AP PSYCH FINAL!!!

dopamine (positive event)

What neurotransmitter/pathway has been going crazy in anticipation of the cupcake reward?

sweet

What primary taste sensation is your cupcake likely to stimulate?

drive/homeostasis/drive reduction theory

"OMG! I am so hungry. I can't believe I have to WAIT to eat this cupcake!" Your hunger is a __________ that leads to the desire to eat the cupcake. After you eat the cupcake your, body will return to __________. Which theory of motivation is this an example of?

positive reinforcer /increases

Although you would rather talk to your friends, you complete the review worksheet because you want to eat the cupcake. The cupcake is a _______ than _________ your behavior of studying

mirror neurons

Assume for a moment that you are watching someone else eat his/her cupcake. What neurons would be firing as your empathic self is "in tune" with their experience?

id/superego/ego

Consider Freudian theory. Which part of you just wants to eat the cake NOW? Which part resists eating it now? Which part tells you to put a little frosting on your finger and suck it off?

UCS - tasty snacks/UCR - drooling/CS- Psychology class

Consider repeated pairings that have occurred. Tasty snacks cause your mouth to water. Now you have climbed the stairs to the 2nd floor, and on several occasions have had tasty snacks. Because of your associative learning, your schema for psychology has expanded. You retrieve, from LTM, images of rat mazes and candy, chocolate from review presentations, sugar cubes from taste experiences, etc. Assuming conditioning has occurred, what is the UCS? UCR? CS?

Difference threshold (JND)

Dakota yells "It's not fair! Chris's cupcake has more frosting. You can feel the difference." You hold one cupcake in each hand. You are correct about which one is heavier 50% of the time. This is called _______?

Alfred Adler/self - fulfilling prophecy

Failure on this assignment could lead you to have an inferiority complex. Which psychologist believed that the desire to conquer feelings of inferiority shapes personality? You aren't worried about failing because you believe that you will be successful, and therefore you act in a way that will lead you to be successful. This is called a?

no, correlation does not mean causation/ smarter students, better teacher

If all of you do very well on the AP exam AND you all had a tasty cupcake, and other students in other schools don't do well and didn't receive cupcakes, can I proclaim "cupcakes increase student AP exam scores?" Why or why not? What are two alternative explanations/other variables that may be involved?

object permanence

If someone drops a cloth over your cupcake (not damaging it or even messing up the frosting) and you still realize that you have a cupcake - that it is only hidden, then you have mastered the cognitive task of ________

IV- chocolate cupcake/DV- increased memory retrieval performance/Experimental Group- People with Chocolate cupcakes /Control Group - People with non-chocolate cupcakes/if chocolate is given memory retrieval will improve/ important to know so you can look for the change

If the cupcakes are part of an experiment to determine whether chocolate improves memory retrieval, what would be the IV and DV? The experimental and control groups? What would be an operational definition of chocolate? Why is it important to create operational definitions for variables?

social facilitation/ social inhibition

If you are able to eat the cupcake in class, with other people around, with significantly less mess than usual, what might be the reason? If you have significantly more difficulty eating your cupcake in the presence of others than when your'e alone, what is that called?

Broca's area

If you are completely overcome by the amazing taste of the cupcake and cannot find the words to describe it, mumbling the same words over and over, what specific part of your brain is failing you?

Thorndike- puzzle boxes and Law of Effect/Kohler- Insight Learning with Chimps

If you are in a cage and the cupcake is outside the cage, whose research are you demonstrating if you have to activate a series of different latches and levers to open the cage door to reach your cupcake? What about if you have to assemble a stick out of shorter sticks to reach the cupcake and pull it closer?

the cupcake/affiliate eating and puking/ John Garcia

If you became ill immediately after eating your cupcake and you were watching a Phillip Zimbardo clip, would you associate your illness with Dr. Zimbardo's voice? The classroom? Or the cupcake? Why? Whose research is this related to?

self-efficacy

If you believe that you could have made a better cupcake than the one that has been provided to you, then you have a feeling of ______ about baking, based on previous experiences (not "confidence").

availability heuristic

If you eat your cupcake and it is fantastic and later when asked about your favorite kind of cupcake, you immediately think of the flavor that you had, what mental shortcut will you have just used?

