Apush semester 1 people, vocab, events
Who argued in a famous debate with South Carolina's Robert Hayne that the people, not the states, created the Constitution?
Daniel Webster
The North-Carolina-born free black whose Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World won widespread attention was
David Walker.
The Republican Party founded in the 1850s strongly endorsed the same policy about slavery in the territories that ____________ had begun advocating in 1846.
David Wilmot
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (didi what)
Declared the United States to be the "policeman" of the Western Hemisphere
national political parties of the second American party system were:
Democrats and Whigs
The national political parties of the second American party system were:
Democrats and Whigs.
Eli Whitney
Eli Whitney was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped the economy of the Antebellum South.
What did Neolin tell his people they must reject?
European technology and material goods
African society did not practice slavery before Europeans came.
False
Agriculture did not come to the American continents, around Mexico and Peru, until around 1000 C.E.
False
As one of the few southern white elite men that did not own slaves, Thomas Jefferson was able to honestly declare that all men had inalienable rights.
False
Because Americans were preoccupied with war, religious liberty was a rather peripheral issue in the 1770s and 1780s.
False
Columbus was Spanish.
False
Even though the days were long at New England textile factories, the girls were still allowed significant autonomy as to when they took their breaks and how long they took for lunch and dinner.
False
George Washington wore the finest English clothes at his first inauguration.
False
Henry David Thoreau celebrated the innovation of the market revolution.
False
In their Revolutionary era constitutions, all sates adopted John Adams's idea of a "balanced" government.
False
Jay's Treaty abandoned any American alliance with Britain by positioning
False
Jefferson was unsure whether African-Americans were fixed permanently in a status of inferiority
False
One significant way that blacks were able to enjoy economic independence was by settling in the West on federally provided public land.
False
Part of the philosophy of the Revolution was embracing the principle of hereditary aristocracy.
False
Seeing the events as an extension of their own progress of liberty, white
False
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did not acknowledge that the Indians owned their land
False
The Revolution of 1800 was quite violent.
False
The U.S. Constitution of 1787 defined who could and could not vote.
False
The U.S. Constitution of 1787 was America's first written constitution.
False
The Virginia Company accomplished its goals for the company and for its settlers.
False
The transatlantic slave trade was not a vital part of world commerce.
False
Thomas Jefferson's declaration that "all men are created equal" did not radically alter society.
False
True or false, He proposed a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery immediately.
False
True or false, They convinced Lincoln to delay issuing the Emancipation Proclamation.
False
Women and blacks fully enjoyed the fruits of the market revolution.
False
most African-Americans enthusiastically favored the colonization idea and moving to Africa.
False
Which of the following was NOT a way that the market revolution changed western farming?
Farmers in the Old Northwest used slave labor to expand their production.
The relationship between the national government and the states is called:
Federalism.
By 1856, the Republican Party included individuals who had been, until rather recently, members of each of the following political groups EXCEPT:
Federalists.
Which group of people took the concept of social freedom as their own, greatly expanding its meaning?
Feminists
Regulators
Formed in the mid- 1760's, they were a group of upper-class men from the backcountry of South carolina that claimed and brought to public attention that there was not much law and order in the area because of lack of courts, representation in the colony's assembly, and lack of local courts. They stated that as a result, many crimes had and were being committed, and that bands of outlaws had been forming. They claimed that the government was corrupt and that the wealthy were living at the expense of the poor through taxation and court fees.
Francis Lowell
Francis Cabot Lowell was an American businessman for whom the city of Lowell, Massachusetts is named. He was instrumental in bringing the Industrial Revolution to the United States.
Before the Civil War, who came to believe that the U.S. Constitution did not provide national protection to the institution of slavery?
Frederick Douglass
Who was once a slave, became a leader of the abolitionist movement, and published his autobiography condemning slavery and racism?
Frederick Douglass
Anthony Burns was a victim of the
Fugitive Slave Act.
How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?
Gathered in factories, they faced constant supervision and the breakdown of craftsmanship into specialized tasks.
The most famous Great Awakening revivalist minister was:
George Whitefield.
The majority of the nearly 4 million immigrants that entered the United States between 1840 and 1860 were from
Germany and Ireland.
Lincoln spoke of "a new birth of freedom" for the nation in his:
Gettysburg Address.
Why did European exploration of the New World proceed so rapidly after Columbus's discoveries?
Gutenberg's invention of the printing press enabled the rapid dissemination of information.
In a famous speech to Parliament, the British statesman Edmund Burke said what regarding a link between slavery and liberty for American colonists?
He argued that the colonists were sensitive to threats to their liberties because they were so familiar with slavery.
Why did King Henry VII break from the Catholic Church?
He did not break with the church; his son and successor Henry VIII did.
How does the Bank War demonstrate that Andrew Jackson enhanced the power of the presidency
He identified himself as the symbolic representative of all the people with his veto message that appealed directly to the public
How does the Bank War demonstrate that Andrew Jackson enhanced the power of the presidency?
He identified himself as the symbolic representative of all the people with his veto message that appealed directly to the public.
John Winthrop followed which one of the following policies toward Native Americans?
He insisted that they agree to submit to English authority.
Which of the following is NOT true of Abraham Lincoln's slavery policy during the first two years of the war?
He proposed a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery immediately.
What was President Martin Van Buren's new solution to the problem of what to do about the federal government's relationship to banking
He proposed that federal funds be controlled by government officials rather than by bankers.
What was President Martin Van Buren's new solution to the problem of what to do about the federal government's relationship to banking?
He proposed that federal funds be controlled by government officials rather than by bankers.
What was Puritan leader and Massachusetts Bay Governor John Winthrop's attitude toward liberty?
He saw two kinds of liberty: natural liberty, the ability to do evil, and moral liberty, the ability to do good.
After becoming president, how did Thomas Jefferson deal with the Federalists
He tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government.
Alexis de Tocqueville
He was a French political thinker and historian best known for his Democracy in America and The Old Regime and the Revolution.
Which of the following is NOT true of John Quincy Adams
He was a firm believer in strict construction of the Constitution
Which of the following is NOT true of John Quincy Adams?
He was a firm believer in strict construction of the Constitution.
Noah Webster
He was a lexicographer, textbook pioneer, English spelling reformer, political writer, editor, and prolific author. He has been called the "Father of American Scholarship and Education."
What happened to King Louis XVI during the French Revolution
He was executed
What happened to King Louis XVI during the French Revolution?
He was executed.
What helped to encourage Richard Allen to establish the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
He was forcibly removed from praying at the altar rail at his former place of worship.
How was Ulysses Grant received in Europe during his tour in the 1870s?
He was praised as a "Hero of Freedom."
James Monroe
He was the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825). Monroe was the last president who was a Founding Father of the United States, the third of them to die on Independence Day, and the last president from the Virginia dynasty and the Republican Generation.
The antislavery poet John Greenleaf Whittier compared reformer Abby Kelley to:
Helen of Troy, who sowed the seeds of male destruction.
Who was the author of the Compromise of 1850?
Henry Clay
Which two political figures agreed to keep the issue of annexing Texas out of the 1844 presidential campaign if possible?
Henry Clay an Martin Van Buren
The War Hawks in Congress included
Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun
The War Hawks in Congress included:
Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun
Which two political figures agreed to keep the issue of annexing Texas out of the 1844 presidential campaign if possible
Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren
Who spoke out against the Mexican-American War?
Henry David Thoreau
Who wrote "On Civil Disobedience" as a response to the U.S. war with Mexico?
Henry David Thoreau
Who wrote "on civil disobedience" as a response to the U.S. war with Mexico?
Henry David Thoreau
Who wrote On Civil Disobedience as a response against the Mexican-American War?
Henry David Thoreau
What was the significance of Robert Fulton
His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible
Which of the following puts these Civil War battles in the proper chronological order, from first to last? I. Antietam II. First Bull Run III. Spotsylvania and Cold Harbor IV. Gettysburg
II, I, IV, III
Which of the following puts these events in the proper chronological order, from first to last? I. Virginia seceded from the Union II. Abraham Lincoln was first elected president III. Confederate States of America formed IV. South Carolina seceded from the Union
II, IV, III, I
Why did John Adams believe that land ownership was vital to society?
If more people owned land, it would be less likely that fixed and unequal social classes would emerge.
McCulloch vs. Maryland
In 1819, Supreme Court case that declared the Second Bank of the United States was constitutional.
Adams-Onis Treaty
In 1819, an agreement in which Spain gave East Florida to the United States
Missouri Compromise
In 1820, an agreement that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state and outlawed slavery in any territories or states north of 36°30´ N. latitude.
Monroe Doctrine
In 1823, President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility.
Indian Removal Act
In 1830, a congressional act that authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River.
Trail of Tears
In 1838-39, an 800-mile forced march made by the Cherokee from their homeland in Georgia to Indian Territory.
Which of the following was not true of the South and slavery in nineteenth century America?
In the South as a whole, slaves made up 10 percent of the population.
Which of the following was NOT true of the South and slavery in nineteenth-century America
In the South as a whole, slaves made up only 10 percent of the population
In 1821, the opening of the Santa Fe Trail between Santa Fe and ______________ led to a reorientation of New Mexico's commerce from the rest of Mexico to the United States
Independence, Missouri
Which statement about the Indians of North America is FALSE?
Indians lacked genuine religion.
his Cherokee Nation v. Georgia opinion, Chief Justice John Marshall stated that:
Indians were wards of the federal government.
What was the name of the vibrant community of former slaves freed by Virginian Richard Randolph
Israel Hill
What was the name of the vibrant community of former slaves freed by Virginian Richard Randolph?
Israel Hill
What was the name of the vibrant community of freed Virginian slaves?
Israel Hill
How did the Revolutionary War change the meaning of freedom?
It challenged the inequality that had been fundamental to the colonial social order
All of the following statements are true of the Bill of Rights EXCEPT:
It explicitly granted states the right of secession.
Which one of the following statements is true of the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlán?
It had a complex system of canals, bridges, and dams, with the Great Temple at the center.
Which of the following is a true statement about the Atlantic slave trade's effect in West Africa?
It helped lead to the rise of militarized states in West Africa, whose large armies preyed upon their neighbors in order to capture slaves.
How did the Virginia Company reshape the colony's development?
It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage.
Why was the death rate in early Jamestown so high?
It lay beside a malarial swamp.
Which of the following is true of the Virginia Plan?
It proposed a two-house legislature, with population determining representation in each house.
What was unusual about the Embargo Act of 1807?
It stopped all American vessels from sailing to foreign ports—an amazing use of federal power, especially by a president supposedly dedicated to a weak central government.
Which of the following is true of the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794?
It was the only time in U.S. history that the president commanded an army in the field.
What attracted voters to the Know-Nothing Party?
Its denunciation of Roman Catholic immigrants.
Which of the following is NOT true of the Great Awakening?
Its more subdued style of preaching appealed to a wider audience than the older, bombastic style employed by the Puritans.
Which one of the following was true of New France?
Its population was limited at best, because France feared that a significant emigration would undermine its role as a great European power.
Why did Mississippi politician Jefferson Davis object in the 1850s to the original design of the Statue of Freedom that now adorns the U.S. Capitol dome?
Its use of an ancient Roman liberty cap on "Freedom" raised a touchy matter about slaves' longing for freedom.
All of the following men held a high executive or judicial office during George Washington's presidency EXCEPT
James Madison.
Which of the following led directly to the formation of an organized political party opposed to the Federalist Party
Jay's Treaty
Which of the following led directly to the formation of an organized political party opposed to the Federalist Party?
Jay's Treaty
During the secession crisis of 1860-1861,
Jefferson Davis took office as Confederate president on a constitution modeled closely on the one that governed the United States, from which the rebel states had just seceded.
Which of the following is true of the Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson expected the land acquisition to make possible the spread of agrarian republicanism.
Which of the following is true of the Louisiana Purchase?
Jefferson expected the land acquisition to make possible the spread of agrarian republicanism.
Which one of the following was true of French relations with Native Americans?
