, except the ____________.

lumen

All the following are bones with paranasal sinuses, except ____________.

nasal

The most normal beginning of pulmonary ventilation is the ________________.

nose

The upper respiratory tract begins at the __________ and ends at the ____________.

nose; pharynx

The soft palate separates the nasopharynx from the ___________.

oropharynx

The area shared by the digestive and the respiratory system is the __________.

pharynx

An inflammation of the membrane surrounding the lungs is known as _____________.

pleurisy

Select the appropriate muscles of expiration.

quadratus lumborum abdominals diaphragm internal intercostals

Alveolar ventilation begins here:

respiratory bronchioles

All the following are terms for emesis, except ______________

scarfing

For quick diffusion purposes, both the alveolar and adjacent capillaries are composed of ______________.

simple squamous epithelium

Dust and other foreign particles are trapped by cilia and mucus produced by the respiratory _______________.

sinuses

Pulmonary ventilation ends here:

terminal bronchioles

Of the 9 cartilages of the larynx the ____________ cartilage is the largest.

thyroid

The " Adam's apple" is a prominent ridge on the anterior of the ____________.

thyroid cartilage

Vital capacity

title volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume

Total lung capacity

title volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

Inspiratory capacity

title volume + residual volume

What branches within the mediastinum, giving rise to the right and left primary bronchi?

trachea

Another name for the conchae are _____________.

turbinates

Which of the alveolar cells are responsible for the production of surfactant?

type II cells

The two structural areas of the respiratory tract are the _________ and the ___________.

upper respiratory tract; lower respiratory tract