Apes Ch 6

If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is 0.6% 3% 16% 32% 1.6%

1.6%

If the population of a country grows at a rate of approximately 5 percent per year, the number of years required for the population to double is closest to

15 years

The medium population growth projection calls for a population of 9.3 billion people in 2050 up from the current population of 6.7 billion. What percent increase is this?

16 %

The graph illustrates the total fertility rates measured from 1950 to 2020. The total fertility rates are projected from 2020 to 2040.Based on the data in the graph, when did more-developed regions first reach replacement level fertility?

1970

The country of Sudan has an estimated annual growth rate of 2 percent. At this rate of growth, approximately how many years will it take for the population of Sudan to double?

35 years

The graph illustrates the total fertility rates measured from 1950 to 2020. The total fertility rates are projected from 2020 to 2040.Based on the data in the graph, what was the average number of children born per woman in less-developed regions in 1975?

4.7

If the population of a country is growing at a rate of 1.75 percent per year, the population will double in approximately how many years?

40 years

The following age structure diagrams were created for various counties in the United States from 2000 census data.In a given county, the population size is decreasing because there are fewer prereproductive-aged individuals in the population. Which of the age structure diagrams best illustrates the population of this county?

A

Which of the countries listed in the chart above is most likely to have limited educational opportunities for women?

A

By the year 2050, world population is expected to approach 10 billion. If the current population trends continue, which region of the world will most likely experience the majority of the growth?

Africa and Asia

Which of the below is the correct order of demographic transition states that a country experiences when industrializing?

Agrarian ð preindustrial ð transitional ð industrial

The country with the highest population density is

Bangladesh

Scientists determined that a species of a reptile dinosaur cohort had 20% survivorship during the first two years of life, but then the survivorship of those individuals that survived to age 2 had a 70% survivorship to middle age. Survivorship declined later in life. Which of the following best illustrates the shape of the survivorship curve for this species?

C

Which age-structure diagram best depicts the ages in a population that is in stage 3 of the demographic transition?

C

Which countries listed in the chart above is most likely experiencing a population decline?

C

Which of the following countries has achieved replacement-level fertility? Country C Country A Country B Country D

Country C

Which of the following age structure diagrams represents a population that most likely has a negative growth rate?

D

Which of the following best characterizes a population that is growing exponentially with time?

Doubling in size over equal increments of time

Which of the below has been utilized in both India and China to attempt to reduce population growth rates?

Family planning and education

In 1798 Thomas Malthus hypothesized the collapse of the human population. What factor proved Malthus wrong and led to the continued increases in the human population?

Food production increased at an exponential rate

Which of the following density-independent factors can affect the size of a human population?

Heat Waves

Which of the following pairs of statistics would most likely indicate the highest quality of life in a country?

High life expectancy and low infant mortality

Factors that affect the total fertility rate of a human population include which of the following? I. Cultural traditionsII. Government policies and economic incentivesIII. Education level and economic opportunities for females

I, II, and III

Based on the survivorship curves shown below, which of the following is a possible reason for the change in the shape of the curve from 1900 to 1980?

Improvements in health-care services and medical research

The country with a population about three times that of the United States is

India

Which of the following statements is best supported by the population doubling times indicated on the map?

India has a higher population growth rate than China and Australia have.

Which of the following statements best describes why birth and death rates are changing in a country that is in Phase 2 of the demographic transition?

Individuals have better sanitation and access to clean drinking water.

The most populous countries in the world are China, India, the United States and

Indonesia

which shows different phases related to the birth and death rates for a typical human population over time.Which of the following is most likely the primary cause of high death rates in phase I?

Infant and childhood mortality

Which of the following characteristics in the table best supports the claim that Country A is a more developed country and that Country B is a less developed country?

Infant mortality rate

Which of the following is a true statement about replacement-level fertility?

It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.

The graph below shows the total fertility rate in 2010 for several countries. Which of the following statements best describes the trends in the data shown in the graph above?