Jesuit missionaries tried to convert Native Americans, but gave them far more independence than did Spanish missionaries.
Virtually every founding father owned at least one slave at some point in his life. Who was a notable exception?
John Adams
In the presidential election of 1860, the two candidates who received the most votes in the southern states were:
John Breckinridge and John Bell.
In the presidential election of 1860,
John Breckinridge's nomination reflected the power that southern fireeaters wielded in the Democratic Party.
Who was responsible for the 1856 Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in Kansas and led the raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859q
John Brown
Who said that the language in the Declaration of Independence—that all men were created equal and entitled to liberty—was "the most false and dangerous of all political errors"?
John C. Calhoun
who wrote Exposition and Protest and emerged by the early 1830s as the most prominent spokesman for the right of nullification?
John C. Calhoun
John C. Calhoun
John Caldwell Calhoun was a leading politician and political theorist from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century. Calhoun eloquently spoke out on every issue of his day, but often changed positions.
Which Union general in Missouri decreed freedom to that state's slaves in 1861, a year before Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation?
John Frémont
The Republican presidential candidate in 1856 was:
John Frémont.
John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams was the sixth president of the United States. He served as an American diplomat, Senator, and Congressional representative.
All of the following were provisions within the Compromise of 1850 except
Kansas and Nebraska would enter the Union as a slave state and a free state, respectively.
The American Colonization Society promoted the gradual abolition of slavery and the settlement of black Americans to
Liberia.
The _____ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement.
Liberty Party
____________ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement.
Liberty Party
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Like the Land Ordinances of 1784 and 1785, a measure approved by Congress to clarify how Western land would be dealt with. This Land Ordinance was specially created to confirm that land North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi would no longer be ruled under an uninvolved, disorganized colonial power but rather become part of one, strong nation and political system designed to protect the rights of citizens. It said that the land would gradually be divided into individual states, thus guaranteeing that territorial expansion and self-government would grow together.
Who was defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794?
Little Turtle
Which one of the following is true of Spanish emigrants to the New World?
Many of the early arrivals came to direct Native American labor.
Which statement about Nat Turner's Rebellion is true?
Many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion
Which of the following is true of the American response to Toussaint L'Ouverture's slave uprising, which led to the establishment of Haiti as an independent nation in 1804?
Many white Americans considered L'Ouverture's uprising to be evidence of blacks' unfitness for republican freedom.
Which one of the following is true of freedom in New Netherland?
Married women retained a legal identity separate from that of their husbands.
In 1517, the German priest _______________ began the Protestant Reformation by posting his Ninety-Five Theses, which accused the Catholic Church of worldliness and corruption.
Martin Luther
Which colony required each community of 50 or more families to provide a teacher of reading and writing?
Massachusetts
In 1854, the Know-Nothings won all the congressional races as well as the governorship in
Massachusetts.
What brought a flood of people to California in the late 1840s and early1850s?
Massive immigration from China and Japan
Which denomination enjoyed the largest membership in the United States by the 1840s?
Methodist
The term "Californios" referred in the 1830s and 1840s to __________ in California.
Mexican cattle ranchers
The term "Californios" referred in the 1830s and 1840s to ____________ in California.
Mexican cattle ranchers
term "Californios" referred in the 1830s and 1840s to ____________ in California.
Mexican cattle ranchers
Which political entity had abolished slavery and declared persons of Spanish, Indian, and African origin equal before the law?
Mexico
Why was a second Missouri Compromise necessary?
Missouri's state constitution barred free blacks from entering the state.
Which of the following does NOT describe those who attended the Constitutional Convention?
Most had earned their wealth after rising from humble origins.
In the economic exchanges between the English colonists and eastern Native Americans:
Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists' goods.
Which of the following was NOT a technique that Spanish conquistadores used to conquer Native American empires?
Negotiating treaties
Which of the following correctly pairs the reform community with the state in which it was located
New Harmony: Indiana
Which state's constitution granted suffrage to all "inhabitants" who met a property qualification, allowing property-owning women to vote until an 1807 amendment limited suffrage to males?
New Jersey
New Lights vs. Old Lights
New Lights brought new ideas, rejected by Old Lights; both sought out institutions independent of each other
The Erie Canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the Northwest
New York
The Erie Canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the Northwest?
New York
In Gibbons v. Ogden, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that:
New York could not grant a monopoly on steamboat navigation between New York and New Jersey.
John Cabot sailed to:
Newfoundland.
Who was the president of the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?
Nicholas Biddle
Which of the following stories did NOT play a central role in black Christianity
Noah and the ark
Which of the following stories did not play a central role in black Christianity?
Noah and the ark
James Polk's campaign promises
None of the above
What qualifications did the Constitution ratified in 1787 impose for voting?
None; it left voting rules to the states.
The major Confederate army in the East, commanded by Robert E. Lee, was called the Army of:
Northern Virginia.
Treaty of Greenville
Occurred in 1795, directly after Little Turtle and his Miami Confederacy were defeated. Rather than be further troubled or conquered by the United States army, twelve Indian tribes from the Ohio River Valley ceded a great expanse of land extending from present day Minnesota to present day Ohio and Michigan. The federal government now had a huge chunk of land in its hands that it could use to its advantage to decrease population density on the East coast, sell for money to pay back debts owed to Britain and other European countries, and have farmers labour on to boost the economy of the newly formed nation. The treaty also included the "annuity" system.
What American naval officer negotiated a treaty that opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships in 1854?
Oliver H. Perry
Benedict Arnold
One of general George Washington's best commanders who nearly turned over to the British side of the Revolutionary War and almost turned over the important American fort at West Point on the Hudson River to the British Army.
Three-fifths clause
One of the impacts of South Carolina's principles and ideas of slavery on government. Many questions arose with the creation of the Constitution, and one of them how the people should be represented in the U.S. government. When it was decided that the number of representatives for each state would be determined by the state's size, many Southern states like South Carolina claimed that their slaves were people and so therefore should be included in the final population numbers. This was because many of them had more African Americans than they did whites, and so worried that they would have the smallest voices in the government if only free citizens counted as people. The Northern states, however, they fearing too that they would be outcompeted in number in the House by the Southern states came up with their own opposing claim: Blacks, quite to the contrary, did not count as people. The three-fifths clause was a compromise between the two claims. It stated that African Americans counted as three-fifths of a person in total population calculations.
"fifty-four forty or fight" referred to demands for American control of:
Oregon
"Fifty-four forty or fight" referred to
Oregon.
"Fifty-four forty or fight" referred to demands for American control of:
Oregon.
Fifty-four forty or fight" referred to demands for American control of:
Oregon.
Which one of the following statements about Spanish America is true?
Over time, Spanish America evolved into a hybrid culture—part Spanish, part Indian, and, in some areas, part African.
"Annuity" system
Part of the Treaty of Greenville of 1795 that allowed the United States federal government to have more control, power, and authority over the lives of Native Americans still living in the West. In exchange for their institutionalization of continued government influence in tribal affairs, and to hand over more control to outsiders over Native American ways of living, each complying tribe received yearly grants of federal money.
What enabled slave owners to think of themselves as kind, responsible masters even as they bought and sold their human property?
Paternalism
In an 1840 letter written from Canada, fugitive slave Joseph Taper asked for divine blessings upon:
Queen Victoria
Who believed that freedom was an open-ended process of self-realization by which individuals could remake themselves and their own lives?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Which one of the following is true of religion in seventeenth-century Europe?
Religious uniformity was thought to be essential to public order.
What problem with cotton did Eli Whitney solve by inventing the cotton gin
Removing seeds from the cotton was a slow and painstaking task, but Whitney made it much easier and less labor-intensive.
Who was offered a command in the Union army, but declined because of his devotion to his native state?
Robert E. Lee
Robert Fulton
Robert Fulton was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing the first commercially successful steamboat.
Which of the following countries did NOT go through some kind of popular upheaval in 1848?
Russia
To what western city did the Mormons finally migrate?
Salt Lake City
At the end of their trek in the mid-1840s, Mormons led by Brigham Young founded:
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Anti-Federalists included:
Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry.
Samuel F.B Morse
Samuel Finley Breese Morse was an American contributor to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs, co-inventor of the Morse code, and an accomplished painter.
The sale and trade of slaves within the United States is called the
Second Middle Passage.
Which Indian nation fought a war with the U.S. army from 1835 to 1842 to resist removal to the West
Seminole
Which of the following was the least frequent form of slave resistance?
Serious crimes such as arson, poisoning, and assault
James Polk had four clearly defined goals when he entered the White House. Which was not one of his goals?
Settle the slavery dispute
Which of the following is a true statement relative to the Upper South and the Deep South?
Several Upper South states did not join the Confederacy at the time of the Civil War.
All of the following are true of Margaret Fuller EXCEPT
She was the first feminist leader educated at a major college.
What settlement in Africa did the British establish for former slaves from the United States?
Sierra Leone
Which of the following statements is true of New Orleans under Spanish rule?
Slave women had the right to go to court for protection against cruelty or rape by their owners.
The 1860 Republican platform stated all of the following EXCEPT
Slavery should be abolished in the nation's capital.
Which of the following statements about slavery and the law is true?
Slaves accused of serious crimes were entitled to their day in court, although they faced all-white judges and juries.
How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?
Some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters.
of the following is true of women and political life in the new republic of the 1790s?
Some women contributed to a growing democratization of political life by arguing for increased rights for their sex
Which of the following is true of women and political life in the new republic of the 1790s?
Some women contributed to a growing democratization of political life by arguing for increased rights for their sex.
How did southern states react tot he Constitution's provisions regarding slavery?
South Caroline and Georgie immediately began importing increased numbers of Africans, because in twenty years, the international slave trade could be constitutionally prohibited.
What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North?
Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North.
Which of the following is true of Lafayette's 1824 visit to the United States?
Southern states banned "persons of color" from ceremonies honoring him.
The "quasi-war" was a war of the United States against
Spain
According to Bartolomé de Las Casas:
Spain had caused the deaths of millions of innocent people in the New World.
Which of the following did NOT contribute to the American acquisition of Florida from Spain?
Spain's loss of Haiti in a slave rebellion, which rendered Florida imperially unimportant
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of
State's rights
What encouraged the building of factories in coastal towns such as New Bedford and even large inland cities such as Chicago by the 1840s?
Steam power meant factories no longer had to be near waterfalls and rapids to generate the power.
Who saw himself as the new leader of the Senate after the deaths of John Calhoun, Henry Clay and Daniel Webster?
Stephen Douglas
Who was the author of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Stephen Douglas
Why did slavery become more central to American politics in the 1840s?
Territorial expansion raised the question of whether new lands should be free or slave.
What was commonly believed about prisons and asylums during the age of reform?
That they could become an environment for rehabilitation, releasing "cured" patients back into society
Which of the following is true of American national identity as envisioned by the Constitution of 1787?
The "people" were free Americans; Native Americans and "other persons," meaning African-American slaves, were not considered part of the political nation.
Why did Puritans decide to emigrate from England in the late 1620s and 1630s?
The Church of England was firing their ministers and censoring their writings.
Which of the following was not used by southerners to justify their proslavery ideology?
The Declaration of Independence
Opponents to slavery's expansion organized what political party in 1848?
The Free Soil Party
How did French involvement in the fur trade change life for Native Americans?
The French were willing to accept Native Americans into colonial society.
In 1829, Lydia Maria Child wrote a popular book called
The Frugal Housewife.
Why did the United States become a one-party nation following the War of 1812
The Hartford Convention's allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Party's reputation
Why did the United States become a one-party nation following the War of 1812?
The Hartford Convention's allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Party's reputation.
Which of the following is NOT a check against presidential power in the Constitution?
The House can remove the president from office after impeaching him.
William Lloyd Garrison published an abolitionist newspaper called
The Liberator.
Which statement about the Mormons is false?
The Mormons were founded in the 1820s by Brigham Young.
What did slaves follow to get escape north?
The North Star
What called for the United States to seize Cuba?
The Ostend Manifesto
Which of the following statements related to the Second Great Awakening is FALSE?
