AP PSYCH FINAL-THIELKE
The Milgram obedience experiments were controversial because the:
"teachers" were deceived and frequently subjected to stress.
People are said to have an intellectual disability if they have difficulty adapting to the demands of independent living and have IQ scores below:
70
Hal scored an 89 on an intelligence test when he was 16. Now he is 56. Which score below should be his current score?
89
Which of the following is a longitudinal study?
A group of kindergartners is given an intelligence test. They are retested every other year for 30 years.
Andrew is so afraid of spiders that he is having a hard time leaving his "spider-proofed" home and going to work. Andrew's psychiatrist has diagnosed him with:
A phobia
Carol believes that Paul is mad at her, so she chooses to ignore him, which causes him to be mad at her. This is an example of:
A self fulfilling prophecy
A teacher offers her class the option of 3 or 10 points of extra credit. She explains that if most of the class ask for only 3 points, then they will all get the extra credit, but if most of the class asks for 10 points, then no one will earn any extra credit. Most of the students, hoping to gain more themselves and not thinking of the collective well-being of the class, ask for 10 points, and the whole class gets nothing. The class is demonstrating:
A social trap
Which of the following is an example of an assessment likely to be used by a social- cognitive psychologist? A. A student teacher is formally observed and evaluated in the classroom. B. A person applying for a managerial position takes the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. C. A defendant in a criminal case is interviewed by a court-appointed psychologist. D. In a pre-marriage counseling session, a young couple responds to ambiguous inkblots. E. A depressed young man is asked by his therapist to relax on a couch and talk about whatever comes to mind.
A student teacher is formally observed and evaluated in the classroom.
10. Which is true of social relations during the teen years? A. As teens distance themselves from parents, peer relationships become more important. B. High school girls who have the poorest relationships with their mothers have the most intense friendships with peers. C. Parental influence peaks during mid to late adolescence. D. Most adolescents have serious disagreements with parents, leading to great social stress. E. Teens are generally more concerned with family relationships than peer relationships.
A. As teens distance themselves from parents, peer relationships become more important.
23. According to research, which of the following is more common among males than females? A. Physical aggression B. Smiling C. Relational aggression D. Averting one's eyes E. Apologizing
A. Physical aggression
1. Compared with rats raised in an enriched environment, which of the following is true of rats raised in isolation? A. Their brain cortex is less developed. B. Though neurologically similar, they fear other rats. C. Their brains have more connections. D. They have a thicker brain cortex. E. The differences between the two groups are not statistically significant.
A. Their brain cortex is less developed.
20. Brain scans of older adults show that the __________ a neural processing center for emotions, responds less actively to negative events (but not to positive events), and it interacts less with the hippocampus, a brain memory-processing center. A. amygdala B. hypothalamus C. pineal gland D. thyroid gland E. thalamus
A. amygdala
28. Peyton is 11 years old and knows 10-7=3 and 3+7=10 but finds it difficult to solve a math problem, such as 3x-5, because she cannot understand why there is a letter in the problem. Piaget would most likely place her in the A. concrete operational stage B. formal operational stage C. preoperational stage D. sensorimotor stage E. preconventional stage
A. concrete operational stage
8. Maturation explains why: A. we stand before we walk B. we like familiar people. C. we learn the language accents of our peers. D. infants become attracted to scents associated with their mother's nursing E. the brain shuts down unused connections.
A. we stand before we walk
Challenging people's automatic negative thoughts is a key characteristic of the therapy developed by:
Aaron Beck
Brain scans of people with schizophrenia show:
Abnormal activity in multiple brain areas
Which of the following is true of the intellectual similarities between adoptive children and their adoptive parents over time?
Adoptive children become much less similar to their adoptive parents over time.
____________________theorized that personality traits interact with situations in a "social-cognitive" approach. A. Gordon Allport B. Carl Jung C. Karen Horney D. Carl Rogers E. Albert Bandura
Albert bandura
Bo intervened when bullies were beating Bob. This is an example of:
Altruism
Convinced that she is fat, Lulu diets excessively and spends at least one hour a day in the gym before school. Lulu has gotten very thin, and her parents are concerned that she may be developing:
Anorexia nervosa
Fundamental attribution error is our tendency to underestimate the extent to which others' behavior is influenced by:
Assigned roles
21. Which of the following identifies the parenting style most likely to harshly punish a teen. Who has been accused of wrongdoing without first hearing from the teen? A. Authoritative B. Authoritarian C. Permissive D. Detached E. Negligent
B. Authoritarian
20. What do we call an optimal window of opportunity for proper development? A. Attachment B. Critical period C. Social period D. Imprinting E. Authoritative parenting style
B. Critical period
26. Diego likes to play sports and video games, whereas Sara likes to sing, dance, and play "house." This example best depicts which of the following? A. Gender identity B. Gender typing C. Gender schema D. Social learning theory E. Gender expression
B. Gender typing
2. In which of the following examples would parents have the highest degree of influence? A. In homes where children are severely neglected or abused B. In determining a child's personality C. When a child is trying to fit in at a new school D. When a young child is learning the language spoken at a new school E. When a young person develops schizophrenia
B. In determining a child's personality
14. Which of the following is a current belief of researchers that differs from Piaget's original theories? A. Infants simply have less information about the world than older children and adults. B. Object permanence develops earlier than Piaget believed. C. Infants learn more by verbal explanations than Piaget believed. D. Accommodation does not occur in young children. E. Schemas do not form until later than Piaget believed.
B. Object permanence develops earlier than Piaget believed.
16. Which of the following has been shown to be an effective intervention to reduce teen pregnancies? A. Abstinence-only sex education in schools B. Participation in service-learning programs C. Increasing guilt related to sexual activity D. Taking a pledge to remain abstinent E. Increased exposure to sexual content in the media
B. Participation in service-learning programs
19. Studies done by Harry and Margaret Harlow found that: A. nutrition was the most important factor in attachment. B. contact comfort was the most important factor in attachment. C. the surrogate mother's appearance was the most important attachment factor. D. monkeys were equally likely to become attached to either surrogate mother. E. the monkeys did not form attachments to the surrogate mothers.
B. contact comfort was the most important factor in attachment.
28. According to research done by Erik Erikson and Joan Erikson, children who are securely attached are also likely to be: A. parented by authoritarian parents. B. developing a sense of basic trust. C. raised in a neglectful environment. D. showing less stranger anxiety. E. able to think in an abstract manner.