More-developed countries tend to have lower total fertility rates than less-developed countries.

Which of the following describes the changes in a country's demographics as it begins its transition from a preindustrial state to an industrial state?

Population increases rapidly, birth rate remains high, death rate decreases

Which of the following measures would be most likely to promote fertility above replacement level?

Public housing priority for families with more than two children

Which of the following is most typically associated with the transition from a rural to an urbanized society?

Reduced birth rates

Why is replacement-level fertility slightly higher than two children per couple?

Some children die before reaching reproductive years.

In a certain country, the birth rate is high, the death rate is high, and there are many children that are part of the workforce. The country is most likely in which of the following stages of the demographic transition?

Stage 1

During which stage of the demographic transition shown below does a population begin to experience an explosive increase in growth?

Stage 2

which shows different phases related to the birth and death rates for a typical human population over time.The rate of population growth starts to slow down at which point?

The beginning of phase III

Which of the following changes would indicate that the country is moving from the second stage into the third stage of the demographic transition?

The birth rate declines to 25.3 births per 1,000 individuals.

Which of the following best describes the change in the carrying capacity of the human population if growth is limited by conditions set forth by the Malthusian theory?

The carrying capacity will decrease, and the human population size will experience a dieback.

A small developing country with negligible rates of immigration and emigration is going through a demographic change. Thirty years ago the crude birth rate was 44 per thousand per year and the crude death rate was 17 per thousand per year. Now the crude birth rate is 16 thousand per year and the crude death rate is 5 per thousand per year. Which of the following statements about the country now is most likely to be true?

The country is at the industrial stage of the demographic transition.

A country has a birth rate of 35/1,000 individuals and a death rate of 13/1,000 individuals. The death rate was 37/1,000 individuals in 1950, 28/1,000 individuals in 1970, and 21/1,000 individuals in 1990. Which of the following statements best explains why the country has a declining death rate?

The country is in stage 2 of the demographic transition, and life expectancy has increased because of improvements in public health, sanitation, and access to food.

As a country goes through the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes place during which phase?

The industrial

Which of the following is a true statement about the total fertility of a society?

The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.

The total fertility rate in country A was 6.8 in 1980. Which of the following statements best supports the change in the total fertility rate in country A between 1980 and 2015?

The total fertility rate decreased as a result of a delay in age of first marriage and increased contraceptive use.

Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with a country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram shown above?

There is a high total fertility rate.

The following age structure diagrams were created for various counties in the United States from 2000 census data.Which of the following statements best describes the pattern seen in age structure diagram C?

There is an imbalance between males and females, with a ratio of 1.5 men to every woman in the population.

The graph illustrates the total fertility rates measured from 1950 to 2020. The total fertility rates are projected from 2020 to 2040.Which of the following best describes the trends seen in the total fertility rates for the world population from 1950 to the projected rates in 2040?

Total fertility rates declined rapidly from 1960 to 2000 because women had children later in life as a result of increased educational opportunities.

In 1950, a country had a total fertility rate of 5.9. In 2010, the total fertility rate of the country was 2.3. Which of the following is most likely the reason for the change in total fertility rate?

Women had increased educational opportunities and had children later in life.

The supply of Earth's fresh water is fixed and is being depleted at a rapid rate. Which of the following best describes the effects of a limited freshwater supply on human populations?

World food production will decrease, leading to increased famine.

In a human population, the population momentum effect is most likely to occur in cases in which a large percent of people in the population are in which age-group?

Younger than eighteen years old

According to the graph above, the global human population will mostly likely

have doubled between 1950 and 2150

Although the fertility rate for women in the United States has declined in recent years to a value below replacement level, the United States population is still increasing because of

immigration

The world population growth rate in 2015 is about 1 percent. It is expected to drop to 0.5 percent by 2050, partly because of increased access to birth control in developing nations. Another likely cause for the expected decline is

increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations

The infant mortality rate is NOT

lower in the United States than in any other country.

The crude growth rate, r, of a population is calculated by

subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate