APUSH

2-Explain ONE reaction of Native Americans to European policies.

Native Americans reacted to European policies with tribalization, or the creation of new or transformed political entities. Native Americans empowered themselves during imperial wars between European powers. The Iroquois, for example, signed "aggressive neutrality" agreements with both France and Great Britain, promising to trade with both sides but refusing to fight with either side. In return they received diplomacy gifts such as guns, lead, and clothing. Tribalization

4-Explain the relationship between the British monarchy and settlers in North America between the years 1689-1763.

Colonists started leaning towards independence. Great Awakening was a great unifying factor. European Enlightenment ideas, especially the idea of "natural rights" of individuals (including the right to self-government), gave the colonies an insight to freedom. British established the Proclamation Line of 1763, stopping settlers from going west of the Appalachians. This upset colonists who wanted to move west, and it gave them another unifying cause.

4-Explain the relationship between the British monarchy and settlers in North America between the years 1607-1660.

In 1607, the Virginia Company sent an expedition of men to North America, landing in Jamestown, Virginia. The goal of the Virginia Company was trade, not settlement. Life in Jamestown was harsh: death rates were high, and there was no gold and little food. growing tobacco as a cash crop became the basis of economic life, a source of revenue for the royal treasury, and an impetus for permanent settlement in Jamestown. h. To encourage English settlement, the Virginia Company granted land to freemen, established a land-dispersal and a local court system, and approved a system of representative government under the House of Burgesses. By 1622, English settlement in Virginia included over 4,500 new recruits

1-Explain ONE important difference between the goals of the Spanish and the English in establishing colonies in the Americas prior to 1700.

Once difference between their goals was settlement. The Spanish conquered land and established the encomienda system. They forcibly enslaved natives and justified it by saying they were trying to convert them to catholicism. England's objective was establishing settlements and forcing Native Americans out of conquered lands. England used indentured servitude as a source of labor instead. indentured servitude

2-Explain ONE difference between the policies of two European nations toward Native Americans.

Once difference between their goals was their treatment of natives. The Spanish conquered land and treated natives as slaves through the encomienda system. England's objective was establishing settlements and forcing Native Americans out of conquered lands. They used indentured servitude as a system of labor instead. Indentured servitude

5-Explain ONE factor that led to greater unity among the 13 colonies during the first half of the 1700s.

The Enlightenment in Europe played a role in giving colonists a new sense of independence. Many European Enlightenment ideas, especially the idea of "natural rights" of individuals (including the right to self-government), gave the colonies an insight to freedom. It also led to the American Enlightenment, in which people like Benjamin Franklin greatly influenced American society, and influenced American ideas of independence. Enlightenment

3-Explain how ONE specific environmental or geographical feature of the southern colonies contributed to the region's unique development before 1754.

The southern colonies had fertile soil and a long growing season. Along with a warm and moist climate, these were perfect conditions for growing cash crops. Cash crops such as tobacco, sugar, rice, etc. were grown on plantations. Since plantations required so much labor, the southern colonies relied on indentured servitude, and, eventually, African slave labor. indentured servitude

1-Explain ONE way in which the difference you indicated in (b) contributed to a difference in the development of Spanish and English colonial societies

This difference led to differences in in Spanish and English colonial societies. As a result of the encomienda system, the Spanish were more involved with the Native Americans. They created a mixed race society, and had children with the natives, known as mestizos. The English neo-european colonies were completely cut off from Native American culture and influence. They set up exclusive communities separate from the natives. neo-european

5-Explain ONE piece of evidence that shows that the colonies remained unwilling to fully unify in the mid-1700s.

the colonies remained unwilling to fully unify in the mid-1700s, because they denied unification at the Albany congress. To mend relations with the Iroquois, the British Board of Trade called a meeting at Albany in June 1754. Benjamin Franklin discussed natural rights and proposed a "Plan of Union" among the colonies to counter French expansion. The plan called for a centralized authority to manage trade, Indian policy, and colonial defense, but it did not receive serious consideration at this meeting. Natural rights

2-Explain ONE common trait in the policies of two of these European Nations toward Native Americans: England France Spain

One common trait in the policies of England and Spain towards Native Americans was the enforcement of religion. The Spanish wanted to spread catholicism, such as by establisshing missions. The the anti-catholic England wanted to challenge the catholic tyranny of Spain. For example, John Eliot, the leading Puritan missionary in New England, urged Native Americans in Massachusetts to live in "praying towns". These were established by English authorities for converted Native Americans and to adopt the Puritan emphasis on the centrality of the Bible. Puritans

1-Explain ONE important similarity between the goals of the Spanish and the English in establishing colonies in the Americas prior to 1700.

One similarity between the goals of the Spanish and English when establishing colonies prior to the 1700s was their prioritization God, gold, and glory. Each wanted to expand their empire and became more powerful because of the resources found in America. The Spanish wanted to spread catholicism, gain wealth, and make a name for themselves as a world power. The anti-catholic England wanted to challenge the catholic tyranny of Spain, gain wealth through trade, with mercantilism, and compete with other European powers, such as France and Spain. mercantilism

4-Explain the relationship between the British monarchy and settlers in North America between the years 1660-1689.

Salutary neglect—under which royal bureaucrats relaxed their supervision of internal colonial affairs, focusing instead on defense and trade—was a by-product of the political system developed by Sir Robert Walpole, a British Whig. 2. Radical Whigs argued that Walpole used patronage and bribery to create a strong Court Party. 3. Landed gentlemen argued that Walpole's high taxes and bloated, incompetent royal bureaucracy threatened the liberties of the British people. 4. Colonists, maintaining that royal governors likewise abused their patronage powers, enhanced the powers of provincial representative assemblies.

5-Explain a SECOND factor that led to greater unity among the 13 colonies during the first half of the 1700s.

The French and Indian War caused a lot of changes within the colonies. After the British won, the land they gained led to a major Indian uprising known as "Pontiac's Rebellion" against the British. After the Indian Alliance weakened, the British established the Proclamation Line of 1763, stopping settlers from going west of the Appalachians. This upset colonists who wanted to move west, and it gave them another unifying cause against the British. There was an overwhelming need for land, some migrants were forced to be squatters, they lived on land they hoped to eventually legally acquire squatters

3-Explain how ONE specific environmental or geographical feature of the middle colonies contributed to the region's unique development before 1754.

The Middle colonies had fertile soil, and they were able to grow wheat. They had a large grain export and were known as the "breadbasket" colonies. Big cities in propietorships such as Philadelphia and New York were major shipping hubs. They shipped out grains such as barley, wheat, oats, and rye. Their geography allowed them to be successful in logging, shipbuilding, and textiles production. Proprietorship

3-Explain how ONE specific environmental or geographical feature of the New England colonies contributed to the region's unique development before 1754.

The New England colonies had rocky soil. As a result, they couldn't rely on agriculture, so they developed a diverse economy and engaged in a lot of trade. England tried to control trade with the Navigation Acts. They developed lumber, shipbuilding, and fishing industries. They also formed many towns and cities, and lived closer together as a result. Navigation Acts