B. developing a sense of basic trust.
2. Even as newborns, we prefer sights and sounds that facilitate social responsiveness. This can be seen by a newborn's preference for: A. soft music B. face-like images C. low pitched sounds D. soft colors E. loud music
B. face-like images
27. Carol Gillian's research emphasizes prominent female characteristics, especially: A. spatial abilities. B. making social connections. C. playing in large groups. D. talking a great deal. E. playing in competitive groups.
B. making social connections.
7. As the infant's brain develops, some neural pathways will decay if not used. This use-it- or-lose-it process is known as: A. culling B. pruning C. editing D. amnesia E. maturation
B. pruning
18. An 18-month-old typically recognizes herself in a mirror. This self-awareness contributes to: A. self-assurance. B. self-concept. C. self-esteem. D. self-actualization. E. self-determination.
B. self-concept.
person with schizophrenia who is experiencing "negative" symptoms is likely to:
Be socially withdrawn
In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of cats, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with cats) with a new stimulus (for example, an appealing snack or toy) that causes an emotional response that is incompatible with fear. Which clinical orientation is this therapist using?
Behavioral
To help a child overcome a fear of cats, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with cats) with a new stimulus (for example, an appealing snack or toy) that causes an emotional response that is incompatible with the fear response. Which clinical approach is this therapist using?
Behavioral
After spending several weeks barely able to get out of bed due to depression, Bill finds himself with so much energy that he surprises his wife by painting the entire house in one day. Concerned, his wife brings him to the hospital, where the doctors diagnose him with:
Bipolar disorder
Which of the following is a similarity between humanistic and psychoanalytic therapies?
Both approaches are generally considered insight therapies.
Which of the following is true of boys compared with girls?
Boys are more likely to score extremely low as well as extremely high on tests of mental abilities.
22. Which of the following would be considered an example of Erikson's concept of integrity? A. A 25-year-old meets and marries the love of his life. B. A 35-year-old earns a lot of money, though she doesn't particularly enjoy her job. C. An 85-year-old looks back at a life well-lived and feels satisfied. D. A 40-year-old takes pride in her work and how she is raising her children. E. A 20-year-old decides to become a physician.
C. An 85-year-old looks back at a life well-lived and feels satisfied.
23. What aspect of development did Jean Piaget's theory focus on? A. Social B. Moral C. Cognitive D. Physical E. Ego
C. Cognitive
13. Megan, a third grader, is having trouble with math. She is starting to do poorly in other subjects because she feels she cannot master math. Based on Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which stage is Megan in? A. Autonomy versus shame and doubt B. Initiative versus guilt C. Competence versus inferiority D. Identity versus role confusion E. Intimacy versus isolation
C. Competence versus inferiority
7. What development in adolescents allows for greater impulse control? A. The hormonal surge of early adolescence B. Hindbrain changes associated with the onset of puberty C. Frontal lobe maturation in late adolescence D. Limbic system development in mid-adolescence E. A decrease in myelin production throughout adolescence
C. Frontal lobe maturation in late adolescence
15. Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic that changes at puberty? A. A growth spurt in height, especially for boys B. Development of breasts for girls C. Full development of external genitalia in both sexes D. Facial hair and deepened voice for boys E. Appearance of pubic and underarm hair in both sexes
C. Full development of external genitalia in both sexes
25. Which of the following statements about the impact of aging is true? A. During old age, many of the brain's neurons die. B. If we live to be 90 or older, most of us will eventually become senile. C. Older people become less susceptible to short-term illnesses. D. Recognition memory-the ability to identify things previously experienced-declines with age. E. Life satisfaction peaks in the 50s and then gradually declines after age 65.
C. Older people become less susceptible to short-term illnesses.
17. Which of the following would indicate that a child understands conservation? A. She would continue to seek a toy hidden under a blanket. B. She would "hide" in a game of hide-and-seek by covering her eyes with her hands. C. She would believe that a clay snake would have the same amount of clay as the clay ball that was used to make it. D. She would recognize that 7 + 3 involves the same mathematical relationship as 10 - 7. E. She would be able to comprehend the logic of if-then statements.
C. She would believe that a clay snake would have the same amount of clay as the clay ball that was used to make it.
25. Which of the following is generally true of males when compared to females? A. They have a longer life span. B. They are more likely to have a democratic leadership style. C. They are more likely to commit suicide. D. They are more likely to be diagnosed with depression. E. They are more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety.
C. They are more likely to commit suicide.
15. Which of the following cognitive abilities is possible only at the formal operational stage? A. Reversing arithmetic operations B. Using a theory of mind to predict the behavior of others C. Using hypothetical situations as the basis of moral reasoning D. Using symbolic thinking for pretend play E. Understanding basic physics to recognize impossible situations
C. Using hypothetical situations as the basis of moral reasoning
12. If you showed a 2-year-old a model of her bedroom where you'd hidden a toy behind the bed, she would: A. understand that the model represented her room, but not be able to find the toy in her own room. B. exhibit schematic thinking and be able to explain the study back to you. C. be unable to find the toy in her room due to a lack of symbolic thinking. D. understand that the model represented her room and be able to find the toy in her own room. E. misunderstand the instructions due to her lack of theory of mind.
C. be unable to find the toy in her room due to a lack of symbolic thinking.
4. Walter Mischel's famous "marshmallow test" found that: A. adolescents are unable to control most impulses. B. adults who can delay gratification often have lower paying jobs. C. children who can delay gratification are often successful as adults. D. children who can delay gratification often do not flourish as adults. E. adolescents who can delay gratification tend to be at the preconventional level of morality.
C. children who can delay gratification are often successful as adults.
6. Howard cheats in his calculus class, even though he knows it is wrong, because "everyone else is doing it." Kohlberg would argue that Howard's response reflects a view of morality. A. myelinated B. preconventional C. conventional D. postconventional E. formal operational
C. conventional
26. Kaylee contributes to the flood relief fund because others are doing so, and she doesn't want to look selfish. Kohlberg might explain that she is in the: A. postconventional stage B. preconventional stage C. conventional stage D. preoperational stage E. formal operational stage
C. conventional stage
9. In many Western societies, it is common for adolescents to graduate from high school, go to college, and still live at home with their parents. They have not yet assumed full adult responsibilities and independence. Psychologists have identified this period of time as: A. adulthood B. early adulthood C. emerging adulthood D. late adolescence E. role confusion
C. emerging adulthood
3. As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner. The decrease in an infant's responsiveness is called: A. concentration abnormality B. teratogens C. habituation D. stability E. attention deficit
C. habituation
19. Olivia and Jackson plan to get married next year. This significant life event will allow them to achieve Erikson's stage of: A. competence B. generativity C. intimacy D. identity E. integrity
C. intimacy
1. Juliette is experiencing lifelong physical and mental abnormalities because her mother consumed alcohol while she was pregnant. The alcohol, because of the damage it caused, is considered a(n): A. reflex B. genetic anomaly C. teratogen D. epigenetic gene marker E. zygote
C. teratogen
Which of the following can be characterized as a "compulsion"?
Checking repeatedly to see if doors are locked
Over several years, Charles gradually developed schizophrenia. Because of this, the prognosis for recovery is poor. His type of schizophrenia would be referred to as:
Chronic
Knowing that you have taken AP® psychology, a friend of yours asks for your opinion on which type of psychotherapy she should consider for her anxiety. What would be your advice?
Cognitive, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic therapies have all demonstrated effectiveness for treating anxiety.
What enables groupthink?
Conformity
_______________ enables groupthink.
Conformity
An intelligence test that asks a person how many uses they can think of for a golf ball is most likely testing a person's__________ intelligence.
Creative
_____is the enduring traditions, ideas, attitudes, and behaviors shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.
Culture
is the enduring traditions, ideas, attitudes, and behaviors shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.
Culture
10. Infantile amnesia best explains why: A. Justina, ago 25, cannot remember hearing Japanese when she was 10. B. Ella, age 10, has no memories of her third birthday party. C. Karla, age 3, can't understand why her new brother is crying. D. Becca, age 2, is unable to remember where she left her doll. E. Hannah, ago 6, can't remember the gymnastics routine she just learned.
D. Becca, age 2, is unable to remember where she left her doll.
22. Which of the following would be considered a sign of secure attachment in a 1-year-old? A. Showing no sign of stranger anxiety, whether the parent is present or not B. Paying no attention to a parent who returns after a brief separation C. Showing anger at the parent after a brief separation D. Becoming distressed when the parent leaves and seeking contact on return E. Not reacting to a parent leaving or returning after a brief separation
D. Becoming distressed when the parent leaves and seeking contact on return
29. Most adolescents can ponder and debate human nature, good and evil, and truth and justice. According to Piaget, this thinking ability is due to the emergence of which stage? A. Concrete operational B. Sensorimotor C. Preoperational D. Formal operational E. Accommodation
D. Formal operational
12. Compared with the late nineteenth century. what is true about the transition from childhood to adulthood in Western cultures today? A It starts earlier and is completed earlier. B. It starts later and is completed later. C. It starts later and is completed earlier. D. It starts earlier and is completed later. E. It has not changed.
D. It starts earlier and is completed later.
Which of the following is an example of "self-efficacy"? A. Manuela believes others are always watching her. B. Abraham believes he is a moral person. D. Randy believes that the employees at his factory have increased productivity because Randy was promoted to manager. D. Saundra believes it rained because she's been wishing for rain for days. E. Igor maintains his optimism despite doing poorly in his math class.
D. Randy believes that the employees at his factory have increased productivity because Randy was promoted to manager.
6. Some people think development occurs in the same way a tree grows- slowly and steadily. Others think that there are rather abrupt developmental jumps-_more like the transformation of a tadpole into a frog. Which of the following issues would this difference of opinion relate to? A. Nature and nurture B. Maturation and learning C. Prenatal and neonatal D. Stability and change E. Continuity and stages
D. Stability and change
17. Which of the following changes does not occur with aging? A. Visual sharpness diminishes. B. Distance perception is less acute. C. Adaptation to light-level changes is less rapid. D. The lens of the eye becomes more transparent. E. Senses of smell and hearing diminish.
D. The lens of the eye becomes more transparent.
27. Which of these statements about intelligence and aging is true? A. Older adults surpass younger adults at recalling information. B. Older adults outperform teens at prospective memory. C. There is less variability among 70-year-olds than among 20-year-olds in capacity to learn and remember. D. When asked to recognize words, older adults show little memory decline. E. Older adults are less likely than younger adults to make mistakes when remembering meaningless information.
D. When asked to recognize words, older adults show little memory decline.
21. Which of the following is true of menopause? A. Both men and women experience menopause around the age of 50. B. Men experience menopause around 50 years of age, but women experience menopause around 65 years of age. C. Women experience menopause around 50 years of age, but men experience menopause around 65 years of age. D. Women experience menopause around the age of 50, but men don't experience menopause. E. Men experience menopause around the age of 65, but women don't experience menopause.
D. Women experience menopause around the age of 50, but men don't experience menopause.
5. What is the prenatal development sequence? A. Zygote, fetus, embryo B. Fetus, zygote, embryo C. Embryo, zygote, fetus D. Zygote, embryo, fetus E. Fetus, embryo, zygote
D. Zygote, embryo, fetus
30. Ellie and Ella's parents set clear rules, but also have discussions with their daughters about the types of rules and what the consequences should be for breaking the rules. Their parents are evidently following the A. authoritarian parenting style B. research of Harlow C. research of Bandura D. authoritative parenting style E. permissive parenting style
D. authoritative parenting style
8. Piaget would argue that as an adolescent, Mildred is better able to understand calculus because she is in the: A. sensorimotor stage B. preoperational stage C. concrete operational stage D. formal operational stage E. accommodation stage
D. formal operational stage
11. According to Erikson, the primary developmental task for adolescents is to develop a sense of: A. trust B. initiative C. competence D. identity E.intimacy
D. identity
24. Gender _________ are the social expectations that guide men and women's behavior. Gender _________ is a person's sense of being male or female. A. concepts; role B. preferences; role C. roles; preference D. roles; identity E. roles; preference
D. roles; identity
13. Vygotsky called the space between what a child could learn with and without help the: A. theory of mind. B. zone of abstract logic. C. zone of abstract reasoning. D. zone of proximal development. E. zone of developmental readiness.
D. zone of proximal development.
Which of the following is an example of "ingroup bias"'?
Derek believes his T-ball team is the best in the league
Which of the following is the primary purpose of the DSM-5?
Describing and diagnosing mental disorders
Most antipsychotic drugs mimic a certain neurotransmitter by blocking activity at the receptor sites. These drugs affect the neurotransmitter:
Dopamine
When psychological symptoms interfere with daily life, they are:
Dysfunctional
5. _________ focused on moral intuition and how people feel about moral situations. _________ however, was more interested in moral reasoning and how people think about moral situations. A. Kohlberg; Erikson B. Erikson; Kohlberg C. Piaget; Kohlberg D. Piaget; Erikson E. Haidt; Kohlberg
E. Haidt; Kohlberg
4. Which developmental issue best represents how our genes and environment interact? A. Habituation and maturation B. Stability and change C. Continuity and stability D. Continuity and stages E. Nature and nurture
E. Nature and nurture
3. Neurologically, what is the function of pruning? A. Pruning creates new connections between synapses through repeated experiences. B. Pruning reduces the negative effects of teratogens by eliminating neural waste. C. Pruning increases the weight of the brain through enriching experiences. D. Pruning creates areas in the brain used in learning mathematics. E. Pruning eliminates unused neural pathways.
E. Pruning eliminates unused neural pathways.
9. Which of the following is true of the early formation of brain cells? A. They form at a constant rate throughout the prenatal period B. They begin forming slowly, and then the rate increases throughout prenatal development C. They form slowly during the prenatal period, and then the rate increases after birth D. They form at a constantly increasing rate prenatally and in early childhood E. They are overproduced early in the prenatal period, and then the rate decreases and stabilizes
E. They are overproduced early in the prenatal period, and then the rate decreases and stabilizes
11. Your friend's baby brother, Matt, loves to play with his pet cat. When he sees a puppy, he points and calls it "Mi Mi", which is what he calls his cat. Matt is demonstrating Piaget's process of: A. conservation B. accommodation C. cognition D. object permanence E. assimilation
E. assimilation
18. As telomeres shorten, aging cells may die without being replaced with perfect genetic replicas. This process is slowed by: A. smoking B. obesity C. stress D. aging E. exercise
E. exercise
14. A child who is genetically female: A. has received an X chromosome from her mother and a Y chromosome from her father. B. has received a Y chromosome only from her mother. C. has received a Y chromosome from her mother and an X chromosome from her father. D. has received two X chromosomes from her mother and none from her father. E. has received an X chromosome from her father and her mother.
E. has received an X chromosome from her father and her mother.
24. Jayden, age 15, is struggling with how his political views fit with those of his peers and his parents as he moves toward developing what Erikson would call his sense of A. trust B. worth C. autonomy D. initiative E. identity
E. identity
16. A 4-year-old child comes into the room and tells her parent, "I broke it" without feeling the need to tell her parent what is broken because: A. the child lacks an understanding of conservation. B. the child is afraid of being punished. C. the child cannot remember what was broken. D. the child has assimilated the object into her memory. E. the child is egocentric.
E. the child is egocentric.
Which of the following is sometimes an effective treatment for severe depression that does not respond to drug therapy?
Electroconvulsive therapy
If Lanie is able to tell when her husband is upset by noticing subtle changes in his facial expressions, she might have a high degree of:
Emotional intelligence
Most psychologists today would reject the idea that humans share a reservoir of memory traces of inherited experiences, but there is evidence that shared human experiences have caused___________________ that affect our human genetic direction. A. epigenetic marks B. sublimation C. reciprocal determinism D. spotlight effects E. actualization phenomena
Epigenetic marks
Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to recognize the human capacity for: A. empathy B. love C. evil D. transcendence E. self-acceptance
Evil
_____________refers to who or what we blame for our successes and failures?
Explanatory style
Which of the following is an example of a social-cultural influence on aggressive behavior?
Exposure to violent media
Carly's therapist speaks a word and Carly speaks the first word that comes to mind rather than responding to specific questions or topics. Her therapist is making use of a technique known as: A. displacement. B. reaction formation. C. sublimation. D. free association. E. identification.
Free association
Brad's football team just barely lost the state championship game after a questionable referee call. As a result, Brad gets angry and starts shouting insults. Which of the following terms best identifies this chain of events?
Frustration-aggression principle
Karl, a 45-year-old barber, had worked in the same shop his entire life. Last year he disappeared and was found working as a car mechanic known as "K' 300 miles away, saying he had no memory of his former life. Karl's diagnosis would most likely be:
Fugue amnesia
Which of the following is an example of the "mere exposure effect?
Gary didn't like sushi the first couple of times he tried it, but his friend encouraged him to keep eating it and now it's one of his favorite foods.
According to Charles Spearman and others,______________ is measured by every task on an intelligence test
General intelligence (g)
Leo is always so worried that something bad is about to happen that he cannot stay focused at school. A therapist might best diagnose Leo with:
Generalized anxiety disorder
Most people's personality traits are most strongly influenced by: A. diet and nutrition. B. genetics. C. observational learning. D. operant conditioning E. TV shows.
Genetics
Which of the following best represents crystallized intelligence?
Grandpa Milt is good at crossword puzzles.
By providing prospective terrorists with electronic "chat rooms" for interfacing online with others who share their attitudes, the internet enables:
Group polarization
_______ is facilitated by online "echo chambers" and "opinion bubbles".
Group polarization
is facilitated by online "echo chambers" and "opinion bubbles".
Group polarization
Amanda has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Her main symptom is hearing voices that are not real, which is known as a:
Hallucination
The risk of bipolar disorder dramatically increases if you:
Have a biological parent with the disorder
Tom is six. How would Sigmund Freud explain his resolving of his Oedipus complex? A He will develop a strong interest in what his father is interested in. B. He will continue to resent his father, but also come to resent his mother. C. He will displace his anger onto his older sister. D. He will develop a strong superego. E. He will develop a weak id.
He will develop a strong interest in what his father is interested in.
Which of the following is most likely to be true of a person from an individualist culture? A. He would minimize the importance of his attitudes for the good of his town. B. He would choose a career based on the needs of his community. C.He would view his life task as "fitting in" and maintaining connections. D. He would maintain many superficial relationships in case he could benefit financially from any of them later. E. He would focus on his duty to his family.