The Second Great Awakening popularized Deism.
Which of the following was NOT a way in which westward movement affected the South?
The South had to develop a highly effective railroad system to transport goods from west to east
Which of the following was NOT true of the South and its economy in the period from 1800 to 1860?
The South produced nearly two-fifths of the nation's manufactured goods, especially cotton textiles.
How did Spain justify enslaving Native Americans?
The Spanish believed that enslavement could liberate Native Americans from their backwardness and savagery and introduce them to Christian civilization.
What was the significance of the case of Marbury v. Madison?
The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review.
Which of the following is true of how the U.S. government in the 1790s dealt with Native Americans?
The U.S. government made treaties with them mainly to transfer land to itself or to the states.
What policy did the new United States pursue in its dealings with Native Americans?
The U.S. government set out to dispossess the Native Americans of their remaining rich lands and drive them westward.
Which of the following was NOT a result of the War of 1812
The United States gained land in what is now Maine, Vermont, Michigan, and Minnesota as well as all of modern Florida.
of the following is an example of the political impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
The Whig Party collapsed, and many disgruntled northerners joined the new Republican Party.
Which is NOT true about the Whigs?
The Whigs' strongest support came from the lower Northwest and the southern backcountry.
How did the War for Independence affect anti-Catholicism in America?
The alliance with France, a predominantly Catholic country, helped diminish American anti-Catholicism
Which of the following is NOT an example of the significance of Eli Whitney's cotton gin
The completion of the Erie Canal allowed the transportation of thousands of pounds of cotton per day.
Which statement about corporations is FALSE?
The corporation was not a vital component in the new market economy
Battle of Fallen Timbers
The defeat of Little Turtle and the Miami Confederacy he led. This was a great victory for Anthony Wayne, his troops, the American government, and the American settlers overall because one of the most powerful, vengeful Native American groups had been eliminated, leaving room for peace and space for white settlers. Conflicts with the Indians were a constant occupation of Frontiersman and other whites, and so for the United States army to finally eradicate a major part of the conflict was a huge reassurance to farmers seeking a better life and economic opportunity in the West.
Crispus Attucks
The first colonist to be shot in the Boston Massacre. He had been an ordinary sailor of mixed Indian-African-white ancestry but after loosing his life was remembered thereon-after as "the first martyr of the American Revolution".
Why was the original House of Representatives so small, with only sixtyfive members?
The founders assumed that only prominent individuals could win elections in large districts, and that is what the founders wanted.
Which statement about the western settlements is FALSE?
The government discouraged western settlement at every turn
Why did apprenticeship and indentured servitude decline after the Revolution?
The lack of freedom inherent in apprenticeship and indentured servitude struck growing numbers of Americans as incompatible with republican citizenship.
How did the abolitionist movement that arose in the 1830s differ from earlier antislavery efforts
The later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately.
At the beginning of the Civil War, Southerners expressed the expectations that
The materialism of the North would prevent Northerners from fighting an idealistic war. Great Britain would intervene on the side of the South in order to preserve its source of cotton. Northern unity in the struggle against the Southern states would eventually break. The justice of the South's cause would prevail.
Which statement about the Mormons, a group founded by Joseph Smith, is FALSE?
The mormons were founded in the 1840s as an offshoot of Methodism
Which of the following contributed to the poor American performance in the War of 1812?
The nation was deeply divided about whether to go to war.
Which of the following was not a provision of the Compromise of 1850?
The newly created territories would vote on whether to allow slavery.
How did the abolitionist movement that started anew in the late 1820s and early 1830s differ from its predecessor?
The nineteenth-century movement drew on the religious fervor of the Second Great Awakening.
"Open immigration"
The policies put into affect in the 1790s which, historians inaccurately state, allowed for more immigrants to come to America and contribute to the new countries growth and variety. Truthfully, immigration at the time was actually quite restricted, and the term "free white persons" restricted the variety of immigrants rather than expanded it. Prostitutes, convicted felons, lunatics, blacks, and other people were excluded from the "open immigration" system and were forced to return to their original countries.
Which of the following was NOT an objection raised by critics of Hamilton's proposals?
The proposals would prevent the development of manufacturing, and manufacturing was vital to America's future.
By the 1840s, what was most open to women?
The public sphere
Republican motherhood
The role of women after the American Revolutionary War as instructors to their children. As opposed to previous views on their sex and ability, they were seen more as significant figures in politics and government in that time, even though they still did not have their full set of rights. Men saw them as important role models for their children, especially theirs sons who would hopefully become active citizens when they grew into manhood. The idea of republican motherhood also allowed for women to receive more education and knowledge so that they could pass down what they learned to future generations of Americans.
Which statement describing the slave family is accurate?
The slave family allowed for the transmission of slave culture from one generation to the next.
Which statement about Revolutionary Pennsylvania is FALSE?
The state's new constitution gave only limited power to the state's governor.
Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Compromise of 1850?
The territories of New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada would be created.
The idea of Manifest Destiny included
The use of land for settled agriculture was preferable to its use for nomadic hunting. Westward expansion was both inevitable and beneficial. God had selected America as a chosen land and people. The ultimate extent of the American domain was to be from the tropics to the Arctic.
A young minister converted by the evangelical preacher Charles G. Finney, ____________ helped to create a mass constituency for abolitionism by training speakers and publishing pamphlets.
Theodore Weld
If William Lloyd Garrison was antislavery's most notable propagandist, _____ helped to create its mass constituency.
Theodore Weld
In his last speech, Lincoln said what regarding postwar policy?
There should be at least limited black suffrage.
How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state?
They allowed church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to establish a church and levy a tax to support the minister.
How did reformers reconcile their desire to create moral order with their quest to enhance personal freedom?
They argued that too many people were "slaves" to various sins and that freeing them from this enslavement would enable them to compete economically.
Which of the following was not a characteristic of the Shakers?
They believed in "complex marriage," which allowed any man and woman to engage in sexual relations.
Why did the founding fathers create the electoral college?
They did not trust ordinary voters to choose the president and vice president directly.
What role did Native Americans play in the Revolutionary War?
They divided in allegiance, just as white Americans did.
Which of the following is NOT true about the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?
They never reached the Pacific coast.
Which statement about Shakers is FALSE?
They practiced "complex marriage" and publicly recorded sexual relations.
Which statement about Shakers is false?
They practiced "complex marriage" and recorded sexual relations in a public record book.
What role did rising prices play during the Revolution?
They prompted protests by Americans, especially women, who took goods from merchants whom they accused of hoarding
How did the abolitionists link themselves to the nation's Revolutionary heritage?
They seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.
Which of the following is true of how the leaders of the new nation viewed settlers moving west across the Appalachians in the 1780s?
They shared their British predecessors' fears that frontier settlers would fight constantly with Native Americans.
How did the Dutch manifest their devotion to liberty?
They supported freedom of religion in their colony.
What explains why the idea that the "plain folk" of the Old South felt a bond with the plantation elite is false?
They were slaveholders too.
Who wrote Notes on the State of Virginia?
Thomas Jefferson
Who wrote that he hoped that the purchase of Louisiana would lead to the transplanting of all the Indians from east of the Mississippi to west of the Mississippi?
Thomas Jefferson
The 1796 election pitted John Adams and Thomas Pinckney against
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr.
The 1796 election pitted John Adams and Thomas Pinckney against:
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr.
Which of the following is NOT true of the presidential election of 1800
Thomas Jefferson's victory in the New England states proved to be key to his election.
Which of the following statements related to ethnicity was true in California in the 1850s?
Thousands of Indian children were declared orphans and treated as slaves.
Secede
To break away from.
Which issue divided colonial governors appointed by the king and legislatures elected by colonists?
To deal with a scarcity of gold and silver coins, legislatures supported printing paper money despite opposition from the governors.
Which statement about gender relations is FALSE for most Native American societies?
Tribal leaders were almost always women.
Why did Jefferson use the U.S. navy against North African states?
Tripoli had declared war on the United States after Jefferson had refused demands for increased payments to the Barbary pirates.
"Freedom" had not played a major part in Indians' vocabulary before the Revolution, but after, freedom meant defending their own independence and retaining possession of their land.
True
Abolitionists were among the first to appreciate the key role of public opinion in a mass democracy, focusing their efforts on awakening the nation to the moral evil of slavery.
True
Africans had experience cultivating rice in Africa and helped the English settlers grow it in the South.
True
As the market revolution took on steam, some critics described wage labor as the very essence of slavery.
True
Because an English law forbade the export of machinery blueprints, Samuel Slater memorized the plans for the power-driven spinning jenny before immigrating to America.
True
Congress nearly passed a clause in the Ordinance of 1784 that would have prohibited slavery throughout the West.
True
English settlers believed land was the basis of liberty.
True
For middle-class women in the nineteenth century, not working was viewed as a badge of freedom.
True
John O'Sullivan coined the term "manifest destiny" to describe America's divinely appointed mission to settle all of North America.
True
Slave artisans played a prominent role in Gabriel's Rebellion.
True
Some contemporaries spoke of British America as a "rising empire" that would one day eclipse the mother country in population and wealth.
True
The English increasingly viewed America as a land where a man could control his own labor and thus gain independence.
True
The Indians of North America believed that land was a common resource and the basis of economic life.
True
The Indians, although diverse, all seemed to observe religious ceremonies centered around hunting or farming.
True
The Second Great Awakening both took advantage of the market revolution and criticized its excesses.
True
The Twelfth Amendment required electors to cast separate votes for president and vice president
True
The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in transportation and communication.
True
The irony that America cried for liberty while enslaving Africans was not lost on some British observers like Dr. Samuel Johnson
True
The men who led the Revolution from start to finish were, by and large, members of the American elite.
True
The property qualification for voting was hotly debated during the 1770s and 1780s.
True
The war of Independence weakened the deep tradition of American anti-catholicism.
True
Until New Jersey added the word "male" to its constitutional definition of a voter in 1807, some of the state's women enjoyed suffrage rights.
True
so adamant was he about separating church and state, James Madison opposed the appointment of chaplains to serve Congress and the military.
True
Under the Treaty of Greenville of 1795:
Twelve indian tribes ceded most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government.
Land Ordinances of 1784 and 1785
Two measures approved by Congress to determine how Western land would be sold, distributed and settled. In the late 1700s, disorder amongst Frontiersmen and constant conflicts with neighboring Native Americans caught the attention of the U.S. government. To solve these problems, they set about establishing the ordinances in 1784 and 1785, clearly defining the extension of white settlement and who was to get what property. More specifically, the Land Ordinance of 1784 divided Western territory into districts that would be more authoritatively controlled by Congress and later admitted as states into the nation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was designated towards the sales of these districts, or townships, and determined to whom each "section" would be allotted.
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 provided for all of the following EXCEPT
U.S. control of all of the Oregon Country.
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 provided for all of the following EXCEPT:
U.S. control of all of the Oregon Country.
The famous Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during the campaign for
U.S. senator from Illinois in 1858.
Which statement about the Kansas-Nebraska Act is false?
Ultimately it had little impact on national life.
What book was to some extent modeled on the autobiography of fugitive slave Josiah Henson?
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Which of the following statements about religious life among African-Americans in southern cities is true?
Urban free blacks sometimes formed their own churches
The constitution of which state eliminated all property and tax qualifications for voting in 1777?
Vermont
After an 1831 slave rebellion, which state's legislature debated, but did not approve, a plan for gradual emancipation of slaves in that state
Virginia
In the period 1890-1915, what was true about African Americans
Voting rights previously gained were denied through changes in state laws and constitutions. African American leaders disagreed on the principal strategy for attaining equal rights. Numerous African Americans were lynched, and mob attacks on African American individuals occurred in both the North and the South. African Americans from the rural South migrated to both southern and northern cities.
Olive Branch Petition
Was addressed by Congress to George the III, King of England, in July of 1775, during the beginning of the Revolutionary War. Oddly enough, it stated that the American colonies were still loyal to the British crown and that they hoped to eventually reconcile with the mother-country. In a sense, the newly established Congress was still pleading with Britain for their rights to avoid the bloodshed that they knew would probably come with total warfare.
