Art Ch. 4 Study Guide
A specific spot or figure
Focal point
Refers to the size and shape, scale and proportion of a two dimensional plane
Format
A form gathers visual weight as it moves closer to...
The edge of the picture
In De Hooch's painting....
The patters of floor tiles and windows play off against the fireplace and ceiling. - The rectangular shape provides a unifying structure
What element of Robert Rauschenberg's "Gift for Apollo" helps to unify the assemblage?
The placement of the chain
What distinguishes the use of balance in sculpture from its use in painting?
sculpture must consider balance from structural purposes
Architects often imply ?
symmetrical balance it is easier to comprehend than asymmetry. Shows unity.
Why do many public buildings employ symmetrical balance in their designs?
symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence
In "Jockeys Before the Race" Edgar Degas uses what three objects to shift the viewer's attention to the left side of the canvas?
the circular form of the sun, the horses in the distance, the Jockeys red cap
Which architectural feature contributes a sense of rhythm to the façade of the White House
the columns
Which contributes most to the visual dynamism of Francisco Goya's composition in "Bullfight: The Agility and Daring of Juanito Apinani"?
the contrast of light and dark tones
What element moves our eye toward the empty panel on the left of Ogata Korin's "Cranes"?
the directional force of the birds heads
Which detail in Titian's "Noli Me Tangere" best demonstrates the principle of subordination in design?
the muted colors of the landscape
An analysis of scale in Judd's "Untitled" would be most likely to address...
the overall dimensions of the sculpture
What element of John Mccracken's "Untiled" seems to offer some variety?
the reflective surface
A person typically experiences scale in relation to...
the size of his or her body
What three details are used to balance the visual weight of the side of the Christ figure in Titian's "Noli Me Tegere"?
the tree above Christ
What three things appear in Donald Judd's "Untitled"?
the use of color to create unity, the repetition of forms, symmetrical balance
How do the tall green seats provide unity in Jacob Lawrence's "Going Home"?
they create visual rhythm across the composition
According to the text, how do most artists use unity and variety?
they seek a balance of unity and variety
Three ways to create visual balance
1. Two small forms can balance one large form. 2. A small form near the edge can balance a larger form near the center 3. A small complex form can balance a large simple form.
Compare and Contrast Michelangelo and Roettgen's Pieces
1.Materials: Michelangelo-Marble(lively), Roettgen-Wood(rough weathered, aged) 2.Proportions: Michelangelo-Mary is made larger to hold christ in lap, Roettgen-made them of same size but made Chist bony and emaciated, made heads larger out of proportion 3.Expressiveness: Roettgen: Christ's gaunt body expressed the truth of his suffering, which Michelangelo avoided
What is Shuttlecocks
4 huge outlandish shuttlecocks, each 18 ft, mocking solemnity of museum, making it a net
The left and right sides are not the same
Asymmetrical balance
The achievement of equilibrium?
Balance
According to Leon Albertti who was a renaissance architect says that harmony and accord must be given to all the parts in order to achieve a manner that nothing needs to be added or taken away except for the worst of the elements helps to define?
Beauty
Why is Degas' Jockeys Before the Race display asymmetrical balance?
Center of gravity on the right, Solitary circle on the left leading viewer's eyes through warm colors
The combining of parts or elements to from a whole, the structure, organization or total form of a work of art.
Composition
Which term refers to the organization of visual elements in a painting or photograph?
Composition
Juxtaposition of strongly dissimilar elements
Contrast
Women with Mirror, Canvas #13 is an example of?
Contrast in a work of art
"Posterity The Holy Place"
Damien Hirst shows a work of symmetrical balance - Uses butterflies, resembles a stained glass window, but doesn't need light to show beauty
How can you make contrast?
Dark against light, large against small
Example of Asymmetrical balance?
Degas "Jockey's Before the Race"
The process of arranging visual elements into a finished work.
Design
Paths that help lead the eye through a composition to focal point through actual or implied lines.
Directional Forces
It is important in a unified work of art that the design should...
Dominate the individual parts
Draws attention to an area
Emphasis
Symmetrical balance
Exact matching of left and right sides of a three-dimensional form or two-dimensional composition.
