APUSH Chapter 22

Andrew Johnson had been put on Lincoln's ticket as vice president in his second term

to appeal to War Democrats and pro-Union southerners.

In the 1866 congressional elections

voters endorsed the Republican congressional approach to Reconstruction.

A primary motive for the formation of the Ku Klux Klan was

white resistance in the South to constitutional and federal legislative attempts to empower blacks politically and challenge white supremacy.

Radical congressional Reconstruction of the South finally ended when

the last federal troops were removed in 1877 and a "solid" Democratic South became politically institutionalized.

Both moderate and radical Republicans agreed that

freed slaves must be granted the right to vote.

Many feminist leaders were deeply disappointed with the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments because they

gave national citizenship rights and voting rights to African American males but not to white or black women.

Even though the Force Acts and the Union Army helped suppress the Ku Klux Klan, the secret organization largely achieved its central goal of

intimidating blacks and undermining them politically.

Radical Reconstruction state governments in the South

passed much desirable legislation and badly needed reforms such as establishing adequate public schools and launching public works.

The Fourteenth Amendment

prohibited from federal and state office those former Confederates who as federal officeholders had once sworn to uphold the U.S. Constitution.

In 1867, U.S. Secretary of State William Seward achieved the Johnson administration's greatest success in foreign relations when he

purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million.

Which of the following was not among the functions provided by the black Union League? A. Educating blacks in their civic duties B. Campaigning for Republican candidates C. Helping blacks migrate from the South to the North D. Building black churches and schools E. Recruiting militias to protect black communities from white retaliation.

C. Helping blacks migrate from the South to the North

All of the following are true statements about the Black Codes except A. blacks were forced to work under labor contracts for little money for one year. B. blacks who fled their employers could be dragged back to work by a paid "Negro-catcher." C. they restricted the conditions under which blacks could legally marry. D. blacks who fled could be made to forfeit back wages or hired out to pay their fines. E. they were designed to reproduce the master-slave relationship after slavery was abolished. PreviousNext

C. they restricted the conditions under which blacks could legally marry.

____ believed that the Southern states had completely left the Union and were therefore, "conquered provinces" that had to seek readmission on whatever economic and political terms Congress demanded.

Congressional radical Republicans

The root cause of the battle between Congress and President Andrew Johnson was

Johnson's "soft" conciliatory treatment of the white South clashed with the congressional emphasis of promoting black freedom and racial equality in the South by many Republicans in Congress.

The incident that caused the clash between Congress and President Johnson to explode into the open in February 1866 was

Johnson's veto of the bill to extend the Freedmen's Bureau.

In 1865, following the conclusion of the Civil War,

Southern blacks often began traveling to test their freedom, search for family members, and seek economic opportunity.

The first and only ex-Confederate state to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment in 1866 and thus be immediately readmitted to the Union under congressional Reconstruction was

Tennessee.

A group of Kentucky blacks provided what description of the KKK in an 1871 letter to Congress?

The KKK rode through towns at night, robbing, whipping, ravishing and killing blacks.

In President Andrew Johnson's view, the Freedmen's Bureau was

a meddlesome federal agency in the South that should be killed.

The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as

a meddlesome federal agency that threatened to upset white racial dominance.

The Ku Klux Klan could best be described as

a secret terrorist organization seeking to subjugate and terrorize blacks in the South through violent means.

The fate of the defeated Confederate leaders was that

after brief jail terms, all were pardoned in 1868.

President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction

aimed at swift restoration of the Southern states after a few moderate political conditions were met by the Southern states.

Blacks in the South relied on the Union League to

educate them on their civic duties and campaign for Republican candidates.

The greatest achievements of the Freedmen's Bureau were in

educating former slaves.

The Black Codes provided for all of the following except A. a ban on jury service by blacks. B. a restriction against black migration from the South. C. a bar on blacks from renting land. D. punishment of blacks for idleness. E. fines for blacks who jumped labor contracts.

B. a restriction against black migration from the South.

Which of these is not a true statement about women's rights activists during the Civil War and Reconstruction eras? A. Female activists saw the struggle for black freedom and women's rights as one in the same. B. During the war, many women's rights leaders worked for black emancipation first and foremost. C. The Woman's Loyal League collected 400,000 signatures supporting a constitutional amendment ending slavery. D. Women's rights activists campaigned in support of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments. E. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony sought to have the word "sex" added to the Fifteenth Amendment.