Declaration of Independence
Was approved on July 4th of 1776 by Congress. It had been written by Thomas Jefferson and then revised several times by Congress. In fact, Jefferson had originally written a clause restricting slavery, but it was later removed from the document by Congress to the insistence of Georgia and South Carolina, which largely depended on the slave trade for economic power. The deceleration mostly covered the natural rights of mankind and the people's authority to abolish an oppressive government, which in that case was Great Britain's Parliament and crown, asserting the right of the colonists to lead a revolution. Many other countries were later inspired by this founding document to gain their own independence.
Treaty of Paris
Was concluded in September of 1783 in Paris, France by American and British negotiators. With it came American independence, creating the Western Hemisphere's first independent nation, and the expansion of American territory. It also stated that colonists who had been on the British side during the Revolutionary War would not be persecuted and that their property that had been taken away from them would be returned.
Whose 1840 presidential campaign portrayed him as a common man who was born in a log cabin and liked to drink hard cider?
William Henry Harrison
The English finally became successful in defeating the French in the Seven Years' War under the leadership of:
William Pitt.
Which statement about women in the early Virginia colony is FALSE?
Women consisted of about half the white population.
Daughters of Liberty
Women who spun and wove cloth during the 1768 Townshend Duties boycott.
Notes on the State of Virginia
Written by Thomas Jefferson, it was a book published in 1785 that talked about his position on slavery and freedom in America. It is today a well-known document for a comparison of the races in the late 18th century. In his book, Jefferson took the position of an abolitionist, yet made some rather striking statements about the personalities of African Americans, and believed that they could not stay in the country if people wanted the nation to continue to be peaceful and progress towards social, political, and economic success. Having written the Declaration of Independence, he realized that there was an irony to slave-owning when Patriots had fought so hard from their own freedom. Yet he wondered at the reason behind the skin color of blacks and concluded that it must have been assigned to them by the Creator to extinguish any visible emotional feeling that made a person distinct.
Utopian communities were unlikely to attract much support because most Americans
a and b
The Mayflower Compact established:
a civil government for the Plymouth colony.
John Locke's political philosophy stressed:
a contract system between the people and the government.
The organized abolitionist movement split into two wings in 1840, largely over:
a dispute concerning the proper role of women in antislavery work.
organized abolitionist movement split into two wings in 1840, largely over
a dispute concerning the proper role of women in antislavery work.
According to John O'Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to:
a divine mission.
What was a "bloomer" in the 1850s
a feminist style of dress
The Mayflower Compact could best be described as
a foundation for self-government
Sacajawea was:
a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Andrew Jackson's inauguration was
a large, rowdy event
Andrew jackson's inauguration was:
a large, rowdy event
Andrew Jackson's inauguration was:
a large, rowdy event.
Which of the following was NOT part of Alexander Hamilton's financial program?
a national capital city with experimental manufacturing
of the following was NOT part of Alexander Hamilton's financial program
a national capital city with experimental manufacturing
A major part of the Anaconda Plan was:
a naval blockade of the South.
Clement Vallandigham was:
a northern politician banished to the Confederacy.
In his "Thoughts on Government" (1776), John Adams advocated state constitutions that provided for:
a powerful governor and a two-house legislature that reflected the division of society between wealthy and ordinary men.
In his Thoughts on Government (1776), John Adams advocated state constitutions that provided for:
a powerful governor and a two-house legislature that reflected the division of society between wealthy and ordinary men.
The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer regiment is best known as:
a regiment of free blacks who charged Fort Wagner, South Carolina.
Benjamin Banneker was
a scientist who helped survey the new national capital
The 1741 panic in New York City that led to 34 executions was sparked by:
a series of fires.
What did South Carolina promise every white volunteer at the war's end?
a slave
Jumping over a broomstick was a ceremony celebrating
a slave marriage
Jumping over a broomstick was symbolic for
a slave marriage.
Celia was:
a slave tried for killing her master while resisting a sexual assault.
What was the annuity system involving the U.S. government and certain Indian tribes?
a system under which the federal government gave annual monetary grants to Indians
Coverture" refers to:
a woman surrendering her legal identity when she marries.
Joseph Cinqué led a slave rebellion:
aboard the Amistad.
Americans were attracted to Texas in the 1820s because of the
abundance of land for farming.
The key holding of the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Ex parte Milligan was that:
accused persons must be tried before civil courts where there were open rather than military tribunals.
"Republicanism" in the eighteenth-century Anglo-American political world emphasized the importance of ____________ as the essence of liberty.
active participation in public life by property-owning citizens
The caning of Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks
actually helped the new Republican Party.
The caning of Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks:
actually helped the new republican party
Manifest Destiny included all of the following justifications for expansion except
additional land was needed for slavery to survive.
During the early days of the war, the U.S. Congress adopted a resolution proposed by Senator John Crittenden of Kentucky that:
affirmed that the Union had no intention of interfering with slavery.
Southerners John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh
agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but a positive good.
John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh
agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but something actually positive and good.
Opponents of Hamilton's economic plan
agreed to a compromise that included placing the national capital in the South
Opponents of Hamilton's economic plan:
agreed to a compromise that included placing the national capital in the South.
Bennet Barrow's advice to slaveowners on slave discipline (based on rules for slaves at his highland plantation in Louisiana) included all of the following EXCEPT:
allow slaves to grow some of their own food to cut down on costs
task labor:
allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done
Task labor
allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done.
The Fugitive Slave Act
allowed the federal government to override state and local authorities.
Pontiac's Rebellion:
although named for an Ottawa warrior, owed its origins as much to the teachings of a religious prophet.
Roger Williams is best known in American history as
an early champion of religious freedom
The task system:
assigned slaves daily jobs and allowed them free time upon completion of those jobs.
Concerns addressed during the "Hundred Days" of the New Deal
banking regulation unemployment relief agricultural adjustment homeowner mortgage support
The connection between the abolitionist movement and the idea of civil liberties
became clearer to more Americans after the murder of abolitionist editor Elijah Lovejoy.
Jacob Astor, who seemed to exemplify the "self-made man
became wealthy trading goods between the United States and China.
John Jacob Astor, who seemed to exemplify the "self-made man":
became wealthy trading goods between the United States and China.
In the immediate aftermath of independence, how did Congress justify its claim that at least some Indians had forfeited their rights to their lands?
because they had aided the British during the war
The Great Awakening
began by Edwards to return to Puritanism, increased overall religious involvement, gave women more active roles in religion, more and more ministers sprouted up throughout the country; mainly affected towns and cities
Captains of industry like steel magnate Andrew Carnegie and oil man John D. Rockefeller:
began creating or consolidating their fortunes during the Civil War.
During the Civil War, northern white women:
began obtaining jobs as government clerks.
Deists
believed that God created the universe to act through natural laws; Franklin, Jefferson, Paine
in the 1780s, settlers in Western areas such as tennessee and Kentucky:
believed they had a aright to take possession of western lands and use them as they saw fit.
The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers
benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.
The North's economic connection to southern slavery
benefited the elite of coastal cities, but few others.
who wrote a petition to congress as the president of the pennsylvania abolition society, calling for the ending of slavery?
benjamin franklin
William Lloyd Garrison argued in Thoughts on African Colonization, that
blacks were not "strangers" in America to be shipped abroad, but rather they were already part of American society and thus should stay.
William Lloyd Garrison argued in Thoughts on African Colonization that
blacks were not "strangers" in America to be shipped abroad, but should be recognized as a permanent part of American society.
Stephen Douglas's motivation for introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to
boost efforts to build a transcontinental railroad.
Stephen Douglas's motivation for introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to:
boost efforts to build a transcontinental railroad.
The Pilgrims were also known as Separatists because they
broke all ties with the Church of England
The Second Bank of the United States was created:
by Congress in 1816, with the support of President Madison.
The Declaration of Sentiments was made
by the women at the Seneca Falls Convention.
In response to the demand for internal improvements, President James Madison:
called for a constitutional amendment to empower the federal government to build roads and canals.
What improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century
canals and steamboats
What improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century?
canals and steamboats
Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan were similar as presidential candidates in that both
capitalized on their status as Washington outsiders
Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan were similar as presidential candidates in that both
capitalized on their status as Washington outsiders
Jefferson's Embargo Act
caused economic depression within the United States
Jefferson's Embargo Act:
caused economic depression within the United States.
Amid the spirit of manifest destiny, the idea of race
ceased to be amorphous and became much more carefully defined.
The Brer Rabbit stories of slave folklore
celebrated how the weak could outsmart the more powerful.
During the eighteenth century, British patriotism:
celebrated individual freedom and the rule of law.
The National Organization for Women (NOW) was founded in 1966 in order to
challenge sex discrimination in the workplace
Robert Owen's community, New Harmony,
championed women's rights and education.
By the late 1830s, the South's proslavery argument:
claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress.
The South's proslavery argument
claimed that slavery was essential to human progress, economically and culturally.
Slave religion
combined African traditions and Christian beliefs
slave religion:
combined african traditions and christian beliefs
Denmark Vesey
combined aspects of American and African culture.
Edmond Genet was a French diplomat who:
commissioned American ships to fight the British.
The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments:
condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women
The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments
condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.
The Seneca Falls women's rights convention
condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.
French Canada:
consisted mainly of male colonists.
Dorothea Dix devoted her life to crusade for the
construction of humane mental hospitals for the insane.
Dorothea Dix devoted much time to the crusade for the:
construction of humane mental hospitals for the insane.
The American Temperance Society was established in 1826, and by 1840,
consumption of alcohol per person had fallen substantially.
In the early to mid-nineteenth century, property qualifications for voting:
continued in Virginia because large slaveholders dominated the state's politics.
the wake of the War of 1812, younger Republicans like Henry Clay and John Calhoun:
continued to support agrarianism, but believed that the nation's economic independence required a manufacturing sector
In the wake of the War of 1812, younger Republicans like Henry Clay and John Calhoun:
continued to support agrarianism, but believed that the nation's economic independence required a manufacturing sector.
The Oneida community
controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce
The oneida community:
controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce
The Oneida Community
controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce.
The death of Elijah Lovejoy in 1837
convinced many northerners that slavery was incompatible with white Americans' liberties.
The Dred Scott decision
cost the Supreme Court a great deal of the respect with which northerners held it.
In the nineteenth century, what product was the world's major crop produced by slave labor?
cotton
What was the most important export from the United States by the midnineteenth century?
cotton
During the first half of the nineteenth century, free black Americans
could not, under federal law, obtain public land.
Abolitionists challenged stereotypes about African-Americans by
countering the pseudoscientific claim that they formed a separate species.
Abolitionists challenged stereotypes about African-Americans by:
countering the pseudoscientific claim that they formed a separate species.
The stance of the writers associated with the literary flowering of the 1920s, such as Sinclair Lewis and F. Scott Fitzgerald typically...
criticized middle-class conformity and materialism
Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s
criticized the Washington administration.
The Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s:
criticized the Washington administration.
Angelina and Sarah Grimke:
critiqued the prevailing notion of separate spheres for men and women
Angelina and Sarah Grimké
critiqued the prevailing notion of separate spheres for men and women.
The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court
declared Congress could not ban slavery from territories.
The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court:
declared Congress could not ban slavery from territories.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a Supreme Court decision that
declared racially segregated public schools inherently unequal
The Monroe Doctrine
declared the Americas off-limits for further European colonization
The Monroe Doctrine:
declared the Americas off-limits for further European colonization.
In an 1837 case involving the Charles River in Massachusetts, Chief Justice Roger Taney
declared the community had a legitimate interest in promoting transportation and prosperity.
The Spanish justified their claim to land in the New World through all of the following EXCEPT:
defeating the English fleet in 1588.
Thomas Jefferson's views on religion and Christian doctrines:
demonstrate his rejection of the divinity of Jesus.
The Free Soil Party
demonstrated that antislavery sentiment had spread far beyond abolitionist ranks.
