Apes test 3
Low fecundity
high survivorship, grow more slowly, invest more in bodily maintenance, reproduce later in life
if a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is
1.6%
If the population of a country grows at a rate of approximately 5 percent per year, the number of years required for the population to double is closest to
15 years
Which of the following annual population growth rates is paired with the correct doubling time?
2% . . 35 years
Population growing exponentially
A
By the year 2050, world population is expected to approach 10 billion. If the current population trends continue, which region of the world will most likely experience the majority of the growth?
Africa and Asia
Total Fertility Rate is affected by ...
Age at which females have their first child, Educational opportunities for women, Access to family planning, Government Acts and policies
Ecological Footprint:
Compares resource demands and waste production required for an individual or a society
Dandelions grow quickly and produce many seeds, ensuring that at least some plants will survive and produce seeds themselves. Which curve best represents the survivorship of dandelions?
D
Which of the following characteristics in the table best supports the claim that Country Ais a more developed country and that Country B is a less developed country?
Infant mortality rate
Which of the following is a true statement about replacement-level fertility?
It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.
Which of the following statements best describes the trends in the data shown in the graph above?
More-developed countries tend to have lower total fertility rates than less-developed countries.
Which of the following is most typically associated with the transition from a rural to an urbanized society?
Reduced birth rates
In a certain country, the birth rate is high, the death rate is high, and there are many children that are part of the workforce. The country is most likely in which of the following stages of the demographic transition?
Stage 1
During which stage of the demographic transition shown above does a population begin to experience an explosive increase in growth?
Stage 2
What two main factors would best indicate the quality of life of a country's population?
The life expectancy and the infant mortality rate
Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with a country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram shown above?
There is a high total fertility rate.
Scientists determined that a species of a reptile dinosaur cohort had 20% survivorship during the first two years of life, but then the survivorship of those individuals that survived to age 2 had a 70% survivorship to middle age. Survivorship declined later in life. Which of the following best illustrates the shape of the survivorship curve for this species?
c
The K-selection reproductive strategy maximizes survival of offspring by producing
few offspring with high levels of parental care
Although the fertility rate for women in the United States has declined in recent years to a value below replacement level, the United States population is still increasing because of
immigration
The world population growth rate in 2015 is about 1 percent. It is expected to drop to 0.5 percent by 2050, partly because of increased access to birth control in developing nations. Another likely cause for the expected decline is
increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations
K-Selected
organisms that reproduce later in life, produce fewer offspring, and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
Members of an r-selected species characteristically
reach sexual maturity quickly
Represents the biotic potential of the species
A
The diagram above illustrates how the number of individuals in a population changed with time as a result of external stresses and resource limitations. Which lettered portion of the curve most likely corresponds to the carrying capacity of the ecosystem?
A
Carrying Capacity
The maximum number of species that an ecosystem can provide
Which of the following calculation methods would determine the percent change in the crude birth rate from 1994 to 2019 ?
11.9−17.6/17.6 × 100
Which of the following best exemplifies population momentum?
Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level
Population can be affected by ...
Density independent factors (natural disasters), Density dependent factors (access to clean water/air, food availability, disease transmission)
Represents the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long-term basis
E
Which of the following best describes a density-independent factor that controls population size?
Occurrences of droughts and flooding
The tropical rain forests are known to have a large variety of animals. One example is the orchid mantis that is highly camouflaged when standing on a certain species of orchid found in tropical environments. Another species, the tropical cockroach, can live anywhere in the rain forest where it can find water and a food source. Which of the following statements best describes why it is predicted that the orchid mantis will be more affected by global climate change than the tropical cockroach will be?
Orchid mantises tend to be advantaged in habitats that remain constant; the rain forest habitat is likely to shift because of global climate change. C
In a human population, the population momentum effect is most likely to occur in cases in which a large percent of people in the population are in which age-group?
Younger than eighteen years old
A survivorship curve
is a line that displays the relative survival rates of a cohort in a population from birth to the maximum age
r-selected
organisms that reproduce early in life and often and have a high capacity for reproductive growth.
population exceeds carrying capacity, it
overshoots