D. Women's rights activists campaigned in support of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments.

The Freedmen's Bureau was established to do all of the following except A. act as a kind of welfare agency. B. provide food, clothing, and medical care to slave refugees. C. settle former slaves with forty-acre tracts confiscated from Confederates. D. relocate blacks West or force them into labor contracts with former masters. E. provide education that would help close the gap between blacks and whites.

D. relocate blacks West or force them into labor contracts with former masters.

All of the following reveal the various ways southern blacks responded to the prospect of emancipation except A. some slaves remained loyal to plantation masters and resisted the liberating Union armies. B. some slaves insisted that whites address them as "Mr." or "Mrs." C. some slaves beat former masters with the same whips formerly used on them. D. some slaves claimed sections of plantation land as their own. E. some slaves were suspicious about whether masters were really freeing them.

D. some slaves claimed sections of plantation land as their own.

The goals of the Ku Klux Klan included all of the following except A. "keep blacks in their place"; that is, subservient to whites. B. prevent blacks from voting. C. keep white "carpetbaggers" from voting. D. support the Force Acts of 1870 and 1871. E. end radical Reconstruction.

D. support the Force Acts of 1870 and 1871.

All of the following were reasons the Senate voted to acquit President Andrew Johnson except A. opposition to abusing the constitutional system of checks and balances. B. concern about the high-tariff, soft-money, and pro-labor views of radical Republican Benjamin Wade who would become president if President Johnson were convicted by the Senate. C. fears of creating a politically destabilizing and uncertain period of time in the nation. D. President Johnson promised to obstruct some of the Republican policies in return for remaining in office. E. President Johnson promised not to run for president in 1868 if acquitted.

E. President Johnson promised not to run for president in 1868 if acquitted.

The main purpose of the Black Codes was to

ensure a stable and subservient labor supply.

For Southern blacks, emancipation following the Civil War meant all of the following except A. the ability to search for lost family. B. the right to get married. C. the opportunity to form their own churches. D. the opportunity for an education. E. maintenance in the status quo ante of the social behavior and personal relations between white Southerners and freed blacks.

E. maintenance in the status quo ante of the social behavior and personal relations between white Southerners and freed blacks.

During Reconstruction, African American women in the South assumed new political roles, which included all of the following except A. participating in black church life. B. monitoring state constitutional conventions. C. participating in political rallies. D. organizing mass meetings. E. voting in state and local elections.

E. voting in state and local elections.

The last of the Reconstruction era amendments to pass was the

Fifteenth.

From 1878 to 1880, some twenty-five thousand blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi, known as "the Exodusters", were

black freedmen who left the South to seek opportunity in Kansas.

Freedom for Southern blacks at the end of the Civil War

caused whole communities of Southern blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi to migrate westward to territories and states such as Kansas for better job opportunities.

As a politician, Andrew Johnson developed a reputation as a(n)

champion of the poor whites.

The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed

citizenship and civil rights to freed slaves.

Political corruption during Reconstruction was

common in both North and South.

Feminist leaders such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Antony campaigned against Fourteenth Amendment

despite having worked wholeheartedly for the cause of emancipation, because a citizen's right to vote was defined constitutionally as being limited to male citizens, despite being urged by their former ally, Frederick Douglass, to support the Fourteenth Amendment in order to enshrine black civil rights into the Constitution, because equal national citizenship was defined in the Constitution as limited to males. (All of these choices are correct.)

The official charge that the House of Representatives used to impeach President Johnson was his

dismissal of Secretary of War Stanton contrary to the Tenure of Office Act.

In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction, President Lincoln promised

rapid, straightforward, and readily achievable readmission of Southern states into the Union.

The Exodusters' westward mass migration finally faltered when

steamboat captains refused to transport more former slaves across the Mississippi.

At the end of the Civil War, many white Southerners

still believed that their view of secession was correct and their cause was just.

Johnson was narrowly acquitted on the impeachment charges ultimately because

sufficient numbers of Republican senators recognized that the impeachment charges were legally dubious and politically charged and voted "not guilty."

Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Bill of 1866 prompted Congress to seek passage of

the Fourteenth Amendment.

To many Northerners, the Black Codes seemed to indicate that

the arrogant South was acting as if the North had not really won the Civil War and the North had sacrificed its young men in vain.

The political controversy surrounding the Wade-Davis Bill and the readmission of the Confederate states to the Union demonstrated

the deep differences between President Lincoln and Congress concerning the political conditions and terms of Reconstruction.

In the postwar South

the economy and social structure was utterly devastated.

For congressional Republicans, one of the most troubling aspects of the Southern states' quick restoration to the Union was that

with the black population fully counted, the South would be stronger than ever in national politics and Democrats could possibly regain control of Congress in the near future.