The Free soil party
demonstrated that antislavery sentiment had spread far beyond abolitionist ranks.
Gabriel's Rebellion`
demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else
Gabriel's Rebellion:
demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else.
Abby Kelley
demonstrated the interconnectedness of nineteenth-century reform movements.
Pierre Charles L'Enfant is well known for
designing Washington, D.C.
Pierre Charles L'Enfant is well known for:
designing Washington, D.C.
General John Sullivan:
destroyed forty Indian towns in a campaign against the Iroquois.
The Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863:
did not apply to the border slave states that had not seceded.
The Half-Way Covenant of 1662:
did not require evidence of conversion to receive a kind of church membership.
"Silent sabotage" can be defined as when slaves
did poor work and broke tools
Gender roles under slavery
differed from those of white society because men and women alike suffered a sense of powerlessness
Adam Smith recorded in 1776 that the "two greatest and most important" events in the history of mankind were the:
discovery of America and the Portuguese sea route around Africa to Asia.
The ritual sacrifices practiced by the Aztecs:
disgusted Europeans despite their own practices of publicly executing criminals and burning witches at the stake.
The Embargo Act of 1807
disrupted American shipping
Silent sabotage can be defined as slaves
doing poor work and breaking tools.
The term "Lords of the Loom" refers to:
early New England factory owners
Judith Sargent Murray argued that women's apparent mental inferiority to men simply reflected the fact that women had been denied
educational opportunities
As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:
efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.
The Constitution explicitly granted Congress the power to do all of the following EXCEPT:
emancipate slaves
The transcendentalist movement
emphasized individual judgment, not tradition
The transcendentalist movement:
emphasized individual judgment, not tradition.
By 1840, the temperance movement in the United States had:
encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol.
According to Noah Webster, what was the very soul of a republic?
equality
Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress was able to
establish national control over land to the west of the thirteen states.
Alexander Hamilton's economic program was designed primarily to
establish the financial stability and credit of the new government
Samuel Slater:
established America's first factory.
James Oglethorpe
established colony of Georgia as a place for honest debtors
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787:
established the policy to admit the area's population as equal members of the political system.
its decision in the case of Fletcher v. Peck, the U.S. Supreme Court:
exercised the authority to overturn a state law that the Court considered in violation of the U.S. Constitution
In its decision in the case of Fletcher v. Peck, the U.S. Supreme Court:
exercised the authority to overturn a state law that the Court considered in violation of the U.S. Constitution.
Common schools:
existed in every northern state by the time of the Civil War.
The connection between abolitionism and violence
existed in the minds of southerners despite the fact that Garrison and his followers opposed violence.
Abolitionists agreed with the labor movement's argument that workers were subjugated to "wage slavery"
false
George Washington made a significant statement about slavery when he freed his slaves before taking the presidential office.
false
John C. Calhoun's "corrupt bargain" gave John Quincy Adams the white house in 1824
false
John C. Calhoun's key contribution to the proslavery argument was the claim that slavery was a necessary evil
false
Louisiana's slaves enjoyed far more freedom under the liberty-loving united states than under the rule of tyrannical spain
false
Nativism emerged as a major political movement in 1854, with the sudden appearance of the Liberty Party.
false
The Mormons under Joseph Smith strongly supported the principle of separation of church and state
false
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did not acknowledge that the Indians owned their land
false
The U.S. Constitution of 1787 defined who could and could not vote.
false
in general, catholics supported the temperance movement.
false
moderate republicans like Abraham lincoln supported the Dred Scott decision.
false
since president madison believed that a constitutional amendment was necessary for the government to build roads and canals, the twelfth amendment was passed by congress and ratified in 1816.
false
unlike most previous presidents, James Polk was not a slaveholder
false
Lincoln was hesitant to support abolition early in the war because he:
feared losing the support of the slaveholding border states within the Union.
As designed by the Constitution:
federal judges were appointed by the president, not elected by the people.
All of the following are examples of technological changes that helped to make the Civil War a modern war, EXCEPT for the:
field telephone.
"King Cotton diplomacy" led Great Britain to:
find new supplies of cotton outside the South.
By 1860, free black men could vote on the same basis as whites only in:
five New England states.
by 1860, free black men could vote on the same basis as whites only in:
five new england states
the role of a white middle-class woman in antebellum america was primarily to:
focus her energies on the home and children
role of a white middle-class woman in antebellum America was primarily to
focus her energies on the home and children.
Virginia's colonial policy of requiring Native Americans to move to reservations:
followed a precedent established by the English in Ireland.
During the Mexican War
for the first time, the U.S. troops occupied a foreign capital.
During the Mexican War:
for the first time, the U.S. troops occupied a foreign capital.
During the Mexican War,
for the first time, the United States invaded a foreign country.
The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it
forestalled the possibility of European intervention
The Puritan minister Thomas Hooker:
founded what became part of the colony of Connecticut.
In the 1860 election, how many different presidential candidates won electoral votes?
four
as president, john quincy adams proposed a comprehensive plan for an activist state, which called for all of the following EXCEPT:
free homesteads for settlers on western public lands
As president, John Quincy Adams proposed a comprehensive plan for an activist state, which called for all of the following EXCEPT:
free homesteads for settlers on western public lands.
What did Noah Webster's American Dictionary define as "a state of exemption from the power or control of another"?
freedom
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850:
gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement.
The Force Act of 1833:
gave the president authority to use military personnel to collect tariffs.
The three-fifths clause in the U.S. Constitution:
gave the white South greater power in national affairs than the size of its free population warranted.
A woman of the Colonial era
generally lost control of her property when she married
Fugitive slaves
generally understood that the North Star led to freedom
fugitive slaves:
generally understood that the north star led to freedom
Southern farmers in the backcountry
generally worked the land using family labor.
Henry David Thoreau believed that:
genuine freedom lay within the individual.
"hard money" in the 1830s referred to:
gold and silver, also called "specie"
"Hard money" in the 1830s referred to:
gold and silver, also called "specie."
Hard money" in the 1830s referred to
gold and silver, also called "specie."
The new state constitutions created during the Revolutionary War:
greatly expanded the right to vote in almost every state.
Before the arrival of Columbus, Native North Americans:
had elaborate trade networks.
The American version of the Enlightenment:
had no impact on religion.
what was president martin van buren's new solution to the problem of what to do about the federal government's relationship to banking?
he proposed that federal funds be controlled by government officials rather than by bankers
after becoming president, how did Thomas Jefferson deal with the federalists?
he tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of the government
The frontispiece of the 1848 edition of David Walker's book depicts a black figure receiving "liberty" and "justice" from:
heaven
Horace Mann believed that public schools would do all of the following EXCEPT:
help eliminate racial discrimination
During the Civil War, black soldiers:
helped inspire Republicans to believe that emancipation also demanded equal rights before the law.
The Pueblo Indian uprising of 1680:
helped lead to the most complete victory for Native Americans over Europeans.
During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, farmers complained about
high interest charges; high freight rates; high storage costs; large middleman profits
Henry Hudson:
hoped to find the Northwest Passage to Asia.
The development of the early nineteenth-century concept of "separate spheres" for the sexes encouraged
idealizing the home as a haven in a competitive world; designating the home as the appropriate place for a woman; emphasizing childrearing as a prime duty of a woman; establishing a moral climate in the home
When Democrats demanded the "re-annexation" of Texas in 1844, they
implied that Texas had once been part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase.
Burned-over districts were
in New York and Ohio, where intense revivals occurred.
Andrew Johnson of Tennessee and Joseph Brown of Georgia rose to political power:
in the 1850s, as members of the small but influential southern Republican Party.
The French in North America:
included a significant number of Nova Scotians who relocated to southern Louisiana, creating the group known as Cajuns.
The British concept of liberty:
included both formal restraints on authority and a collection of specific rights.
The role of African-Americans in the abolitionist movement
included helping to finance William Lloyd Garrison's newspaper.
The participants in South Carolina's Stono Rebellion:
included some who apparently had been soldiers in Africa.
For which of the following did nativists NOT blame immigrants in the 1840s?
increased Protestantism
for which of the following did nativists NOT blame immigrants in the 1840s?
increased protestantism
In Puritan New England:
infant mortality rates were lower than in the Chesapeake colonies, because the environment was healthier.
Although it only lasted a few years, the New Harmony community
influenced education reformers and women's rights advocates.
During his debate with Abraham Lincoln in Freeport, Illinois, Stephen Douglas
insisted that popular sovereignty was compatible with the Dred Scott decision.
The reform communities established in the years before the Civil War
introduced the words "socialism" and "communism" to the language of politics.
the end of slavery in most latin american nations:
involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owner's legal rights to slave property
The end of slavery in most Latin American nations
involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owners' legal rights to slave property
Slavery in Africa:
involved the enslavement of criminals, debtors, and war captives.
the nullification crisis:
involved the fears of some slaveholders that the federal government might take action against slavery
The nullification crisis:
involved the fears of some slaveholders that the federal government might take action against slavery.
Monitor and Merrimac were:
ironclad ships.
The significance of New Harmony was that
it promoted reform in education and women's rights.
The Anti-Federalist James Winthrop argued that a bill of rights was necessary in the Constitution because:
it would secure the minority against the usurpation and tyranny of the majority.
When Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821
its Native American population was relatively large compared to its non-Indian population.
When Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821:
its Native American population was relatively large compared to its non-Indian population.
What attracted voters to the Know-Nothing Party
its denunciation of Roman Catholic immigrants
Among the Confederacy's advantages during the Civil War was:
its large size, which made it more difficult for the Union to conquer.
One of the principal reasons the "noble experiment" of Prohibition failed was that it led to an enormous increase in
law enforcement challenges
Alarmed by the destructiveness of the conquistadores, the Spanish crown replaced them with a more stable system of government headed by:
lawyers and bureaucrats.
The Sedition Act of 1798
led Jefferson to argue that states, not the federal government, could punish seditious speech.
The Sedition Act of 1798:
led Jefferson to argue that states, not the federal government, could punish seditious speech.
American settlement in Texas in the 1820s and 1830s:
led Stephen Austin to demand more autonomy from Mexican officials.
American settlement in Texas
led to Stephen Austin demanding more autonomy from Mexican officials.
The development of rice plantations in South Carolina:
led to a black majority in that colony by the 1730s.
The cult of domesticity
led to a decline in birthrates.
The cult of domesticity:
led to a decline in birthrates.
The Republican free labor ideology
led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.
The Republican free labor ideology:
led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.
The republican free labor ideology:
led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.
Under the Articles of Confederation the United States central government had no power to
levy taxes
What proposal by Alexander Hamilton found little support in the Constitutional Convention?
life terms for president and senators
Freedom in California was generally
limited to whites.
who was defeated at the battle of fallen timbers in 1794?
little turtle
women who worked at the lowell mills:
lived in closely supervised boardinghouses
Women who worked at the Lowell mills:
lived in closely supervised boardinghouses.
In 1492, the Native American population:
lived mostly in Central and South America.
response to the market revolution:
local judges protected businessmen from paying property damages associated with factory construction and from workers seeking to unionize
When George Washington took office as the first president of the United States, American leaders believed that the new nation's success depended on
maintaining political harmony.
When George Washington took office as the first president of the United States, American leaders believed that the new nation's success depended on:
maintaining political harmony.
Alexander Hamilton's long-term goal was to:
make the United States a major commercial and military power.
The Native American leader Powhatan:
managed to consolidate control over some thirty nearby tribes.
Maryland Act of Religious Toleration (1649)
mandated the toleration of all Christian denominations in Maryland, even though Maryland was founded for Catholics (but majority was protestant)
which statement about Nat Turner's rebellion is true?
many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion
Property qualifications for holding office:
meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures.
The fugitive slave law that was part of the Compromise of 1850
meant that usually pro-state's-rights southerners were demanding a more activist federal government.
Which of the following person would have been the most likely supporter of the Articles of Confederation?
merchant
Of the half million people who left England between 1607 and 1700:
more went to the West Indies than to North America.
