AP World Chapter 22 & chapter 23

Versailles was the magnificent royal palace of

Louis XIV

which was not one of the policies pursued by louis XIV

an attempt to make the nobles an active part of the government

Which were both Chinese inventions

sternpost rudder and magnetic compass

the VOC was the

united east India company

Russian territorial expansion into northern Eurasia began in the

16th century

by 180, the population of europe had risen to

180 million

the first great philosophical proponent of capitalism was

Adam Smith

Hormuz, Goa, ad Melaka were all seized in the early 1500s by

Afonso d'Alboqerque

by 1750, all parts of the world participated in a global trade network in which Europeans played dominant roles, except

Australia

the first european to sail around the cape of good hope was

Bartolomeu Dias

Which city was not a Portuguese trading post

Bombay

the english civil war ended with the trial and decapitation of

Charles I

when he reached ________, Columbus sent delegates to seek the court of the emperor of china

Cuba

The leader of england during the attempted invasion of the spanish armada was

Elizabeth I

Most of the actual exploration of the pacific ocean was carried out by the

English

The first circumnavigation of the world was completed in 1522 by

Ferdinand Magellan

The spanish inquisition was first established in 1478 by

Fernando and Isabel

On October 12, 1492, Columbus made landfall on an island that the native Taino called

Guanahani

The English explorer James Cook died during a fight in

Hawaii

Which man conquered the Moroccan port of Ceuta and sponsored a series of voyages down the west African coast

Henry of Portugal

The event that inspired Henry VII to confront the pope was

Henry's desire to gain a divorce

the theory of universal gravity is associated with

Issac newton

The explorer who led three expeditions into the Pacific in the 18th century was

James Cook

that planetary orbitals are elliptical, not circular, was demonstrated by

Kepler

the individual associated with the phrase "I'etat, c'est moi" was

Louis XIV

The center of the Spanish commercial activity in Asia was

Manila

who said, "i cannot and will no recant anything, for it is neither safe nor right to act against one's conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other"?

Martin Luther

The Philippines fell to

Miguel Lopes de Legazpi

on the revolutions of the heavenly spheres was the written by

Nicolaus copernicus

the spanish leader who sent an armada against england in 1588 was

Philip II

The first European nation to dominate trade with Asia was

Portugal

catherine the great's attempt at reform in Russia were essentially ended by

Pugachev's rebellion

The most destructive european conflict before the 20th century was

The thirty years' war

the council that helped define and advance the catholic reformation took place in

Trent

chapter 22: The portuguese mariner who sailed to Calicut in 1498 was

Vasco da Gama

the ptolemaic universe was based on

a motionless earth surrounded by nine hollow spheres

The author of the institutes of the christian religion was

calvin

The architect of french absolutism was

cardinal Richelieu

The dutch policy in Indonesia was to

control the production of spices

ignatius loyola was instrumental in

creating the society of jesus

Which states developed constitutional government sin the 17th century

england and the netherlands

From 1500 to 1800, the largest contingent of migrants consisted of

enslaved Africans

The Portuguese dominance of trade was dependent on their ability to

force merchant ships to call at fortified trading sites and pay duties

Jan Pieterszoon Coen was responsible for

founding the city of Batavia on the island of java

Which factor was not on of the reason for charles V's failure to build a centralized, sovereign state in the holy roman empire?

frequent invasions by england

Russian merchants and explorers began the expansion into Siberia in the quest for

furs

the city that stood as john calvin's model protestant community was

geneva

Christopher columbus's decision to sail west to reach asa was based on

his miscalculation of the distance form the canary islands to japan

most enlightenment philosophers believed

in the notion of progress

the the long term, the Colombian exchange

increased world population because of the spread of new food crops

In the end, Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because

it was a small country with a small population

the astrolabe was designed to measure

latitude

Charles V was the

leader who tried, but failed, to centralize authority in the holy roman empire

the author of the ninety-five theses was

martin Luther

In their attempt to control the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the Europeans during the period between the 16th and 18th centuries

met with limited success because of a lack of personnel

the catholic church dramatically pushed the sale of indulgences in the 16th century because of the

need to raise funds for the construction of st. peter's basilica

the profitable merchandise that vasco da gama purchased in india was made up of

pepper and cinnamon

The most important consequence of the peace of westphalia was in

promoting the notion that the european nations viewed each other as sovereign and equal

the system by which unfinished materials were delivered to rural households for production was known as the

putting-out system

The portuguese viewed the Atlantic Ocean islands as the perfect location for the cultivation of

sugarcane

the explosion of witch-hunting in the 16th century was most probably caused by

tensions between Catholics and protestants

Which was not a reason for the european interest in finding a maritime trade route

that mongol domination had caused trade along the silk roads to stop

the most prosperous country in Europe in the 17th century was

the Netherlands

Ferdinand Magellan established a trade route between Mexico and

the Philippines

the fundamental principle of diplomacy in early modern europe was

the balance of power

Which was not one of the main inspirations for European exploration

the desire to conquer China and India

the reconquista came to an end in 1492 when

the muslim kingdom of granada fell to spanish catholic forces

Which was not one of the pillars of the catholic reformation

the religious fervor of the renaissance popes

Chapter 23: Luther's initial stimulus for formulation the ninety-five theses was

the sale of indulgences

which conflict is the largest war to unfold in the wake of the peace of westphalia

the seven years' war

Which was not an advantage the English and dutch had over the Portuguese

they had much better captains

the council of trent

took steps to reform the catholic church

Henry VIII's reformation in England

was much more politically driven that luther's reformation

under Spanish rule of the Philippines, the native population

was pressured to convert to Roman Catholicism

85% of the condemned witches were

women

Lateen sails had the advantage of

working better in crosswinds