Apes Chapter 6
If an incandescent lightbulb used for lighting has an efficiency rating of 5 percent, then for every 1.00 joule of electrical energy consumed by the bulb, which of the following is produced?
0.05 joules of light energy
A home uses ten 100-watt lightbulbs for five hours per day. Approximately how many kilowatt-hours of electrical energy are consumed in one year by using the lightbulbs?
1825
What was the approximate percent increase in consumption from 1986 to 1997 ?
20%
If the annual consumption of petroleum in the United States is about 23 barrels per capita, the total annual consumption of petroleum in the United States is closest to
6 billion barrels
Uranium-235 has a half-life of 710 million years. If it is determined that a certain amount of stored U-235 will be considered safe only when its radioactivity has dropped to 0.10 percent of the original level, approximately how much time must the U-235 be stored securely to be safe?
7.1 × 10^9 years
At the 1997 rate of consumption, about how long will the estimated 2,000 billion barrels of oil last?
75 years
Which of the following is an environmental problem associated with abandoned coal mines?
Acid drainage due to leaching of spoil heaps by rainwater
In the majority of less developed countries, the major source of energy for domestic use is which of the following?
Biomass
The source whose use is a direct cause of deforestation
Biomass
Which of the following countries has the largest coal reserves?
China
An industry uses natural gas for manufacturing and uses the waste heat to produce electricity. This is an example of which of the following processes?
Cogeneration
Which of the following energy sources is not derived directly or indirectly from solar energy?
Geothermal
Economic benefits of building large dams include which of the following? I. Storage of water for agriculture and domestic use II. Controlling floods upstream III. Production of renewable energy
I and III only
Which of the following is a true statement about passive solar heating?
It is based in part on the principle of the greenhouse effect.
Negative environmental impacts associated with large-scale hydroelectric projects have been demonstrated in which of the following areas?
James Bay, Quebec
The source that produces long-lived hazardous wastes
Nuclear Fission
The source that is not renewable
Nuclear fission
Of the following sources, which supplies the most commercial energy in the world today?
Oil
Which of the following actions would reduce global greenhouse emissions?
Replacing coal-burning power plants with wind farms
Which of the following is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use?
Requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars
The source that is converted directly into electrical energy by photovoltaic cells
Sunlight
Which statement best describes the approximate global distribution of coal supplies?
The United States, the former Soviet Union, and China together contain 50% of proven reserves.
Which of the following is most likely to occur in a forested region that has been recently clear-cut?
The concentration of nitrates in streams running through the region will increase.
Which of the following metals is considered an energy resource?
Uranium
blank
blank
blankkk
blankkk
blankss
blankss
All of the following substances are derived from petroleum EXCEPT
cellulose
One solution for reducing the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide would be to
decrease the use of fossil fuels
An advantage of using natural gas, rather than oil, as a fuel is that natural gas is
less expensive because most reserves are in the United States
There are various stages in the formation of coal as heat and pressure are increased and moisture content is decreased. These stages, in order, are
peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite
Environmentalists oppose the mining of antarctic mineral resources because
the antarctic environment is fragile and extremely vulnerable to the disturbances that would accompany development
A sustainable society would emphasize
using energy efficiently and reusing and recycling matter