He would maintain many superficial relationships in case he could benefit
Lisa and Nate are on their first date at a local restaurant. Which of the following is the best predictor of whether they will have a second date?
How physically attractive they find each other
Maslow and Rogers founded the__________________________ therapy. A. behaviorist B. social-cognitive Chumanist D. trait E. eclectic approach
Humanist
Which of the following theories offers a special focus on the potential for healthy personal growth? A. Neo-Freudian B. Psychodynamic C. Humanistic D. Behavioral E. Functionalist
Humanistic
Which of the following is one of the ways humanistic therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies?
Humanistic therapies focus on promoting growth, not curing illness.
An MRI shows that a patient has enlarged, fluid-filled ventricles in the brain. A likely diagnosis would be: I. schizophrenia. II. bipolar disorder. III. major depressive disorder.
I and II only
While monitoring episodes of depression, researchers have found: I. reduced levels of serotonin. II. reduced levels of norepinephrine. IlI. increased activity in the hypothalamus.
I and II only
Among the main factors that determine whether a relationship will form and last are: I. similarity. II. financial status. IlI. proximity.
I and III only
A question on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) such as "I get angry sometimes" is included to determine what about the test-taker? A. Whether the person has a personality disorder B. If the person needs immediate help for anger management C. If the person is more extraverted than introverted D. Whether the person has a stronger id or superego E. If the person is answering the survey questions truthfully
If the person is answering the survey questions truthfully
Adela regularly interprets everyday aches and pains, such as stomach cramps and headaches, as serious medical problems. Her doctor is unable to convince her that her problems are not serious. Adela suffers from:
Illness anxiety disorder
Jung agreed with Freud that clues to psychological illnesses could be found through: A. observational learning. B. interpreting symbolism in dreams. C. hypnosis. D. observing patients' reactions to cocaine use. E. using LSD to try to experience what their patients were experiencing.
Interpreting symbolism in dreams
Which of the following is true based on "Big Five" personality traits research? A. Highly conscientious people are likely to be "night owls. B. Highly conscientious people get poorer grades than ruthless people. C. Married partners scoring high on "agreeableness" are more likely to divorce. D. Introverts are more likely to listen to the opinions of others. E. Neuroticism predicts higher use of positive-emotion words in text messages.
Introverts are more likely to listen to the opinions of others
How does the presence of observers affect a person's performance?
It improves performance on easy tasks and hinders a person's performance on difficult tasks.
What would be true of a thermometer that always reads three degrees lower than the actual temperature?
It is reliable but not valid
Which of the following accurately describes the "just-world phenomenon"?
It's the belief that most people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
Which of the following individuals would best represent our understanding of fluid versus crystallized intelligence?
James is 80 and has just solved a math equation that has been puzzling him for the last 40 years.
Maslow and Rogers would explain that adolescents who have a self-concept that does not reach their image of their ideal self would have: A. genuineness. B. transcendence of "self". C. low self-esteem. D. more empathy for others. E. over-active superegos.
Low self esteem
M 74-76
M 74-76
M 60-64
M60-64
M 65-69
M65-69
The most widely used scientifically validated personality test is the: A. TAT. B. Rorschach. C. MMPI-2. D. Mvers-Briggs. E. UP self-inventory.
MMPI-2.
According to research on the bystander effect, which of the following people is most likely to stop and help a stranger?
Maria just saw a young girl offering her arm to help an older woman cross the street.
Which psychologist is incorrectly matched with the theory? A. Freud—Psychoanalytical B. Rogers—Humanistic C. Costa—Trait D. Maslow—Social cognitive E. Horney—Psychodynamic
Maslow—Social cognitive
Galileo's notion that the earth revolved around the sun was in opposition to the widespread beliefs of his era. Over time, his ideas were accepted by more and more scholars. This an example of:
Minority influence
Due to ___________ we tend to feel cheerful around happy people and sad around depressed people
Mood linkage
Which of the following is an example of unconditional positive regard? A. Mr. and Mrs. Smith, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism. B. Seven-year-old Bobbie is only given her allowance when she does her chores. C. Ms. Lopez, a second-grade teacher, only gives smiley-face stickers to students who sit quietly at their desks during math. D. John got a promotion and a raise at work after filling in for a sick manager one day and doing a better job than the manager. E. Chuck's parents praise him when he does well and ignore him when he doesn't.
Mr. and Mrs. Smith, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism.
Karl was late to his interview because he left the house late and did not use his GPS for directions. If Karl is using the self-serving bias, which of the following statements will he use to explain his lateness? A. "I thought I knew where I was going, but I got lost." B. "I spent too much time trying to find a tie that matched this shirt." C. "My GPS told me to turn left when I should have turned right." D. "I am usually right in predicting how long it takes me to get places, but today there was more traffic than I anticipated." E. "Sometimes I procrastinate and do not leave enough time to get places."
My GPS told me to turn left when I should have turned right.
social-cognitive theorist would use which research method? A. case studies B. naturalistic observations C. personality inventory questionnaires D. free association E. dream interpretation
Naturalistic observations
Modern psychologists assert that all behavior, whether it is normal or abnormal, is caused by the interaction of:
Nature and nurture
Which of the following is true of depression?
Nearly twice as many women than men have been diagnosed with depression.
Which of the following can be used to demonstrate that only about 2 percent of the population scores at least two standard deviations above the mean on an intelligence test?
Normal curve
The rules of a culture for accepted and expected behavior are called:
Norms
Which of the following provides the best evidence that race is more of a social construct than a biological category?
People of varying ancestry may categorize themselves as having the same race.
Which term describes questionnaires that cover a wide range of feelings and behaviors and are designed to assess several traits? A. Aptitude tests B. Personality inventories C. Peer reports D. Achievement tests E. Cognition tests
Personality inventories
Freudian theory says that all humans go through five distinct psychosexual stages of development. These five stages are oral, anal,__________, latency and genital. A. erogenous B. phallic C. autonomous D. pubescent E. geriatric
Phallic
The Oedipus Complex is a set of feelings that a male child must resolve successfully to work through the psychosexual stage and go to the next stage. A. erogenous B. phallic C. autonomous D. pubescent E. geriatric
Phallic
Which of the following is one of Robert Stemberg's types of intelligence?
