AP WORLD MIDTERM SAQS

identify one way in which the atlantic slave trade altered societies in africa

american foods were brought to africa and stablized the population despite the large number of africans leaving from slave trade, increase in intertribal warfare eventually lead to the fall of powerful kingdoms

explain one difference in the way technology affected state power in asia and in the way that technology affected state power in europe from 1450-1750

astrolabe- originally used to find location of mecca (religious purpose) then used in europe for sailing (maritime/economic)

identify a historically specific example that supports the author's argument that the europeans of the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were the mongols of the sea

both very skilled at killing off huge populations of people (europeans used disease, mongols used advanced military tactics)

describe the historical situation in which conrad of megenberg wrote his book

bubonic plague

explain one political difference between western europe and china between 1200-1450

china- centralized bureaucracy western europe- decentralized feudalism & manorialism, political fragmentation

1A. explain one economic difference between western europe and china between 1200-1450

china- more commercial, used paper money, produced porcelain, silk, & steel western europe- economically behind due to feudal system, no standardized currency, wants to trade with china to find access to wealth

explain one similarity in the way technology affected state power in asia and in the way that technology affected state power in europe from 1450-1750

chinese and europeans both involved in construction of large open ocean sailing vessels (such as chinese junks)

explain one cross cultural exchange that would challenge the assertion in the last sentence of the passage concerning the nomads' role in cross regional exchanges before 1450

christianity spread through merchants and missionaries from sedentary communities, spread of technology such as paper making and compass, greek culture philosophy and science heavily influenced development of russian society

identify and explain another cause of the spread of islam between 600 and 1450

conversion for social reasons- easier to be muslim when trading, very accepting of merchants and their material wealth (muhammad himself was a merchant)

for the period 1450-1750 identify one development that changed there role that central asian nomads played in cross regional exchanges as described in the passage

declining importance of nomads- expansion of gunpowder empires (qing and russia), european settlemtent of americas/ transatlantic contact

explain a long term consequence of europe's method of interaction with people they encountered in the americas

displacement of native populations allowed for new cultures to come to americas (europe and africa), indigenous populations struggled for a few hundred years due to lack of immunity

identify one claim made in the passage about the policies of chinese rulers

encouraged international trade through regional specialization & increased economic efficiency (ex- flying cash)

explain another way in which the 2 authors agree about european success in the americas

european weapons were superior to those of incas and aztecs

explain how the europeans' interaction with the people they encountered was different than the mongols' interaction with subjected people

europeans had no tolerance and enforced their culture and religion (christianity) on the conquered people; mongols assimilated into their conquered peoples' culture

1C. identify one cause of the spread of islam between 600 and 1450

forced conversion- devshirme system forced christian boys to convert to islam

3A. identify one technological transfer between world regions that affected state power from 1450-1750

guns used on ships and standing armies, improvements in maritime technology, lateen sail allowed europeans to explore cape of good hope and travel to americas

identify and explain how one state in east or southeast asia was impacted by chinese culture between 600-1450

japan- remodeled gov to be like chinese, adopted chinese language and buddhism (sinification) built buddhist temples, used buddhist symbols on japanese culture

describe one argument that conrad of megenberg makes regarding the jewish people and the spread of disease

jewish people didn't cause the epidemic- large numbers of jews were also killed by plague, plague continued after jews had been killed or forced to leave

identify and explain one economic effect of the spread of islam between 600 and 1450

major increase in trade bc islam supported merchants, bills of exchange and credit system established

identify and explain one way in which the passage illustrates the economic development of china under the song dynasty

new maritime inventions, flying cash, demand for chinese goods increased, dominated international trade & recover from the past

explain one social similarity between western europe and china between 1200-1450

patriarchal society & poor treatment of women china- confucianism, foot binding, limited education for women western europe- couldn't become monarchs, limited church & universities opportunities

describe one reason for the success of the europeans in the americas that is not addressed by the authors

rivalries within the americas provided allies for the europeans, spanish create allies with tribes eager to overthrow incas and aztecs

3C. identify one way in which african slavery was changed by the arrival of europeans as seen in the map

shift from african slaves used as domestic servants to being used in mass amounts on plantations in americas (globally distributed, large increase in number of slaves going to europe and americas)

3D. describe one way in which the 2 authors agree concerning european success in the americas

spanish cavalry / horse usage

identify one way in which the atlantic slave trade altered societies in north and south america

spread of african culture, blending of african traditions with american traditions, languages spoken by africans mixed with european languages to create new dialects or languages

identify one specific historical example of a cultural exchange between nomads and non-nomads that occurred in the period before 1450

spread of stirrups and gunpowder, song dynasty's use of central asian warhorses

identify and explain one example after 1450 in which syncretism played an important role in the spread of religious or cultural traditions

sufi mulisms blended local practices with islamic practices (always looking to tie in other religious traditions)

describe one way in which the disease referred to in the passage influenced the development of urban areas in the period 1350-1450

temporary decline in urbanization and trade, fall of mongol empire, improved sanitation, cities laid out so disease can't spread as rapidly

identify and explain 2 examples in the period 600-1450 that support the author's argument concerning the role of political social, or economic incentives in the spread of religious or cultural traditions

1. spread by islamic caliphates and other muslim states (umayyad caliphate and delhi sultanates) 2. spread by intensifying silk road trade and creation of diasporic muslim merchant communities in indian ocean basin 3. use of jizya in dar al islam encouraged people to convert