True or False: Rhythm in the visual arts is based on a theory that music and the visual arts are alike and that shapes symbolize notes in music?
False
Makes important people larger than other figures in art
Hierarchial
Small scale works help to rebuild ....?
Intricate detail and intricate colors
How does the change in scale of the "5" function in Charles Demuth's "I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold"?
It draws the viewer deeper into the painting
A work of art is balance when ?
It feels balanced
"Going Home"
Jacob Lawrence balanced by unity and variety - Uses lines, shapes, and colors in the train seats, luggage, and figures. - Repetition in the seats and windows.
Both _____ and ______ depicted their daily life in a style relevant to his times.
Jacob and Lawrence and Pieter De Hooch
"Noli Me Tangere"
Lavinia Fotana - Seems balanced, the imbalances are kept in check.
What visual element is commonly used to create directional force in painting?
Line
Identify an example of repetition that is also a good contrasting piece, and why?
Luster-Painted Bowl
"Cranes"
Ogata Korin used both repetition and rhythm
A repetitive ordering of design elements is called a...
Pattern
Refers to a repetitive ordering of design elements
Pattern
"Interior of a Dutch House"
Pieter de Hooch - Used the depiction of space provides the unity in the composition.
Ancient Greeks and Romans believed that controlling design of architecture,sculpture, and painting is done through
Proportion
Size relationship of parts to a whole
Proportion
lends unity, continuity, flow, and emphasis
Repetition
Any kind of movement or structure of dominant and subordinate elements in sequence is called...
Rhythm
Any kind of movement or structure of dominant, subordinate sequence
Rhythm
"Gift for Apollo"
Robert Raushcenberg - Shows the passage of time - Uses mixed media, but changes it to combine.
The size relation of one thing to another
Scale
What design principle does Cildo Meireles employ in his work "Cruzeiro do Sul (Southern Cross)" to underscore his commentary about the lack of attention given to countries in the Southern Hemisphere?
Scale
What design principle is obviously distorted to create greater impact in Claes Oldenburg and Coosej van Bruggen's "Shuttlecocks"?
Scale
Francisco Goya's "bullfight"
Shows the use of directional forces.
James Hoban's Design for the president's house (now known as the white house) is an example of a _________?
Symmetrical drawing
In Progression of Large Reclining Nude why was the last chosen?
The creator was changing the design to simplify and flatten composition
True or False: Change in proportion can make a difference in viewer's experience of a subject
True
True or False: Regardless of principle, most artists rely on sensitivity to what " looks right" Art is balanced when it "feels right"
True
The appearance or condition of oneness. The elements make up a whole.
Unity
They also believed that mathematical relations are able to reveal ?
Universal truths
Provides diversity, acts to counter unity.
Variety
In Lyubov Poprova's "The Pianist", the white repeated forms add rhythm and..
allude to the subject matter
Kim MacConnel's use of color in "Woman with Mirror, Canvas #13" exemplifies the design principle of...
contrast
What did Matisse create by moving the figure's right leg down slightly in his version of "Large Reclining Nude"?
directional force
How does an artist's use of of directional forces differ from the use of emphasis and subordination in a work of art?
directional forces create a path around the work of art
What distinguishes the use of a focal point to give emphasis in a work of art?
emphasis is given to a specific area or detail
A strong sense of directional force might be used in order to...
emphasize a paintings focal point
The distorted proportions of the Roettgen "Pietà" adds to its...
expressive effect
What design problem is presented by the subject matter of Lavina Fontana's "Noli Me Tangere"?
foregrounding the standing prostrate figures
How did Michelangelo solve the problem presented by his subject matter in the "Pietà"?
he made the bodies of Mary and Christ disproportionate to one another.
Damien Hirst's use of symmetry in "Posterity - The Holy Place" serves what key purpose in the design?
it creates unity
How did the addition of horizontal lines to the couch change Matisse's final version of "Large Relining Nude"?
it reduced downward directional force
Why is it possible for a small yellow form to balance a large blue form?
warm colors heavier than cool colors