Ap Psych Unit One Retake

Introspection, a research tool used by early psychologists, is a technique which involves

self-examination of mental processes

Which of the following most accurately describes a dependent variable?

Some aspects of participants response measured in experiment

A research psychologist generalizes from a particular sample to an entire population. This is an example of

Statistical inference

Which of the following is true of the above graphs?

The mean is identical for both distributions. The standard deviation is larger for distribution A.

Which of the following is the independent variable in this experiment?

The medicine

Which of the following statements is supported by the results of the experiment?

The medicine was more effective in reducing the severity of the headaches than was quiet rest.

In a research study, informed consent is a concern of

ethics

Which of the following is the strongest correlaton?

-.90

The mean is 80 with a standard deviation of four. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?

77

A person displays a set of rare behaviors that psychologists had not known about previously, because nobody had ever shown them before. The best strategy to investigate the nature of these behaviors is

A case study

A research group conducted a study investigating the connection between self-reported number of hours slept in a given week and scores on a happiness measure. Based on the scatterplot above, the group can report that there is

A positive correlation

Which procedure can reduce problems associated with the use of deception by a researcher?

Debriefing

Which of the following research methods is being used if the same subjects are tested at 2, 4, and six years of age?

Longitudinal

Which of the following research approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that the presence of certain odors causes people to gamble more?

Experimental

One advantage of experiments over correlational studies is that the experiments generally allow one to

Infer cause and effect

Which of the following statements best describes the placebo effect?

It can be brought about by the individuals expectations

Which of the following is used to reduce the effects of confounding variables in experiments?

Random assignment

Student from a journalism class ask only their friends to participate in a school newspaper survey and neglect to ask the rest of the student body. The journalism students daya may not be generalizable due to.

Sampling bias

Operational definitions are used for which of the following reasons?

They enable researchers to replicate studies by precisely describing the variables and how they are used

Which of the following describes the response of members of the American psychological Association to ethical issues in research?

They have developed codes of ethics for research with both human participants and animal subjects

In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on television increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of participants saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive behavior. The dependent variable in the experiment is

amount of aggressive behavior exhibited by the children

A group of friends watched a recent episode of a crime investigation show and concluded that they would have been able to figure out who was responsible for a crime more proficiently than did the television investigators. The friends' overestimation of their ability to determine who committed the crime is most likely due to a reasoning error known as

hindsight bias

The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following theoretical perspectives?

psychodynamic

Of the following, an evolutionary psychologist will most likely investigate the

reason why many people have an annate fear of the dark

cognitive psychologists are most likely to study

the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

The results of a correlational study involving student volunteers in a psychology laboratory might not apply to the general population because

the sample is not randomly chosen and therefore may not be a representative sample

In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on television increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of participants saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive behavior. The control group in the experiment is

watching the nonviolent cartoon

Researchers have found a negative correlation between income and dental problems. What conclusion can be directily drawn from this statement?

As income increases, the likelihood of dental problems decreases