Reached body's set point, high metabolism, exercise, etc.

If you eat your cupcake, but don't gain any weight after ingesting all those calories, what might that indicate? Identify 2 different factors involved.

top-down processing/ bottom up processing

If you expect the cupcake to taste a certain way, because you have had a similar cupcake in the past and you remember the taste very clearly, this would an example of ______. If you are experiencing the taste for the very first time and have no expectations, your perception of it would be _______ instead.

Narcolepsy/manifest/latent

If you fall asleep suddenly during the assignment and never even get to eat your cupcake(the rest of the class split it while you were dozing), it could be because you have______. While asleep you dream about cupcakes. The cupcake is the _______ content of your dream. What the cupcake represents is the _________ content.

internal locus control/external locus control

If you feel that the cupcake was earned and that you were in control of whether or not you received one, you have an ______. If you feel that it was just fate or luck that you got a cupcake, it is because you have an _______.

contact comfort/ harry harlow

If you have a choice between a warm, soft blanket and pillow to curl up with on a couch, or a cupcake and you choose the blanket/pillow/couch, you are opting for ______ which is an example of the research done by whom?

observational learning

If you watch someone else eat their cupcake in an unusual manner and decide to do the same yourself, and are successfully able to recreate their eating style after watching them, you have used what method of learning?

learning why people do what they do/ projective

My favorite thing about psychology is________. This sentence completion task is an example of what kind of personality assessment?

superordinate goal

Normally you and your classmates have tremendous difficulty getting along. However, because none of you can eat your cupcakes until you all get the correct answers, you have a ________ that helps you override your differenceS

behavior/mental

Psychology is the study of __________ and ___________ processes.

delayed gratification

Sitting here with a cupcake on your desk that you aren't supposed to eat may remind you about an aspect of development that typically develops in adolescence. What is it?

gate control theory

The cupcake eater bites his tongue. What is the name of one useful model of pain?

opponent process theory and trichromatic theory/ appear green and blue

What are the two theories of color vision called? If Ms. Bosak wasn't lazy last night and had used red and yellow frosting on the cupcakes, if you had stared at the cupcake for a while then shift your gaze to a white cupcake, which colors would you have seen?

The cupcake would not taste the same, weaker, less intense flavor. Smell and taste are interdependent and smell would be blocked by the cold; sensory interaction

What if the cupcake eater had a cold? Would the cupcake taste different? Explain why or why not?

Simple or specific phobia/Systematic Desensitization/ anxiety hierarchy

What if you had a longstanding fear of cupcakes... only cupcakes .... which interferes with your social and/or occupational functioning (I know - just imagine). What disorder do you likely have? How would you go about treatment? What is the first step in this type of treatment?

thalamus/No- Smell goes directly to the primary smell cortex in the temporal lobe (all other senses route through the thalamus)

What is the relay center in your brain called? Does the scent of the cupcake go through this system? Explain briefly.

frontal lobe

What lobe of your brain is working hard to inhibit your motor cortex from grabbing the cupcake and taking a bite?

hypothalamus/ pituitary

What part of your brain (limbic system) is related to hunger/satiety? What gland is directly controlled by this part of your brain

paranoid schizophrenic

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: "Maybe the cupcake is poisoned. You know Mr. Bender's always had it in for you" says the voice inside your head.

obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: Peel the cupcake. Sweep crumbs off desk. Take tiny bites in an exact circle around the cupcake edge. Sweep crumbs off desk. Tiny bites again another concentric circle. Sweep. Repeat 9X more

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: You do a little work. You read some quotes on the wall. You tap your pencil and bounce your knee and think about going out this weekend. You do a bit more work. You get up to go to the bathroom. You come back in the classroom and see your cupcake. Man, that looks good. You eat it right away. Oops. That always happens: that acting BEFORE thinking thing.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: You look at your cupcake and feel like you have somehow been cheated and you just can't believe it. How could anyone not give you the very best cupcake? How could someone else possibly deserve a cupcake better than the one you have? You reach out and take the cupcake from the students next to you and stack it on top of yours, creating a magnificent double-cupcake. Now that's better. That's more like it. That's the way things should be

Dissociative Identity Disorder

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: You suddenly find a cupcake and a paper on your desk. You don't remember anyone putting it there and you have no idea why you are sitting in this unfamiliar room.

