art history unit 5

Canaletto

Ability to paint detailed scenes became quite popular with tourists who were traveling Europe on their "Grand Tour."

doctrine of empiricism

According to many historians, Locke's greatest contribution to the world was his belief called the "_____________".

Boucher

Added a sense of playfulness and sensuality to his portraits.

Doric Column

the oldest and simplest column that has fluted sides and a smooth rounded top with no base

aristocracy

After 1715, the ____________ made a surge into the societal and political realms.

Pompeii

Another reason for the big interest in the Classical style of art was the big excavations of Herculaneum (started in 1738) and _____________ (1748).

Diderot

Became the editor of the famous Encyclopidie.

Napolean

Because David seemed to be quite the adaptable painter and was fond of living, he figured out a way to paint for ____.

Renaissance

Charles Willson Peale certainly could be considered a _______ man; he was a painter, a naturalist, a soldier, a museum curator, and had interest in several other areas.

Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism

During the late 1700s and much of the 1800s, there were three big "isms" that overlapped each other and competed for the attention

flesh

Gilbert Stuart was another Neoclassic painter in America at this time, and his strong will against following the "rules" of painting __________________ made him one of the most memorable.

Fragonard

He combined techniques from Watteau and Boucher in his own art.

Howitt

He etched majestic creatures and competitive sports.

Hunter

He was a doctor who pioneered anatomical drawings to be used as a teaching tool.

barbarians

Ingres defended vehemently against having these Romantic "______________," as he called them, affect the classic qualities of Neoclassicism.

Newton

Insisted on solid proof and data when it came to scientific research.

Ingres

Just like David was inspired by the Pieta in his portrayal of Marat, _______________ had Raphael's School of Athens that gave him inspiration.

humble

Kauffmann takes the ____________________ and sweet message that Greuze and his companions shared and placed it in an ancient setting.

portrait

Kneller took ________________ painting to an industrial level.

scienfitic

Newton's theories and experiments took the ________ revolution to a whole new level.

Marie Antoinette

One of Vigée-Lebrun's most loyal patrons was ____________.

Copley

Painted the portrait of Paul Revere.

Lincoln Memorial

Picture is on the back of the five-dollar bill and penny.

The Grand Style

Reynolds was well known for his portrait paintings where he emphasized what was called "____________" which paradoxically brought perfection to imperfect traits.

natural

Rousseau's views were known and widely read, and many think it was because of his influence that the taste of the art world went from the flashy Rococo to a more simplistic and ___________ style.

depth

Some of the distinguishing features in Neoclassical paintings are severe, carefully drawn figures which are usually in the foreground as there is not as much interest in ____________.

indulgent

The Enlightenment was occurring and people began to question the Rococo whimsical, ______ style of art.

doric columns

The Lincoln Memorial has 36 _________________ that represent the 36 states that existed when Lincoln died.

Rococo

The architecture of the time set the stage for a new, softer, more feminine style.

obelisk

The design Mills came up with for the Washington Monument did not escape controversy when he sent in a design that was a(n) ______-shaped monument and very elaborate statues.

Madame de Pompadour

The famous and quite powerful mistress of Louis XV, took Boucher as her painter and commissioned several pieces from him.

United States Capitol

The fresco in the ___________ is called the Apotheosis of Washington and has telling signs of how much our Nation's art and architecture has roots in Classic art.

fluid

The lines in the panels of the walls were more ____________________ than earlier art, and the influence of the shell shape with the curving sprays of leaves gives off a very lighthearted feel.

gabbro

The modern style Lin chose for the Vietnam Veterans Monument included the use of a stone called ____________ which is a black, shiny stone.

reason

The true essence of The Enlightenment was based on using _____ to look at the world.

isms

This is the period that many art historians will call the age or birth of the "____."

Rococo

This throwback and "new" interest was, again, a reaction to the fancy, overdone _____________________________ art.

Buildings

To commemorate the AIA's 150th anniversary, the organization wanted to get a sense of America's favorite ___.

Kneller

Was a major portrait artist of the time and painted all of the Kit-Kat members.

Kauffmann

Was part of the Blue Stocking organization.

Paris

Was the social capital in the 18th century.

color

Watteau's use of _______ is unparalleled from this era.

battlefield

West was well known for his _________________ scenes that showed his attention to details and realism.

John Locke

What Newton did for Mathematics and Science, __________ did for political and social philosophy

Copley

What _________________ did was to give attention to the "new" honest American public.

symbolism and allegories

While Boucher's portraits were well known, he was also famous for his use of ______ and ______.

Trumbull

With a little help from the famous Thomas Jefferson, ________ began his work on Declaration of Independence.

Industrialism

With the science movement spurred on by The Enlightenment that also brought about ______________, people were trying to catch up with all the exciting and unpredictable progress.

politically

Women were holding higher positions _________.

Reynolds

_____ captured many military heroes using "The Grand Style" technique.

Chardin

_____ found inspiration in the country life of families.

Greuze

______ embraced Rousseau's philosophy and painted "simple" moments.

Obelisk

an upright, four-sided pillar that tapers as it rises and is found in Egyptian art

Gothic

architecture identified by buttresses and by vaulting and pointed arches

Frieze

decorated band on an outside wall usually decorated in a low relief sculpture and lettering

Ionic Column

scroll-shaped decorations at the top of column look a lot like a ram's horns

Corinthian Column

tops were decorated with olive and laurel leaves