APES

Which of the following best describes how an anthropogenic activity can increase ocean acidification?

A. Emissions from power plants that burn fossil fuels increase atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by the ocean.

Which of the following best describes the method of vehicle transport that is the most environmentally sustainable?

A. The use of a vehicle powered by hydrogen fuel cells because there are no carbon emissions

Which of the following is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use?

A. requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars

geothermal energy plants are a viable alternative energy source because

A. they use the heat from earth's interior to create steam that is used to generate electricity and then can be pumped back into the ground

How many BTUs were consumed in the United States in 2017 by consumers that used petroleum as a fuel source?

B. 36 quadrillion BTUs

Some solar energy systems produce high-temperature water for industrial applications and produce steam to run turbines that generate electricity. What type of solar energy system is needed for these kinds of applications?

B. A solar collector system using mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight

A major limitation of using photovoltaic cells to generate electricity is that they

B. Do not produce as much electricity on cloudy days

Which of the following is the most valid inference regarding electricity production, based on the graph above?

B. Electricity production from coal began to decrease in 2008 because of the increasing use of natural gas and renewable energy.

Which of the following best describes a disadvantage of geothermal energy production?

B. Geothermal energy implementation in homes and businesses has a high upfront cost, and electricity is needed to operate pumps

Which of the following is a true statement about passive solar heating?

B. It is based in part on the principle of the greenhouse effect

If peak electricity use occurs around 2 p.m. in the Los Angeles area and avoiding brownouts is more important to the installers of the PV panels than annual energy output, which of the following PV panel systems would be best to use in the area?

B. No tracking, titled west

Which of the following is the most practical solution to maximizing energy production at wind farms while minimizing the risk to wildlife?

B. Turn off turbines during periods of maximum migration

Photovoltaic Cells produce electricity by

B. Using the suns energy to create a flow of electrons in a material

Coral bleaching can be hazardous to some fish species because

B. decomposition of corals can lead to ocean acidification

There are various stages in the formation of coal as heat and pressure are increased and moisture content is decreased. These stages, in order, are

B. peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite

which of the following statement best uses the data to support the claim that the Montreal protocol was an effective solution to a global problem

C.

A sample of radioactive waste has a half-life of 10 years and an activity level of 2 curies. After how many years will the activity level of this sample be 0.25 curie?

C. 30 Years

In the majority of less developed countries, the major source of energy for domestic use is which of the following?

C. Biomass

Which of the following best describes an advantage of burning biomass rather than burning fossil fuels in developing countries?

C. Biomass production is cheaper than fossil fuel extraction, making it more readily available for use.

Which of the following is the most successful solution to the problem of fish mortality caused by dams?

C. Building fish ladders around the dam

Which of the following substances is released by CFC's and catalyzes a chain reaction that breaks down ozone in the upper atmosphere?

C. Chlorine

Stratospheric ozone depletion is most likely to result in which of the following

C. Disruption of photosynthesis in plants

Which of the following accurately describes a fuel cell vehicle?

C. Fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor

Economic benefits of building large dams include which of the following:

C. I and III only

Which of the following best describes the effect of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on marine organisms?

C. It will decrease the availability of carbonate ions in ocean water, decreasing the ability of coral to form shells.

Which of the following is part of a positive feedback mechanism associated with climate change

C. Melting of Arctic Sea

This location is most likely to have thermal pollution as a result of electricity generation

C. Nuclear Power Plant

Which of the following is a drawback to using biofuels, such as ethanol, as a fuel source?

C. There is high energy investment in producing and processing the crops needed for ethanol production.

Which of the following fuel sources is commonly used in less developed countries because it is easily accessible?

C. Wood

Although levels of CFCs in the atmosphere are much lower than those of CO2, CFCs are still potent greenhouse gases because they

C. are much more efficient at absorbing thermal radiation

Carbon dioxide and particulates are emitted by volcanoes. Particulates form stratospheric aerosols that reflect sunlight. Which of the following best describes the impact of atmospheric carbon dioxide and stratospheric aerosols?

Carbon dioxide contributes to global warming, and aerosols cause cooling.

If Earth had no atmosphere, the mean surface temperature would be approximately -15C. With our present atmosphere, Earth's mean surface temperature is approximately +15C. Which of the following is the best explanation for this difference?

D. Absorption of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases

Which of the following would be the best location for a wind farm with ten industrial turbines?

D. Arranged uniformly on a local farm that has fields and pastureland for dairy and grain production

Which of the following best describes the primary cause of global ocean warming?

D. Increased global temperature from an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

A meltdown in which of the following structures at a nuclear power plant, such as Chernobyl, would most likely lead to the accidental release of radiation?

D. Reactor Core

Based on the diagram, which processes would provide the energy used to generate electricity at the power plant?

D. fission in radioactive fuel

The increase in mean global temperature is likely to result in all of the following EXCEPT

D. increased ground-level ultraviolet radiation

Many scientists maintain that a rise in sea level has occurred in the last 100 years as a result of global warming. If this is true, which of the following factors best explains such a rise?

D. thermal expansion of the ocean

This region has been the largest petroleum exporter for the past four decades

E. E