Bipolar (manic episode)

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: You've been studying for AP exams for the past 7 days. You need little sleep, are incredibly productive, but just bought 5 new study books and the Barons 1000 vocabulary word flash cards. People tell you that you are talking too fast.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: Your heart rate jumps and you feel like you are re-experiencing the tragedy of your 2nd grade birthday celebration in school when the whole class surprised you and you wet your pants. Ahhh! The flashbacks!

bulimia nervosa

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: You eat 15 cupcakes in a 2-hour period and feel sad, frustrated, and feel the need to rid yourself of these calories.

Major Depression Disorder

What psychological disorder are you showing symptoms of if you: You've been sleeping a lot lately. Not wanting to eat much. Feeling hopeless about the future. This is probably the last cupcake anyone is ever going to make for you. You don't have any idea how you actually got into college, they must not really have read your application clearly

Sleeping/Physical Exercise

What two activities improve your cognitive ability, alertness, help you manage stress, and improve your mood? (G-rated answers please). Do them both for the next week—more than usual.

Cones/fovea/Optic/Visual/Occipital

What, in the process of vision, is responsible for seeing the colors on your cupcake? Where are these cells primarily located in the retina? This visual information then travels through the _____ nerve to the _____ cortex/ _____ lobe.

robert sternberg

Which intelligence theorist believes that creativity with which the cupcakes were decorated represents a distinct type of intelligence

k/uh/p/k/ay/k; cup/cake

Write each of the phonemes in the word "cupcake."

displacement

You are mad at Ms. Bosak because she won't tell you the answer to the previous question. Because you can't punch her in the face, you punch your cupcake instead. Which defense mechanism is this an example of?

Schacter-Singer Two-Factor theory

You are nearing the end of the assignment and you can feel your heart beating rapidly. You decide that this must be because you are excited about the prospect of finally getting to eat your cupcake. What theory explains why you feel this way?

mnemonics, chunking, semantic encoding

You are stunned and how you have been very successful on this exercise. Name three different methods you used in the encoding process to facilitate retrieval:

rational emotive therapy/ Albert Ellis

You are thinking, "This is the most beautiful best, most delicious looking cupcake in the entire world. If I can't eat this right now, my head is going to explode!!!" What type of therapist might ask you to consider the likelihood of that outcome? Who created this type of therapy?

sympathetic/parasympathetic (digestion)

You snatch the cupcake of the girl sitting next to you, stuff it in your mouth, and RUN as she starts chasing you. Your __________ nervous system of your autonomic nervous is kicked into high gear as you are in "flight." What is not happening to the cupcake now? (what is "turned off" when you are fleeing?)

valid

You wonder, does this stuff all really relate to what we've learned? Is it a ______ measure of our cumulative knowledge? Will it predict our success on the AP exam?

Humanistic/ active listening/ Carl Rogers

Your therapist says, "I hear you saying you are annoyed that you have to do this assignment before you can eat your cupcake? That sounds like it's frustrating for you." What specific technique is your therapist using? What is the name of the kind of therapy you are receiving? Who is the man that came up with this kind of therapy? What psychological approach would apply to this type of therapy?

accomodation

a one-year-old randomly shows up in the classroom and doesn't realize that the cupcake is made of the same delicious stuff as his first birthday cake. What he realizes is, he modifies his schema of "cake" to include tasty mini cakes called "cupcakes" this is called?

withdrawal symptoms

if your cupcake had addictive properties, what would happen after you ate several and then didn't have anymore?

episodic memories/ hippocampus

looking at the cupcake reminds you of all the other occasions on which you had cupcakes, Which type of memory is used for these personally experienced events? Which part of the brain is needed to store those memories?

habituation

once the cupcake has been sitting on your desk a few minutes, you no longer really notice it. What is this called?

conventional (law and order orientation)

what level of moral development have you attained if you reason that you have to obey the guidelines for the assignment

impede and reuptake of norepi., dopamine, and serotonin by blocking the receptor sites

what would cocaine in the cupcake be doing in the synapses in your brain?