art history unit 5
Canaletto
Ability to paint detailed scenes became quite popular with tourists who were traveling Europe on their "Grand Tour."
doctrine of empiricism
According to many historians, Locke's greatest contribution to the world was his belief called the "_____________".
Boucher
Added a sense of playfulness and sensuality to his portraits.
Doric Column
the oldest and simplest column that has fluted sides and a smooth rounded top with no base
aristocracy
After 1715, the ____________ made a surge into the societal and political realms.
Pompeii
Another reason for the big interest in the Classical style of art was the big excavations of Herculaneum (started in 1738) and _____________ (1748).
Diderot
Became the editor of the famous Encyclopidie.
Napolean
Because David seemed to be quite the adaptable painter and was fond of living, he figured out a way to paint for ____.
Renaissance
Charles Willson Peale certainly could be considered a _______ man; he was a painter, a naturalist, a soldier, a museum curator, and had interest in several other areas.
Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism
During the late 1700s and much of the 1800s, there were three big "isms" that overlapped each other and competed for the attention
flesh
Gilbert Stuart was another Neoclassic painter in America at this time, and his strong will against following the "rules" of painting __________________ made him one of the most memorable.
Fragonard
He combined techniques from Watteau and Boucher in his own art.
Howitt
He etched majestic creatures and competitive sports.
Hunter
He was a doctor who pioneered anatomical drawings to be used as a teaching tool.
barbarians
Ingres defended vehemently against having these Romantic "______________," as he called them, affect the classic qualities of Neoclassicism.
Newton
Insisted on solid proof and data when it came to scientific research.
Ingres
Just like David was inspired by the Pieta in his portrayal of Marat, _______________ had Raphael's School of Athens that gave him inspiration.
humble
Kauffmann takes the ____________________ and sweet message that Greuze and his companions shared and placed it in an ancient setting.
portrait
Kneller took ________________ painting to an industrial level.
scienfitic
Newton's theories and experiments took the ________ revolution to a whole new level.
Marie Antoinette
One of Vigée-Lebrun's most loyal patrons was ____________.
Copley
Painted the portrait of Paul Revere.
Lincoln Memorial
Picture is on the back of the five-dollar bill and penny.
The Grand Style
Reynolds was well known for his portrait paintings where he emphasized what was called "____________" which paradoxically brought perfection to imperfect traits.
natural
Rousseau's views were known and widely read, and many think it was because of his influence that the taste of the art world went from the flashy Rococo to a more simplistic and ___________ style.
depth
Some of the distinguishing features in Neoclassical paintings are severe, carefully drawn figures which are usually in the foreground as there is not as much interest in ____________.
indulgent
The Enlightenment was occurring and people began to question the Rococo whimsical, ______ style of art.
doric columns
The Lincoln Memorial has 36 _________________ that represent the 36 states that existed when Lincoln died.
Rococo
The architecture of the time set the stage for a new, softer, more feminine style.
obelisk
The design Mills came up with for the Washington Monument did not escape controversy when he sent in a design that was a(n) ______-shaped monument and very elaborate statues.
Madame de Pompadour
The famous and quite powerful mistress of Louis XV, took Boucher as her painter and commissioned several pieces from him.
United States Capitol
The fresco in the ___________ is called the Apotheosis of Washington and has telling signs of how much our Nation's art and architecture has roots in Classic art.
fluid
The lines in the panels of the walls were more ____________________ than earlier art, and the influence of the shell shape with the curving sprays of leaves gives off a very lighthearted feel.
gabbro
The modern style Lin chose for the Vietnam Veterans Monument included the use of a stone called ____________ which is a black, shiny stone.
reason
The true essence of The Enlightenment was based on using _____ to look at the world.
isms
This is the period that many art historians will call the age or birth of the "____."
Rococo
This throwback and "new" interest was, again, a reaction to the fancy, overdone _____________________________ art.
Buildings
To commemorate the AIA's 150th anniversary, the organization wanted to get a sense of America's favorite ___.
Kneller
Was a major portrait artist of the time and painted all of the Kit-Kat members.
Kauffmann
Was part of the Blue Stocking organization.
Paris
Was the social capital in the 18th century.
color
Watteau's use of _______ is unparalleled from this era.
battlefield
West was well known for his _________________ scenes that showed his attention to details and realism.
John Locke
What Newton did for Mathematics and Science, __________ did for political and social philosophy
Copley
What _________________ did was to give attention to the "new" honest American public.
symbolism and allegories
While Boucher's portraits were well known, he was also famous for his use of ______ and ______.
Trumbull
With a little help from the famous Thomas Jefferson, ________ began his work on Declaration of Independence.
Industrialism
With the science movement spurred on by The Enlightenment that also brought about ______________, people were trying to catch up with all the exciting and unpredictable progress.
politically
Women were holding higher positions _________.
Reynolds
_____ captured many military heroes using "The Grand Style" technique.
Chardin
_____ found inspiration in the country life of families.
Greuze
______ embraced Rousseau's philosophy and painted "simple" moments.
Obelisk
an upright, four-sided pillar that tapers as it rises and is found in Egyptian art
Gothic
architecture identified by buttresses and by vaulting and pointed arches
Frieze
decorated band on an outside wall usually decorated in a low relief sculpture and lettering
Ionic Column
scroll-shaped decorations at the top of column look a lot like a ram's horns
Corinthian Column
tops were decorated with olive and laurel leaves