Practical intelligence
Elaine's friends know that she should never be trusted with a secret, as she will tell everyone almost immediately. Elaine, however, complains that her friends can't be trusted. Elaine is using the defense mechanism: A. rationalization. B. regression. C. displacement. D. sublimation. E. projection.
Projection
Which of the following terms describes our geographic nearness to another person?
Proximity
Sigmund Freud is the founder of the_____________theoretical approach to studying and explaining personality. A. psychoanalytic B. behavioral C. humanist D. social-cognitive E. evolutionary
Psychoanalytic
Ella was an inappropriately aggressive child in middle school. In high school, she is a successful three-sport athlete because she channels her aggression into sports. Freud would say that Ella is subconsciously using the defense mechanism of: A. repression. B. reaction formation. C. displacement. D. projection. E. regression.
Reaction formation
A person's personality traits interact with different situations in a "social-cognitive" process that forms the person's personality throughout life. This person-environment feedback loop is called: A. sublimation. B. reaction formation. C. reciprocal determinism. D. free association. E. actualization.
Reciprocal determinism
Children's TV-viewing habits (past behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influence how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. What is this an example of? A. Spotlight effect B. Learned helplessness C. Reciprocal determinism D. The Big Five trait of "openness" E. Implicit learning
Reciprocal determinism
People with obsessive-compulsive disorder may report feeling less anxious after they clean, which causes them to want to clean again the next time they feel anxious. This feeling of reduced anxiety is a:
Reinforcement
a test yields consistent results upon retesting, it has a high degree of:
Reliability
Freud says that we use defense mechanisms to protect our self-image from harmful thoughts and to function successfully. His theory says that all defense mechanisms operate subconsciously on information that we into the subconscious mind. A repress B. actualize C. manifest D. transcend E. fixate
Repress
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events in the unconscious? A. Regression B. Displacement C. Repression D. Reaction formation E. Projection
Repression
Freudian theory also says that the root cause of most of humans' psychological illnesses are caused by: A. other people projecting their problems onto us. B. sexual abuse suffered during childhood. C. being raised in an "impoverished environment" D. infantile amnesia. E. repression of unresolved childhood conflicts into the subconscious mind.
Repression of unresolved childhood conflicts into the subconscious mind
In comparison to 40 years ago, American women today are more likely to marry for:
Romantic love
Victor is blind, unable to speak, and understands very few words. He is, however, able to hear a piece of music once and play it back flawlessly on the piano. Victor's abilities best represent someone with:
Savant syndrome
Psychologists have found_________ in every known culture.
Schizophrenia
What do we call the process of fulfilling our personal potential? A. Free association B. Self-efficacy C. Unconditional positive regard D. Self-concept E. Self-actualization
Self actualization
Which term is defined as all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, "Who am I?" A. Self-concept B. Ideal self C. Self-esteem D. Real self E. Self-efficacy
Self concept
Freud believed that the two over-riding motivations for people are: A. sex and aggression. B. hunger and thirst. C. self-actualization and transcendence. D. love and security. E. superiority and competence.
Sex and aggression
Which of the following is the best example of an aptitude test?
Sharon is observed while student teaching.
The way we frame events as "negative" or "positive" is called: A. locus of control. B. reciprocal determinism. C. self-efficacy. D. projection. E. situational assessment.
Situational assessment
Adler and Homey, two Neo-Freudians, agree that influence on childhood development, not sexual tensions. A. subconscious B. social C. parent-child D. intellect vs. emotion E. male vs. female
Social
Rebekah has grown increasingly nervous about going to school and social gatherings. When she is assigned a presentation in English class, she is so terrified that her teacher and classmates will judge her harshly that she cannot bring herself to go to school at all. A therapist would be most likely to diagnose her with:
Social anxiety disorder
A situation in which the conflicting parties, by rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior is known as a:
Social trap
A test developer defines uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group. Which of the following best describes this process?
Standardization
Sherif and his colleagues found that by providing hostile groups with _____ to reduce tension as they worked together to solve problems.
Superordinate goals
What did Carl Jung call the shared, inherited "reservoir" of memory traces from our species' evolutionary history? A. the superego B. reciprocal pools C. the collective unconscious D. the projective complex E. the real self
The collective unconscious
Freudian theory says that the personality has three parts that interact with each other. According to Freud, which part operates only in the subconscious mind? A. the ego B. the executive cortex C. collective unconscious. D. actualization. E. the id
The id
What is the best explanation for why Carl, an African-American, was better able to describe the African-American man who robbed his store than he was able to describe the Caucasian man who was with the robber?
The other race effect
Athletes who often privately credit their victories to their own abilities, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance, are exhibiting which psychological concept? A. Low self-esteem B. The self-serving bias C. Pessimism D. The spotlight effect E. Incompetence
The self serving bias
Freud's theory says that the majority of our psychological processes occur in: A. the mid-brain. B. the subconscious part of the mind. C. stressful situations. D. childhood. E. conscious awareness.
The subconscious part of the mind
According to most experts, intelligence tests are not biased because:
The tests do a pretty good job of predicting what they are supposed to predict
There is a greater correlation between the IQ scores of identical twins raised together than for fraternal twins raised together. What conclusion can be drawn from this data?
There is a genetic effect on intelligence.
In Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister's research, how did people with unrealistically high self-esteem react when they were criticized? A. They became exceptionally aggressive. B. Many were more receptive to the criticism than most people. C. Some immediately became depressed. D. They made lists of specific things to do to improve. E. Most of them had schizophrenic "breaks"
They became exceptionally aggressive
In obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessions are repetitive intrusive__________ and compulsions are repetitive intrusive_____________
Thoughts; behaviors
What is the benefit of standardizing an intelligence test?
To provide a basis for comparing scores against a pretested group
Carl Rogers felt that we are our best selves when we feel accepted for who we are. What did he call this accepting attitude? A. Conscientiousness B. Unconditional positive regard C. Self-transcendence D. Sublimation E. Reciprocal determinism
Unconditional positive regard
Carl Rogers' person-centered approach states that all people have the potential growth and fulfillment that is often thwarted by environmental factors. Therefore, everyone deserves from others when they seek help to overcome obstacles and achieve their potentials. A. unconditional positive regard B. sublimation C. reality confrontation D cognitive appraisal E. behavior modification
Unconditional positive regard
Which of the following are symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder?