Urban slaves
most often were domestic servants.
Urban slaves:
most often were domestic servants.
Which one of the following spurred increased European interest in colonizing North America?
national and religious rivalries
Democrats in the 1830s generally believed that:
new corporate enterprises were suspicious
During the English political upheaval between 1640 and 1660:
new religious sects began demanding the end of public financing and special privileges for the Anglican Church.
the erie canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the northwest
new york
many of the members of jackson's kitchen cabinet, as his group of close advisors was known, were:
newspaper editors
Many of the members of Jackson's Kitchen Cabinet, as his group of close advisors was known, were:
newspaper editors.
Frederick Douglass viewed the abolition of slavery as:
not the end of the nation's work, but the beginning of a new phase of it.
By the time of Jackson's presidency, politics
often emphasized individual politicians with mass followings and popular nicknames.
By the time of Jackson's presidency, politics:
often emphasized individual politicians with mass followings and popular nicknames.
After the Revolution, African-Americans in the North:
often wound up in a state similar to that of indentured servitude.
The internal slave trade in the United States involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from:
older states like Virginia to the Lower South
Most white southerners lived
on self-sufficient farms in isolated areas and were poorly educated.
Joseph Cinquez is well known for a slave rebellion
on the Amistad.
The Naturalization Act of 1790 allowed:
only free white persons to become citizens.
On matters related to citizenship, the U.S. Supreme Court declared in Dred Scott that
only white persons could be U.S. citizens.
On the plantation, the man who was in charge of ensuring a profitable crop for the plantation master was called the
overseer.
On the plantation, the white employee in charge of ensuring a profitable crop for the plantation master was called the:
overseer.
"American system of manufactures":
owed a great deal to Eli Terry's development of interchangeable parts in clockmaking
The "American system of manufactures":
owed a great deal to Eli Terry's development of interchangeable parts in clockmaking.
To qualify as a member of the planter class, a person had to be engaged in southern agriculture and:
own at least twenty slaves
Free blacks in the South were allowed to:
own property
free blacks in the south were allowed to:
own property
Free blacks in the South were allowed to
own property.
"Greenback" was a Civil War-era nickname for:
paper money.
independence movements in Latin America between 1810 and 1822
paralleled in some ways the independence movement that created the United States.
The Dorr war
pitted proponents of expanded voting rights for white against the status quo in Rhode Island
The Dorr War
pitted proponents of expanded voting rights for whites against the status quo in Rhode Island
The Dorr War:
pitted proponents of expanded voting rights for whites against the status quo in Rhode Island.
Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa were brothers who
preached a militant message to Native Americans early in the nineteenth century.
The gag rule
prevented Congress from hearing antislavery petitions.
The gag rule:
prevented Congress from hearing antislavery petitions.
John Peter Zenger's libel trial:
probably would not have ended in his acquittal if he had attacked someone other than the colonial governor.
In 1846, Congressman David Wilmot proposed to:
prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico.
The Wilmot Proviso proposed a resolution to
prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico.
In the first half of the nineteenth century, paper money:
promised to pay the bearer on demand a specific amount of gold or silver.
Alexander Hamilton's long-term goal was to
promote the power of state governments
The National Road was constructed primarily for the purpose of
promoting trade and communication with the Old Northwest
The Panic of 1819
prompted some states to suspend debt collections, which helped debtors but hurt creditors
The Panic of 1819:
prompted some states to suspend debt collections, which helped debtors but hurt creditors.
The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa:
prompted the adamant opposition of most free African-Americans.
The Lecompton Constitution was the
proslavery constitution proposed for Kansas.
The Lecompton Constitution was the:
proslavery constitution proposed for Kansas.
Democratic Party split in 1860 over the question of whether to:
protect slavery in the territories or allow popular sovereignty in them.
The Union's manpower advantage over the Confederacy:
proved essential for the success of Grant's attrition strategy.
As president, John Tyler
proved so popular that he easily won the1844 presidential election
To entice settlers to Virginia, the Virginia Company established the headright system, which:
provided land to settlers who paid their own passage
According to John L. O'Sullivan's Democratic Review, what was the key to the history of nations and the rise and fall of empires?
race
according to John L. O'Sullivan's Democratic Review, what was the key to the history of nations and the rise and fall of empires?
race
In the Chesapeake region, slavery:
rapidly became the dominant labor system after 1680
The opponents of the Compromise of 1850
received a boost from President Zachary Taylor.
The opponents of the Compromise of 1850:
received a boost from President Zachary Taylor.
When Andrew Jackson had the chance to obtain African-American help to fight the British in the Battle of New Orleans, he
recruited free men of color and promised them the same pay that white recruits received.
When Andrew Jackson had the chance to obtain African-American help to fight the British in the Battle of New Orleans, he:
recruited free men of color and promised them the same pay that white recruits received.
Denmark Vesey's conspiracy
reflected a combination of American and African influences.
In the South, the paternalist ethos
reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him.
The efforts to emancipate slaves in the 1770s and 1780s:
reflected the importance of property rights.
The French Revolution
reinforced the Republicans' sympathy toward the French.
The American Tract Society was focused on:
religion.
In the battles between Parliament and the Stuart kings, English freedom:
remained an important and a much-debated concept even after
what problem with cotton did eli whitney solve by inventing the cotton gin?
removing seeds from the cotton was a slow and painstaking task, but whitney made it much easier and less labor-intensive
Which of the following was NOT a way in which women contributed to the Revolutionary cause?
replacing their husbands in political offices
In slave folklore, the Brer Rabbit stories
represented how slaves were weaker than their masters but could outsmart them.
The California Gold Rush
required large investments of capital after the early surface gold was depleted.
The treaty that ended the War of 1812
restored the prewar status quo.
The treaty that ended the War of 1812:
restored the prewar status quo.
Fries's Rebellion:
resulted in a loss of support for Federalists in southeastern Pennsylvania.
The California gold rush
resulted in laws that discriminated against "foreign miners."
The California gold rush:
resulted in laws that discriminated against "foreign miners."
Both Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams suggested that the Missouri controversy of 1820-1821:
revealed a sectional divide that potentially threatened the Union.
Many Mexicans migrated to the United States during the First World War because
revolution in Mexico had caused social upheaval and dislocation
From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand
rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class.
The Somerset case:
ruled that slavery was unlawful in England.
the Somerset case:
ruled that slavery was unlawful in England.
Utopian communities were unlikely to attract much support because most Americans:
saw property as key to economic independence, but nearly all the utopian communities insisted members give up their property
Deists shared the ideas of eighteenth-century European Enlightenment thinkers, namely that:
science could uncover God's laws that governed the natural order.
In the 1850s, Tennessee-born William Walker became famous for:
seeking to establish himself as ruler of a slaveholding Nicaragua.
which indian nation fought a war with the U.S. army from 1835 to 1842 to resist removal to the west?
seminole
The First Great Awakening led to
separatism and secession from established churches; the growth of institutions of higher learning; a flourishing of the missionary spirit; a greater appreciation for the emotional experiences of faith
Southern cities
served as centers for gathering and shipping cotton.
The reform communities established in the years before the Civil War:
set out to reorganize society on a cooperative basis.
squatters:
set up farms on unoccupied land
Squatters:
set up farms on unoccupied land.
James Polk had four clearly define goals when he entered the White House. Which was NOT one of his goals?
settle the slavery dispute
James Polk had four clearly defined goals when he entered the White House.
settle the slavery dispute
James Polk had four clearly defined goals when he entered the White House. Which was NOT one of his goals?
settle the slavery dispute
William Penn and the Quakers
settled in Pennsylvania, believed the "Inner Light" could speak through any person and ran religious services without ministers
which of the following is a true statement relative to the Upper South and the Deep South?
several Upper South states did not join the Confederacy at the time of the Civil War
Thomas Jefferson believed that African-Americans:
should eventually be able to enjoy their natural rights, but they would have to leave the United States to do so.
There were many forms of slave resistance. The most common was
silent sabotage.
The American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized
skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains
Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe, whose causes included improved conditions for imprisoned debtors and the abolition of:
slavery.
Frederick Douglass argued that:
slaves were truer to the principles of the Declaration of Independence than were most white Americans
of the following statements are true of the work done by southern slaves EXCEPT:
slaves worked exclusively as agricultural field hands and house servants.
The women who protested during the Shoemakers' Strike in Lynn, compared their condition to that of:
slaves.
Compared to slave revolts in Brazil and in the West Indies, slave revolts in the United States were:
smaller in scale and less frequent
Divisions within the abolitionist movement were due in significant part to the concurrent women's rights movement because
some abolitionists feared that calling for equality or more rights for women would divide their efforts and impede their own movement against slavery.
Free blacks in the United States:
sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves
Free blacks in the United States
sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves.
what economic effect did southern slavery have on the north?
southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the north
which of the following did NOT contribute to the american acquisition of florida from spain?
spain's loss of haiti in a slave rebellion, which rendered florida imperially unimportant
During Jackson's presidency, most Democrats did all of the following EXCEPT:
speak out against presidential use of the veto
At the first Battle of Bull Run:
spectators from the city came with picnic baskets to watch.
The high inflation rates of the late 1960s and early 1970s were due in part to
spending on social-welfare programs and the Vietnam War
Before 1492, many American Indian cultures were strongly influenced by the
spread of corn cultivation
Which of the following groups tended to be Anti-Federalist during the ratification debates?
state politicians fearful of a strong central government
The Kentucky resolution originally stated that
states could nullify laws of Congress
The American railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century
stimulated the coal mining industry
the american railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century:
stimulated the coal mining industry
The American railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century:
stimulated the coal mining industry.
Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Years' War?
strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire
The land involved in the Louisiana Purchase
stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.
William Lloyd Garrison:
suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery
William Lloyd garrison:
suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery
William Lloyd Garrison
suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery.
The U.S. Supreme Court's 1832 Worcester v. Georgia decision:
supported the right of the Cherokee people to maintain a separate political identity.
the U.S. supreme court's 1832 worcester v. georgia decision:
supported the right of the cherokee people to maintain a separate political identity
The official seals of New Jersey (1821) and Arkansas (1836) both reflected the widespread identification of freedom with
technological progress and material prosperity
The official seals of New Jersey (1821) and Arkansas (1836) both reflected the widespread identification of freedom with:
technological progress and material prosperity.
The proliferation of new institutions during the antebellum era demonstrated the
tension between liberation and control in the era's reform movements.
The proliferation of new institutions such as poorhouses and asylums for the insane during the antebellum era demonstrated the:
tension between liberation and control in the era's reform movements.
The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:
textiles.
first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:
textiles.
A primary reason that both women and blacks were largely excluded from the expansion of democracy was:
that both groups were viewed as being naturally incapable and thus unfit for suffrage.
What did the Paxton Boys demand?
that the Indians be removed from Pennsylvania
What does the seal of the Massachusetts Bay Colony imply?
that the Indians wished for the English to come over and help liberate them
What did reformers commonly believe about prisons and asylums?
that they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society
which of the following is true of american national identity as envisioned by the constitution of 1787?
the "people" were free americans; native americans and "other person," meaning african-americans slaves, were not considered part of the political nation.
The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were a response to
the Alien and Sedition Acts.
The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were a response to:
the Alien and Sedition Acts.
In the 1830s, Andrew Jackson believed all of the following about the Second Bank of the United States EXCEPT that:
the Bank did not allow for the issuance of enough paper money to meet national demand.
With whom did Alexander Hamilton and his supporters believe that the
the British
With whom did Alexander Hamilton and his supporters believe that the United States needed to cultivate a firm relationship in order to survive as a nation?
the British
For which three accomplishments did Thomas Jefferson wish to be remembered?
the Declaration of Independence, the University of Virginia, the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom
With the exception of Alaska, what was the last piece of territory acquired by the United States toward the solidification of its present boundaries in North America
the Gadsden Purchase
"This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of wealth: to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer and strictly bound as a matter of duty to administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial results for the community—the man of wealth thus becoming the mere agent and trustee for his poorer brethren.'' These sentiments are most characteristic of
the Gospel of Wealth
why did the united states become a one-party nation following the war of 1812?
the Hartford convention's allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the federalist party's reputation.
