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________ is/are a new technology which trade(s) off storage space savings for computing time.

Column databases

The real-time data warehouse is characterized by which of the following?

Data are immediately transformed and loaded into the warehouse.

Which of the following organizational trends does not encourage the need for data warehousing?

Downsizing

Which of the following is NOT an objective of derived data?

Eliminate the need for application software

OLAP tools that use the database as a traditional relational database are called:

OLAP tools.

________ technologies are allowing more opportunities for real-time data warehouses.

RFID

All of the following are ways to handle changing dimensions EXCEPT:

create a snowflake schema.

A logical data mart is a(n):

data mart created by a relational view of a slightly denormalized data warehouse.

A data mart is a(n):

data warehouse that is limited in scope.

When determining the size of a fact table, estimating the number of possible values for each dimension associated with the fact table is equivalent to:

determining the number of possible values for each foreign key in the fact table.

A star schema contains both fact and ________ tables.

dimension

Going from a summary view to progressively lower levels of detail is called data:

drill-down

Which of the following advances in information systems contributed to the emergence of data warehousing?

Advances in middleware products that enabled enterprise database connectivity across heterogeneous platforms.

Which of the following data-mining techniques searches for patterns and correlations in large data sets?

Rule discovery

A database action that results from a transaction is called a(n):

event.

Factless fact tables may apply when:

we are taking inventory of the set of possible occurrences.

Operational and informational systems are generally separated because of which of the following factors?

A data warehouse centralizes data that are scattered throughout disparate operational systems and makes them readily available for decision support applications.

________ is an ill-defined term applied to databases where size strains the ability of commonly used relational DBMSs to manage the data.

Big data

Which of the following factors drive the need for data warehousing?

Businesses need an integrated view of company information.

Which of the following data-mining techniques identifies clusters of observations with similar characteristics?

Clustering and signal processing

Which of the following is true of data visualization?

Correlations and clusters in data can be easily identified.

A class of database technology used to store textual and other unstructured data is called:

NoSQL.

Which of the following data-mining applications identifies customers for promotional activity?

Target marketing

All of the following are some beneficial applications for real-time data warehousing EXCEPT:

data entry.

When we consider data in the data warehouse to be time-variant, we mean:

data in the warehouse contain a time dimension so that they may be used to study trends and changes.

Grain and duration have a direct impact on the size of ________ tables.

fact

The level of detail in a fact table determined by the intersection of all the components of the primary key, including all foreign keys and any other primary key elements, is called the:

grain.

The analysis of summarized data to support decision making is called:

informational processing.

An operational data store (ODS) is a(n):

integrated, subject-oriented, updateable, current-valued, detailed database designed to serve the decision support needs of operational users.

A dependent data mart:

is filled exclusively from the enterprise data warehouse with reconciled data.

All of the following are limitations of the independent data mart EXCEPT:

it is often more expedient to build a data mart than a data warehouse.

The use of a set of graphical tools that provides users with multidimensional views of their data is called:

on-line analytical processing (OLAP).

Data that are never physically altered once they are added to the store are called ________ data.

periodic

Rotating the view of a multidimensional database for a particular data point is called data:

pivoting.

Data that are detailed, current, and intended to be the single, authoritative source of all decision support applications are called ________ data.

reconciled

Informational systems are designed for all of the following EXCEPT:

running a business in real time.

The characteristic that indicates that a data warehouse is organized around key high-level entities of the enterprise is:

subject-oriented.

Every key used to join the fact table with a dimension table should be a ________ key.

surrogate

One characteristic of independent data marts is complexity for end users when they need to access data in separate data marts. This complexity is caused by not only having to access data from separate databases, but also from:

the possibility of a new generation of inconsistent data systems, the data marts themselves.

All of the following are unique characteristics of a logical data mart EXCEPT:

the process of creating a logical data mart is lengthy.