Unexplainable and continual tension
Homey believed that Freud was wrong asserting that women are inferior and "envy" men their entire lives. She believed that men had « " of a female capability that men could never match. A. womb envy B. sublimation C. reaction formation D. a self-serving bias E. an infantile fixation
Womb envy
Concerning suicide:
Women are more likely to attempt suicide than men
For every five assignments they complete, Senorita Vale gives her students one "Homework Puntos." They can use those passes to opt out of future assignments. She is making use of a technique known as:
a token economy
Meta-analysis is:
a way to combine the results of many studies.
Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) in a therapy session is called:
active listening
Intellectual disability is defined by both IQ and which of the following?
adaptive ability
In the United States, suicide rates are highest:
among those with depression who suddenly seem better.
Which area of the brain exhibits higher-than-normal activity in many people with PTSD?
amygdala
Carlos has been prescribed an SSRI to treat his illness. This type of drug is classified as a(n):
antidepressant.
Randall feels no regret after violating others' rights and is quite clever at manipulating those around him. Randall would most likely be diagnosed with:
antisocial personality disorder.
Humanistic psychologists might assess personality by: A. asking a person to compare their ideal self to their actual self. B. asking people to fill out the Thematic Apperception Test. C. getting people to describe what they see in inkblots. D. having a person describe their dreams. E. putting people in a stressful situation to see how they behave under pressure.
asking a person to compare their ideal self to their actual self.
The Freudian concept of the "go" is best described as: A. balancing the pressures of the id against the restraints of the superego, B. the pleasure principle. C. ignoring the morality of an issue. D. the repression of disturbing thoughts. E. striving for perfection.
balancing the pressures of the id against the restraints of the superego,
Attitudes are ________ that guide behavior.
belief-based feelings
Which of the following describes the idea that psychological disorders result from an interplay of a variety of factors?
biopsychosocial approach
Opinion-change resulting from a thoughtful consideration of the content of an argument is:
central route persuasion.
A psychotherapist states, "Getting people to change what they say to themselves is an effective way to change their thinking." This statement best exemplifies which kind of therapeutic approach?
cognitive
Dr. Wells tries to help her clients by teaching them to modify the way they think when under stress or experiencing symptoms. This means that Dr. Wells engages in __________ therapy.
cognitive
The discomfort we feel when two thoughts are inconsistent is called:
cognitive dissonance.
Which of the following therapeutic approaches is scientifically supported?
cognitive therapy
Jayne has been diagnosed with depression. Her therapist suggested that she get out and interact with her friends more, and that she not allow herself to worry about whether her friends want to be around her. Jayne's therapist is using what type of approach to treat her depression?
cognitive-behavioral therapy
Therapists who encourage their clients to change their thoughts and their actions are engaging in:
cognitive-behavioral therapy
When used in conjunction with antidepressant drugs, _____ is especially effective in the treatment of
cognitive-behavioral therapy
After being married 50 years, Nancy and Bill feel a deep, affectionate attachment to each other after all that they have shared throughout their marriage. Psychologists would say that they have developed:
companionate love
The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to:
comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request.
Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called:
conformitv.
Solomon Asch asked people to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line. His research was designed to study:
conformity.
Worried that she may hit her father, Maeve finds that her hand has suddenly gone numb. Her most likely diagnosis would be:
conversion disorder
Abraham Maslow researched healthy, creative and successful people. Maslow did this to obtain results that: A. could help the masses of "normal" people live more fulfilling lives. B. he would compare to "abnormal" mental patients to show how severely ill they were. C. would prove that Freud was wrong when Freud asserted that everyone is psychologically ill to some degree. D. would prove that we do not need residential psychiatric hospitals. E. would calm people around the world who had been shocked and pushed into anxiety and depression by Freud's theories.
could help the masses of "normal" people live more fulfilling lives.
Dwayne is acting violently toward his friends and family. Which of the following would be the most probable result of a PET scan of his brain:
decreased frontal lobe activity.
Some patients whose depression resists drugs have benefited from which experimental treatment?
deep-brain stimulation
Becoming less self-conscious and less restrained when in a group situation is referred to as:
deindividuation
Believing that aliens are trying to steal her thoughts, Shauna wears a special hat that she designed. Her beliefs represent:
delusions
What is the most common reason people seek mental health services?
depression
Which of the following is most effectively treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
depression
In the technique described in question #6 above, what is the therapist trying to accomplish? A. force Carly to admit her failures. B. get a general sense of Carly's intellectual level. C. determine if Carly will be able to answer later questions used in more complex therapy techniques. D. disrupt the conscious thought processes that maintain the barrier blocking access to the unconscious mind where the cause of Carly's illness can be found. E. get a general impression of Carly's personality type.
disrupt the conscious thought processes that maintain the barrier blocking access to the unconscious mind where the cause of Carly's illness can be found.
To dampen the responsiveness to hallucinations and delusions, Thorazine works as an antagonist by blocking the over-activity of ______ at its receptor sites.
dopamine
Which neurotransmitter is affected by antipsychotic medications?
dopamine
Dr. Carlson advises his depressed patients to discuss their childhood as well as their present lives. He also prescribes medications for them. His therapeutic style would be best described as:
eclectic
The social-cognitive perspective: A. emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations. B. predicts aggression. C. shows how our environment controls us. D. describes our personality using five main traits. E. explains the influence of the inferiority complex" on our behaviors.
emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations.
According to Milgram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that:
even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction.
Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines:
even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect.
In recent years:
explicit prejudice has been decreasing more than implicit prejudice.
Mary Cover Jones helped a little boy named Peter overcome his fear of rabbits by gradually moving a rabbit closer to him each day while he was eating his snack. This was one of the first applications of:
exposure therapy
Heritability relates to the:
extent to which variability among individuals' intelligence scores can be attributed to genetic variation.
A psychoanalytic psychologist might use the TAT and the Rorschach test to: A. get a glimpse of a person's ideal self. B. determine if a person is an introvert. C determine if a person is conscientious. D. gain insight about a person's unconscious mind. E. gain insight about where a person falls in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
gain insight about a person's unconscious mind.