Which of the following groups did NOT include a significant proportion of Loyalists during the Revolutionary War?
the Livingstons, a wealthy New York family
The dividing line between slavery and freedom was
the Mason-Dixon Line.
It can be argued that conflict between the English settlers and local Indians in Virginia became inevitable when:
the Native Americans realized that England wanted to establish a permanent and constantly expanding colony, not just a trading post.
What 1854 document called for the United States to seize Cuba?
the Ostend Manifesto
The Sedition Act targeted
the Republican press
In its decision in McCulloch v. Maryland, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that
the Second Bank of the United States was constitutional
In its decision in McCulloch v. Maryland, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that:
the Second Bank of the United States was constitutional.
In the May and June 1864 battles in Virginia (between the armies of Grant and Lee):
the Union army, despite high casualties, pressed forward in its campaign.
The Tet offensive of 1968 during the Vietnam War demonstrated that
the Vietcong could attack major cities throughout South Vietnam
In the presidential election of 1840
the Whigs employed political tactics pioneered by Democrats.
Which of the following was NOT a reform movement in which women played a prominent role during the early to mid-nineteenth century?
the anti-Mexican-War movement
What event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders?
the closing of the African slave trade
which of the following is NOT n example of the significance of eli whitney's cotton gin?
the completion of the erie canal allowed the transportation of thousands of pounds of cotton per day
Which of the following was responsible for the first large-scale American factory, which was built in Massachusetts?
the cutoff of British imports because of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812
Economically, the Civil War led to:
the emergence of a nation-state committed to national economic development.
"Strict constructionists" believed
the federal government could only exercise powers specifically listed in the Constitution
"Strict constructionists" believed:
the federal government could only exercise powers specifically listed in the Constitution.
"strict constructionists" believed:
the federal government could only exercise powers specifically listed in the constitution
What did the "invisible hand" refer to?
the free
Defenders of American slavery claimed that British emancipation in the 1830s had been a failure because
the freed slaves grew less sugar cane, which hurt the economy of the Caribbean
Women writers benefited from:
the growth of the reading public, part of the democratization of American life.
What did the Fourth of July represent to Frederick Douglass?
the hypocrisy of a nation that proclaimed liberty but sanctioned slavery
In The Federalist, James Madison argued that:
the large size of the United States was a source of political stability.
How did the abolitionist movement that arose in the 1830s differ from earlier antislavery efforts?
the later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately
Rehearsals for reconstruction during the Civil War demonstrated that:
the main aspiration of former slaves was the ownership of their own land.
At Antietam:
the nation suffered more casualties than on any other day in its history.
Which of the following helped to increase the visibility and power of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth century?
the number of Irish Catholic immigrants grew dramatically
At the Lowell textile mills
the owners established lecture halls, churches, and a worker-edited periodical to occupy the workers' free time.
In the election of 1856,
the parties clearly had reoriented themselves along sectional lines.
Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren rejected adding Texas to the United States because
the presence of slaves there would reignite the issue of slavery, and they preferred to avoid it.
Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren rejected adding Texas to the United States because:
the presence of slaves there would reignite the issue of slavery, and they preferred to avoid it.
As a result of the American Revolution, Americans rejected:
the principle of hereditary aristocracy.
Which of the following contributed to the success of free trade advocates during the Revolutionary War?
the publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations
Under the Missouri Compromise of 1820
the remaining Louisiana Purchase territory was divided into slave and free zones
Under the Missouri Compromise of 1820:
the remaining Louisiana Purchase territory was divided into slave and free zones.
5. What did the British acquire from the Netherlands in the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713?
the right to transport slaves from Africa to Spain's New World colonies
Why did southern slaves live in better conditions by the mid-nineteenth century than those in the Caribbean and South America?
the rising value of slaves made it profitable for slaveowners to take better care of them
which of the following was NOT a way in which westward movement affected the south?
the south had to develop a highly effective railroad system to transport goods from west to east
which of the following was NOT true of the south and its economy in the period from 1800 to 1860?
the south produced nearly two-fifths of the nation's manufactured good, especially cotton textiles
Pueblo Indians lived in what is now:
the southwestern United States.
The practice of giving political office to someone based on party loyalty is called:
the spoils system
The practice of giving a political office to someone based on party loyalty is called:
the spoils system.
Liberty of conscience was defended by Roger Williams on the grounds that
the state was an improper and ineffectual agency in matters of the spirit
The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had?
the threat of sale
Frederick Jackson Turner's "frontier hypothesis" focused on the importance of
the traditions of western European culture
The controversy over the arrest of Anthony Burns in 1854 shows
the unpopularity of the Fugitive Slave Act in parts of the North.
The controversy over the arrest of Anthony Burns in 1854 shows:
the unpopularity of the Fugitive Slave Act in parts of the North.
The example of German immigrant Marcus Spiegel demonstrated that:
the views of average Americans evolved considerably during the course of the Civil War.
which of the following is an example of the political impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
the whig party collapsed, and many disgruntled northerners joined the new republican party
The term "Era of Good Feelings" refers to the period of American history when:
there seemed to be political harmony during the Monroe administration.
the term "era of good feelings" refers to the period of american history when:
there seemed to be political harmony during the monroe administration.
According to mid-nineteenth-century physicians and racial theorists such as Josiah Nott and George Gliddon,
there was a hierarchy of races, with blacks forming a separate species between whites and chimpanzees.
According to the mid-nineteenth-century physicians and racial theorists Josiah Nott and George Gliddon:
there was a hierarchy of races, with blacks forming a separate species between whites and chimpanzees.
Joseph McCarthy's investigative tactics found support among many Americans because
there was widespread fear of communist infiltration of the United States
how did the abolitionists link themselves to the nation's revolutionary heritage?
they seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery
which of the following statements related to ethnicity was true in California in the 1850s?
thousands of Indian children were declared orphans and treated as slaves.
What was the primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
to bring stability to the colonial frontier
Shays's Rebellion was significant because it demonstrated:
to some influential Americans the need for a stronger central government
What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity?
tobacco
The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in:
transportation and communication
The American Colonization Society was established in the early nineteenth century with the goal of
transporting African Americans to Africa
When Europeans arrived, many Native Americans:
tried to use them to enhance their standing with other Native Americans.
By 1860 the south's most populous city was new orleans
true
By 1860, the economic investment represented by the slave population exceeded the value of the nation's factories, railroads, and banks combined.
true
Congress nearly passed a clause in the Ordinance of 1784 that would have prohibited slavery throughout the West.
true
Despite being forbidden by law to marry, many slaves were able to create a family life on the plantation
true
Free trade and sailors' right were the two issues that drew the united states into the war of 1812
true
Property ownership as a requirement for voting was largely accepted by the founding fathers
true
Slaves frequently named children after other family members to retain family continuity
true
The free labor ideology was based on the assumption that free labor could not compete with slave labor and so slavery's expansion had to be halted to ensure freedom for the white laborer.
true
The issue of Texas annexation was hotly linked to slavery and affected the nominations of presidential candidates int he 1840s
true
black christianity is best described as a blend between african traditions and christian beliefs
true
in the immediate aftermath of independence, Congress took the position that by aiding the British, Indians had forfeited the right to their lands.
true
the african methodist episcopal church allowed women to preach
true
the city of Melbourne in Australia prospered because of a gold rush, much as San Francisco did and at about the same time
true
the french writer alexis de Tocqueville identified democracy as an essential attribute of american freedom
true
the independent treasury completely separated the federal government from the nation's banking system
true
the jacobin clubs of paris were an inspiration for the democratic-republican societies
true
the kitchen cabinet was an informal group of advisors who helped to write speeches for Andrew Jackson
true
the market revolution produced a new middle class
true
the shakers believed God had a dual personality, both male and female
true
Under the Treaty of Greenville of 1795:
twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government.
What did the Reverend Charles C. Jones of Georgia NOT do?
urge an end to slavery
Those involved in nineteenth-century reform movements
used moral suasion to try to persuade others to join their cause.
Shays's Rebellion:
used the example of the Revolution and the terminology of liberty in organizing.
The most successful colonial governors
used their appointive powers and control of land grants to win allies in colonial legislatures.
As president, John Tyler:
vetoed a bill to create a new national bank, thus angering Whigs.
after an 1831 slave rebellion, which state's legislature debated, but did not approve, a plan for gradual emancipation of slaves in that state?
virginia
What came to be redefined as a personal moral quality associated more and more closely with women?
virtue
According to Alexis de Tocqueville, what were the most important institutions for organizing Americans
voluntary associations
Alexis de Tocqueville noted that Americans tended to be organized through or by
voluntary associations.
by the 1830s, the term "citizen" in america had become synonymous with the right to:
vote
By the 1830s, the term "citizen" in America had become synonymous with the right to:
vote.
Maryland's founder, Cecilius Calvert:
wanted Maryland to be like a feudal domain, with power limited for ordinary people.
Joseph Brant, a young Mohawk:
wanted to create an Indian confederacy between Canada and the United States.
Harriet Tubman
was a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery.
The Panic of 1837
was caused, in part, by a decline in British demand for American cotton
The Panic of 1837:
was caused, in part, by a decline in British demand for American cotton.
The idea of liberalism in eighteenth-century British politics:
was compatible with inequalities in wealth and well-being.
The Erie Canal
was far longer than any other canal in the United States at that time.
The Erie Canal:
was far longer than any other canal in the United States at that time.
The Mormon church
was founded at the same time and place that produced much of the Second Great Awakening and reflected many of its ideals.
Brook Farm
was founded by New England transcendentalists.
Like Indian removal, colonization rested on the premise that America
was fundamentally a white society.
Like Indian removal, the colonization of former slaves rested on the premise that America
was fundamentally a white society.
Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman:
was inspired by Thomas Paine's Rights of Man.
The Wilmot Proviso
was intended to ban slavery in land acquired from Mexico.
The southern economy
was intricately tied into slavery.
Spanish Florida:
was little more than an isolated military settlement.
The New Jersey Plan:
was mainly supported by the smaller, less populated states.
In contrast to life in the Chesapeake region, life in New England:
was more family oriented.
In England, social inequality:
was part of a hierarchical society.
Margaret Fuller
was part of the transcendentalist movement.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
was proposed by Stephen Douglas in hopes of building a railroad through one of the states.
During the first half of the nineteenth century, individualism
was rooted in the idea of self-sufficiency.
The marriage between John Rolfe and Pocahontas:
was seen in England as a sign of Anglo-Indian harmony and missionary success.
Lincoln's vision during the Civil War:
was that the American nation embodied a set of universal ideals rooted in political democracy and human freedom.
Freedom's Journal:
was the first black-run newspaper in the United States.
The first center of the Spanish empire in America:
was the island of Hispaniola
In his essay "The Laboring Classes," Orestes Brownson argued that:
wealth and labor were at war.
By the end of the seventeenth century women in New England...
were mainly involved in many church congregations
Slave families
were more common in the West Indies, where living conditions favored their formation and survival
The first to apply the abolitionist doctrine of universal freedom and equality to the status of women:
were the Grimké sisters.
Most of the states that entered the Union in the six years immediately following the War of 1812 were located:
west of the Appalachian Mountains
General George McClellan did all of the following EXCEPT:
win major victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in Tennessee.
At the Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, participants
wished to have greater access to education and employment.
The nullification crisis ended:
with a compromise tariff.
Frederick Douglass wrote, "When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, _____ will occupy a large space in its pages."
women
Frederick Douglass wrote, "When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, ____________ will occupy a large space in its pages."
women
"Republican motherhood" was an ideology that held:
women played an indispensable role in the new nation by training future citizens.
The Half-Way Covenant
- New Englanders who did not wish to relate their conversion experiences could become half-way saints so that their children would be able to have the opportunity to be saints
In 1850, a majority of southern slaveholders owned how many slaves?
