art appreciation

Sculpture in-the-round

3-D carvings that are done using all the sides of a block.

Manhatta

A secret U.S. project for the construction of the atomic bomb.

Assemblage

A three-dimensional composition in which a collection of objects is unified in a sculptural work.

Kinetic sculpture

A type of sculpture that incorporates actual movement as part of the design.

Alfred Stieglitz

American Photo-Secessionist photographer of The Steerage,

Zoopraxiscope

Created by Eadweard Muybridge. May be considered the first movie projector. Projected images from rotating glass disks in rapid succession to give the impression of motion

Marcel Duchamp

Fountain

lithographs

Process of making a print lithograph from a design drawn on a flat stone block with greasy canyon. Ink is applied to the wet stone and adheres only to the greasy areas of the design

Subtractive process

Processes that remove material to change the size, shape, or surface of a part. There are two groups of separating processes: machining and shearing.

Persistence of Vision

Refers to the way our eyes retain images for a split second longer than they actually appear, making a series of quick flashes appear as one continuous picture

Free-standing

Sculpture surrounded on all sides by space

Eadweard Muybridge

The Kinetoscope, the first continuous-film motion picture viewing machine was inspired by which artist's work?

line engraving

The line is cut directly into the plate with hard steel burins of different sizes.

Additive process

The process of creating an object by adding small pieces or layers together to make a final product.

lithography

The process or method of printing from a metal or stone surface

Nam June Paik

This artist is best known for expanding the traditional limitations of artistic media by incorporating video and electronic media into his or her artwork, as can be seen in Video Flag Z.

high relief

a carved panel where the figures project with a great deal of depth from the background

camera obscura

a darkened enclosure in which images of outside objects are projected through a small aperture or lens onto a facing surface

aquatint

a method of etching (intaglio) that imitates the broad tints of a water color

Intaglio:

a printing technique in which an image is printed from a recessed design incised or etched into the surface of a plate

drypoint

a printmaking technique (intaglio) involving drawing directly onto the surface of a metal plate with a sharp, pointed tool, often with a diamond point

Pictorialism

a school of photography that employed soft focus, special filters and lens coatings, darkroom manipulation, and innovative printing processes to try to match the aesthetic effects of painting and printmaking

etching

an intaglio printmaking technique in which a metal plate is covered with an acid-resistant ground and worked with an etching needle to create an image.

Earthworks

artworks created by altering a large area of land using natural and organic materials. Earthworks are usually large-scale projects that take formal advantage of the local topography.

daguerreotypes

first commercially successful photographic process

Site-specific sculpture

is artwork created to exist in a certain place. Typically, the artist takes the location into account while planning and creating the artwork.

Armature

n. something that supports a sculpture

calotypes

or talbotype is an early photographic process introduced in 1841 by William Henry Fox Talbot, using paper coated with silver iodide.

Low relief

sculptural relief that projects very little from the background; also called bas-relief