Normative social influence results from peoples' desire to:
gain social approval
Charles Spearman's g refers to:
general intelligence
By providing prospective terrorists with electronic "chat rooms" for interfacing online with others who share their attitudes, the internet enables:
group polarization.
a unique benefit of _____ allows people to discover, in a social context, that others have problems similar to their own is:
group therapy
Attribution theory was designed to account for:
how people explain others' behavior.
Factor analysis is the test-development strategy that: A.creates ambiguous images. B. identifies items on a personality test that differentiate (correlate) between groups and uses those items on the test. C. analyzes a person's reciprocal determinism in an experimental situation. D. analyzes the most common defense mechanisms. E. determines how people feel about themselves in the present moment.
identifies items on a personality test that differentiate (correlate) between groups and uses those items on the test.
Group polarization is most likely to occur in a group in which:
individuals share a similar opinion from the beginning
Group polarization is most likely to occur in a group in which:
individuals share the similar opinion from the beginning
Researchers studying the effects of genes on intelligence have found that:
intelligence is polygenetic.
Antisocial personality disorder is most often characterized by:
lack of conscience
Trevor spends 45 minutes a day in front of an intense light. It is most likely that he is being treated with:
light therapy
Having been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, Patricia has been prescribed _____ to level the highs and lows of the disorder.
lithium
Deindividuation refers to:
loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.
Achievement tests are to aptitude tests as:
measurement is to prediction
The original formula for a child's intelligence "quotient" compared a child's:
mental age to his or her chronological age
Over time:
passionate love decreases and companionate love increases.
Social facilitation refers to the tendency to:
perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others.
Observing yourself on a videotape is most likely to increase your tendency to attribute your behavior to
personality traits
A dispositional attribution is to_______ as a situational attribution is to________
personality traits; environmental factors
Poverty and unemployment are likely to be explained by personal dispositions by____________ and by situational influences by__________________
political conservatives; political liberals
After overcoming severe anxiety and dealing with some physical health issues, Grace finds herself having a greater appreciation for life and a sense of increased personal strength. Her psychotherapist identifies this as:
post-traumatic growth
Kayla's uncle fought in an overseas war zone. After returning home, he finds it difficult to sleep and has a feeling of near constant anxiety. A psychiatrist would most likely offer him treatment for:
posttraumatic stress disorder
The purpose of Alfred Binet's early intelligence test was to:
predict how children would do in school
Students who do well on college entrance exams generally do well in their first year of college. This helps establish that these exams have:
predictive validity
The primary distinction between prejudice and discrimination is that.
prejudice is cognitive and discrimination is a behavior.
Someone from a "collectivist" culture is more likely to: A. develop a strong sense of self B. prioritize group goals C. form casual, often temporary relationships D. achieve personal goals E. dwell on how they are different from the group
prioritize group goals
According to Carol Dweck, students are often hampered by a "fixed mindset." This means they believe:
problems can only be solved in a particular way.
In which kind of therapy would the therapist be most likely to note the following during a session: "Blocks in the flow of free associations indicate resistance"?
psychoanalysis
Therapists who help people understand their current symptoms by focusing on important relationships, including childhood experiences and the therapist-client relationship, are most likely to be:
psychodynamic therapists
Juliette's depression is not responding to the normal biomedical treatments. Her therapist has suggested that she try several sessions of _____ to energize her left frontal lobe and reduce her symptoms.
rTMS
Lea, a client with depression, has been visiting a therapist for several months. During each session, she is challenged on her irrational thinking. The therapist is likely using Albert Ellis' version of:
rational-emotive behavioral therapy.
Which of the following is not recommended by therapists as a way to help prevent or get over depression?
recovered-memory therapies
Which of the following is not a component of emotional intelligence?
repress emotions
What do psychodynamic therapists call the blocking of anxiety-laden material from conscious awareness?
resistance
Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. This study best illustrated the impact of:
roles on attitudes.
Howard Gardner found evidence of multiple intelligences in individuals who scored low on intelligence but had an area of exceptional ability. -for example, to make complex calculations. These people have:
savant syndrome
A split from reality that shows itself in disorganized speech, disturbed perceptions, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotional expression is associated with which psychological disorder?
schizophrenia
Jessica and Harper are identical twins. Jessica has been diagnosed with a psychological disorder. Harper is most at risk for developing the same disorder if Jessica is diagnosed with:
schizophrenia
Lee feels that he cannot understand chemistry, so he gives up on doing the homework or studying for tests. When he fails chemistry he is demonstrating a(n):
self-fulfilling prophecy.
The tendency for people to exert less effort when they are combining their efforts toward a common goal is known as:
social loafing.
Clusters of teenage suicides that occasionally occur in some communities might be the result of:
suggestibility
Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's obedience experiment because:
the "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted.
Heritability of intelligence refers to:
the amount of group variation in intelligence that can be attributed to genetics.
Based on brain scans of those with bipolar disorder, which of the following is true?
the brain is more active during manic episodes and less active during depressive episodes
Unconsciously mimicking those around us is:
the chameleon effect.
Joe and Tom tried to buy tickets to see their favorite band, but they were unable to do so because the show sold out by the time they filled in the online form. Joe swipes his laptop onto the floor in anger. The best explanation for why he does this is:
the frustration-aggression principle.
The Flynn effect refers to:
the gradual increase in average intelligence score of the general population over the last several decades.
Group polarization refers to:
the intensification of a group's predominant attitude through group discussion.
If the scores on an intelligence test form a normal curve with a standard deviation of 15:
the mean, median, and mode are 100 AND 68 percent of scores are between 85 and 115 (a and b are true)
Jackson downloaded an album, even though he liked only one of the songs. Over time he has found that he likes the other songs on the album as well. This is best explained by:
the mere exposure effect.
Which of the following is the best phrase for a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client who are working to overcome the client's problem?
therapeutic alliance
All of the following are TRUE about people with psychological illness EXCEPT:
they are highly likely to be violent.
The text defines social psychology as the scientific study of how people ________ one another.
think about, influence, and relate to
No matter how embarrassing her discussions with her therapist might be, Jenny recognizes that he always treats her with respect. This acceptance illustrates the client-centered technique of:
unconditional positive regard
The nearly 1-in-100 odds of any person being diagnosed with schizophrenia become about 1 in 10 among those:
whose parent has schizophrenia.