AP pysch chap 2

Serotonin

Affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal. Undersupply linked to depression.

Cerebellum

Balance and coordination

Which part of the nervous system takes the information received from the senses, makes sense out of it, makes decisions, and sends commands out to the muscles and the rest of the body?

Brain

The Central Nervous System is made up which two components

Brain and spinal cord

Dendrites

Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.

susan was recently involved in an accident. while she has the ability to understand what those around her are saying, she is unable to respond verbally. susan may have suffered damage to her....

Broca's Area

myelin sheath

a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next

all-or-none response

a nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus

action potential

a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon

adrenal glands

a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that help arouse the body in times of stress. Secondary source of sex hormones

What event causes the release of chemicals into synaptic gap

action potential

Which is associated with fear

amygdala

previously calm animal is now aggressive

amygdala

Which of the following neurotransmitter most closely resembles the effects alc has on nervous sys

anandamide

central nervous system

brain and spinal cord

Soma

cell body of a neuron

glial cells

cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons

Wernicke's area

condition resulting from damage to Wernicke's area, causing the affected person to be unable to understand or produce meaningful langauge

Medulla

controls heartbeat and breathing

motor cortex

controls voluntary movements

frontal lobe

decision making, problem solving, planning, speech

Sara has a family history of schizophrenia. At a chemical level, which neurotransmitter would be implicated in the disorder?

dopamine

what type of signal is used to relay a message from one end of a neuron to the other end

electrical

sympathic division

fight or flight

synpase/synaptic gap

fluid filled space between axon terminal of one cell and the dendrites or soma of the next cell

In 1848, Phineas Gage. Iron rod through head

frontal lobes

temporal lobe

hearing

which is least related to endocrine system

heart

Hippocampus

long term memory

The function of the ________ is to carry information to and from all parts of the body.

nervous system

A specialized cell found in the nervous system that receives and sends messages within that system is called a

neuron

afferent neurons

neurons that take information from the senses to the brain (central nervous system)

Brains ability to restructure

neuroplasticity

A chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an effect on the next cell is called a ________.

neurotransmitter

madison encounters a snake on her walk home. after her initial fright, her breathing and heart slow down and she begins to feel calm again. which division of the nervous system helped calm madison down?

parasympathetic nervous system

Reuptake

process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicles

thyroid gland

regulates metabolism

Amygadala

responsible for fear responses and memory of fear

Gonads

sex glands

Pons

sleeping, waking, dreaming

which part of the brain is responsible for walking across room to pick something up

somatic nervous system

Josh was on the way to the bathroom when he heard a loud noise. heart sped up and began to sweat..why

sympathetic nervous system

Neuroplasticity

the ability within the brain to constantly change both the structure and function of many cells in response to experience or trauma

Neuron

the basic cell that makes up the nervous system and that receives and sends messages within that system

Epigenetics

the interaction between genes and environmental factors that influence gene activity; environmental factors include diet, life experiences, and physical surroundings

parietal lobe

touch, temperature, and body position

Axon

tubelike structure that carries the neural message to other cells

occipital lobe

vision

Researches removed part of rat's brain so that the two hemispheres of the brain can no longer communicate with each other

Corpus Callosum

Someone under the influence of alcohol is MOST likely to experience

Decreased inhibition

somatic nervous system

Division of the PNS that controls the body's skeletal muscles.

a college student participates in voluntary

EEG

Kayla has a dream in which she is falling, and when she is about to land, she wakes up. After awakening, she spends hours researching the symbolism of her dream. Which sleep theory best describes Kayla's approach to researching her dream?

Freud's Wish-Fulfillment

endocrine glands

Glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream

John is a regular drinker. When he does not drink alcohol for an extended period​ he begins to feel nauseated and craves alcohol. Because of this unpleasant feeling, John chooses to drink and then the unpleasant feelings go away. What has happened to John?

He has developed an addiction to alc

Emma is telling her younger sister stories about her first Christmas in their new home. Which part of the brain is Emma using to recall these memories?

Hippocampus

the nature-nurture issue is best exemplified

Is level of intelligence the result of one's environment and specific learning, or is it a result of biological maturation

most detailed picture of brain

MRI

Ronnie conducting research on part of neuron that helps speed transmission of neural impulses

Myelin sheath

At a concert, Joan is listening to the words of her favorite song and watching her favorite band perform. Which two lobes of her brain are active during these activities?

Occipital and Temporal

Which type of neural measure would show anxious temperament related to fear?

PET

Rachel has had a stroke resulting in damage to her thalamus. Ever since then, Rachel has had a variety of problems primarily related to:

Receiving sensory information and relaying it to appropriate area

Hypothalamus

Responsible for regulating basic biological needs: hunger, thirst, temperature control

a knee jerk reaction is triggered when __ in the knee and send a signal to the __

Sensory Neurons, Interneurons, Motor Neurons

The part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and keeps the entire cell alive and functioning is the ________.

Soma

Knowing what you are touching or how hot to make the water for your shower involves which of these areas of the brain?

Somatosensory Cortex