1 to 5
Historians estimate that approximately _____ slaves per year escaped to the North and Canada.
1,000
Historians estimate that approximately ____________ slaves per year escaped to the North or Canada.
1,000
At what age was a slave permitted by law to enter the plantation labor force?
10 years old
About _____ reform communities were established in the decades before the Civil War.
100
About ____________ reform communities, often called utopian communities, were established in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century.
100
By 1850, approximately how many slave owners owned 200 slaves or more?
100
Wool Act, Hat Act, and Iron Act
1699, 1732, and 1750. Forbade colonial manufacture of certain items.
Molasses Act
1733- Spught to curtail trade between New England and the French Caribbean by imposing a prohibitive tax on French-produced molasses used to make rum in American distilleries.
When did Great Britain abolish slavery in its empire?
1830s
Approximately how many free Americans remained loyal to the British during the war?
20 to 25 percent
In 1860, what percentage of southern white families were in the slaveowning class?
25 percent
By 1860 approximately _____ people had braved the western trails and emigrated to Oregon and California.
300,000
The U.S. slave population by 1860 was approximately
4 million
The slave population by 1860 was approximately
4 million.
Each of the following presidents came to prominence as a wartime generals except: 1)Dwight D. Eisenhower 2)Ulysses S. Grant 3)Andrew Jackson 4)Theodore Roosevelt 5)George Washington
4) Theodore Roosevelt
Approximately how many Union and Confederate soldiers died during the Civil War?
620,000
Approximately how much of the world's cotton supply came from the southern United States?
75 percent
1840, approximately ____________ percent of adult white men were eligible to vote.
90
By 1840, approximately ____________ percent of adult white men were eligible to vote.
90
States' Rights
A belief that the power of the states should be greater than the power of the federal government.
Erie Canal
A canal running from Albany to Buffalo, New York; completed in 1825.
Sectionalism
A devotion to the interests of one geographic region over the interests of the entire country.
Nullification Crisis
A dispute led by John C. Calhoun that said that states could ignore federal laws if they believed those laws violated the Constitution.
Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom
A document drawn up by Thomas Jefferson in Virginia, stating that "God hath created the mind free" and therefore justifying the disestablishment of churches from governmental support, the elimination of religious requirements for citizens attempting to hold a position in office, the elimination of voting requirements pertaining to the beliefs of an individual, and the outlawing of established faiths "forcing" any American to have any religious outlook. The bill was published and introduced to the House of Burgesses in 1779 to promote discussion about freedom of religion in the United States, but was only enacted until 1786 because of the large amount of controversy that it sparked. It also sharpened the "wall of separation" as a result.
Which of the following statements about Martin Van Buren is FALSE?
A graduate of Harvard, he was known for his sterling intellectual accomplishments.
Sons of Liberty
A group of lower-rung talented and ambitious merchants such as Alexander McDougall and Isaac Sears that claimed to be rebelling against Britain to secure their natural rights and protect freedom in America. Although they had earned much money from privateering and plundering French ships during the Seven Years' War, they did not enjoy being amongst the wealthy elite and preferred to be supported and followed by a large public of craftsmen, laborers, and sailors. They were responsible for engineering many rebellions and processions against the Stamp Act, using fluent member John Lamb as translator for many different ethnic groups in New York City, including the Dutch, French, and Germans.
Cotton Gin
A machine invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 to remove seeds from short-staple cotton.
Telegraph
A machine perfected by Samuel F. B. Morse in 1832 that uses pulses of electric current to send messages across long distances through wires.
King Cotton
A name given by Southerners to indicate the economic and political importance of cotton production in the southern states
Lowell Girls
A name given to women who worked in Lowell textile mills.
Industrial Revolution
A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s.
Who was Phillis Wheatley?
A poet who wrote about how African-Americans felt about freedom
Democratic Party
A political party formed by supporters of Andrew Jackson after the presidential election of 1824.
Spoils System
A politicians' practice of giving government jobs to his or her supporters.
Cotton Belt
A region stretching from South Carolina to east Texas where most U.S. cotton was produced during the mid-1800s.
Nationalism
A sense of pride and devotion to a nation.
The Federalist
A series of eighty-five essays published in New York by some of the most prominent Federalist thinkers and politicians of the time and compiled into a book in 1788. They first appeared in newspapers under the pen name "Publius", a latin word for public, but in reality were written by Alexander hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison. Each of the essays focused on a different topic promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution, criticizing the Bill of Rights, and reasoning why America needed a stronger national government. Hamilton wrote fifty of the essays, Madison thirty, and Jay five. Overall, the book focused on the ideas of Federalists.
One-house legislature-
A system of government first adopted by Pennsylvania three months after Americans gained their independence from Britain. It involved a single body of annually elected representative over the age of twenty-one, who, in order to take office, had to be paying their taxes. This allowed for an institutionalized democracy, abolishing the office of governor and property qualifications that had previously diminished government opportunities for the lower classes.
"Virtual representation"
A theory that stated that representatives in Parliament stood for the views and concerns of all British people and not just the district that they originally came from. Led many people in the mother-country to believe that there was no reason for colonists to claim that they had no representation and start rebellions. In their eyes, many British citizens did not have direct representation in Parliament, but according to the idea of "virtual representation", that did not matter because Britain's government supposedly took everyone's interests into account anyways.
Who gave more speeches and traveled more miles than any other female orator during the antebellum period?
Abby Kelley
Who questioned President Polk's right to declare war by introducing a resolution to Congress requesting the president to specify the precise spot where blood had first been shed?
Abraham Lincoln
This event has been viewed by some historians as an indication of strong anti-Catholic sentiment in the presidential election of 1928.
Alfred E. Smith's failure to carry a solidly Democratic South
Abolitionists in the 1830s spread their views
All of the above
By 1856 the Republican Party included in its membership people who were
All of the above
Democratic presidential nominee James Polk
All of the above
Frederick Douglass
All of the above
Horace Mann believed that public schools
All of the above
In the antebellum era, Americans embarked on a program of institution building, including
All of the above
John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
All of the above
Margaret Fuller was
All of the above
Nat Turner's Rebellion
All of the above
Nearly all the reform communities
All of the above
The 1860 Republican platform stated that
All of the above
The Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford
All of the above
The abolitionist view of the Constitution was
All of the above
The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa
All of the above
The idea of "freedom of the soil," as one editor called it in the late 1840s,
All of the above
The slave states outstripped the free states in
All of the above
When it came to the founding fathers, Southerners
All of the above
Which of the following was not a favorite method that slave owners used to maintain order?
All of the above
Who tended to resist the efforts of the temperance movement?
All of the above
Bennet Barrow's advice to slaveowners on slave discipline (based on rules for slaves at his Highland Plantation in Louisiana) included all of the following EXCEPT:
Allow slaves to grow some of their own food to cut down on costs.
How did Americans respond to the French Revolution
Almost everyone supported it at first, because the French seemed to be following in Americans' footsteps
How did Americans respond to the French Revolution?
Almost everyone supported it at first, because the French seemed to be following in Americans' footsteps.
National Road
Also called the Cumberland Road, when it was completed in 1841 it stretched from Cumberland, Maryland 800 miles west to Vandalia, Illinois.
Which of the following is true of the Constitution of 1787 and of slavery?
Although never using the word "slavery," the document protected several aspects of the institution.
Benedict Arnold offered which justification for his treason?
America's new alliance with France, a Catholic state, was too much for him to bear.
the key insight of alexis de tocqueville's democracy in america was that:
American democracy really represented an important cultural shift
The key insight of Alexis de Tocqueville's Democracy in America was that:
American democracy really represented an important cultural shift.
Which of the following is true of warfare between colonists and Native Americans during the seventeenth century?
Among the colonists, it generated a strong sense of superiority.
Valley Forge
An American encampment where George Washington and his men stayed during the winter of 1778 and suffered terribly from the cold, greatly reducing the Continental Army.
Jacksonian Democracy
An expansion of voting rights during the Andrew Jackson administration.
The Harlem Renaissance
An outpouring of Black artistic and literary creativity that began in the 1930s. The notion of "twoness" , a divided awareness of one's identity, was introduced by W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Common themes: alienation, marginality, the use of folk material, the use of the blues tradition, the problems of writing for an elite audience. It was more than just a literary movement: it included racial consciousness, "the back to Africa" movement led by Marcus Garvey, racial integration, the explosion of music particularly jazz, spirituals and blues, painting, dramatic revues, and others.
Shay's rebellion
An uprising led by Daniel Shays, a veteran leader of the Revolution, from late 1786 to January of 1787. Debt-ridden farmers in western Massachusetts who had not payed their taxes and were afraid of loosing their land called themselves "regulators" and closed courts; their aim was to force the state government to lower taxes and change other measures so that the people were less likely to fall into debt. Their rebellion was characterized by its use of pre-American Independence aspects, using liberty trees and liberty poles as symbols for a grand cause of freedom just as the Patriots had.
In the presidential election of 1824, who received the most votes but failed to win a majority of either the popular or electoral votes (requiring the House of Representatives to select a president)?
Andrew Jackson
Which of the following did NOT happen during the election of 1828
Andrew Jackson challenged Henry Clay to a duel for having engineered his defeat in the "corrupt bargain" of 1824.
Which of the following did NOT happen during the election of 1828?
Andrew Jackson challenged Henry Clay to a duel for having engineered his defeat in the "corrupt bargain" of 1824.
Who founded the Shakers
Ann Lee
During the 1850s, 80 percent of the world's gold came from two places that experienced gold rushes at about the same time, California and:
Australia.
America's first commercial railroad was the:
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
Which of the following was NOT true of the United States in 1797
Believing that political parties were wrong, Adams included Jefferson and Hamilton in his government, and they did not get along.
Who drafted the Albany Plan of Union?
Benjamin Franklin
Who wrote a petition to Congress as the president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, calling for the ending of slavery?
Benjamin Franklin
The last nation in the Western Hemisphere to abolish slavery was:
Brazil
"Salutary neglect" meant:
British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.
Sugar Act
Brought upon American colonists in 1764, it was introduced by the British Prime Minister, George Greenville, to reduce taxes on molasses in the colonies. However, instead of having a positive affect on the people, it only outraged them more so than before because it inadvertently also reduced widespread smuggling and reduced smugglers' right to jury in trial. Instead of seeing the act as a benefit, many in America came to see it as a a sneaky way for the British government to still get tax benefits through a different product.
The city situated along the Mississippi River with between 10,000 and 30,000 residents in the year 1200 is today known as:
Cahokia.
Members of which of the following groups were generally opposed to the temperance movement?
Catholics
Thomas Hutchinson
Chief justice and lieutenant governor of Massachusetts whose home was assaulted by an angry crowd of violent Bostonians after the Stamp Act. Concluded that some liberties had to be given up in order for Britain to rule the people effectively.
Which one of the following is true about Native Americans and material wealth?
Chiefs were expected to share some of their goods rather than hoard them.
Who were derogatorily called "coolies"?
Chinese
What city was known as "porkopolis" because of its slaughterhouses that butchered and processed hundreds of thousands of pigs each year?
Cincinnati
The "German triangle" in the mid-nineteenth century referred to:
Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee—cities with large German populations.
How did the market revolution change the way Americans conceived of time?
Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time.
How did colonial politics compare with British politics?
Colonists tended to agree with the British that owning property was related to having the right to vote.
Which of the following was a characteristic of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation?
Congress could not levy taxes or regulate commerce.
What was Congress able to accomplish with its Native American policy under the Articles of Confederation?
Congress demanded and received surrenders of large amounts of Indian land north of the Ohio River and in the South.
What was Congress able to accomplish with its native american policy under the articles of confederation?
Congress demanded and received surrenders of large amounts of indian land north of the ohio river and in the south.
Which of the following contributed to the United States going to war in 1812?
Congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada
In the Pequot War of 1637:
Connecticut and Massachusetts soldiers teamed with Narragansett allies to set the main Pequot village afire and kill 500 Pequots.
In the nineteenth century, what product replaced sugar as the world's major crop produced by slave labor?
Cotton