astronomy 1504 | lecture tutorial | the cause of moon phases

I disagree with student 1 because they are implying the moon alter phases because of the shadow earth casts on the surface of the moon, which is not true. I disagree and agree with student 2. they were right to say half of the moon is always illuminated, but the moon phases do not change due t the shadow of the earth casted on the moon.

do you agree or disagree with either or both of the students?

half of the surface is illuminated

how much of the entire moons surface is illuminated during the new moon phase?

half of the entire moons surface is illuminated and from earth's perspective, half of the visible surface is illuminated

how much of the entire moons surface is illuminated during the third-quarter moon phase? how much of the moon's illuminated surface is visible from earth?

none of the surface that is visible from earth is illuminated

how much of the moon's illuminated surface is visible from Earth for the new moon?

Position D, waning crescent

which moon position best corresponds with the moon phase shown in the upper right corner of figure 1? what phase is this?

F, new moon

which moon position best corresponds with the moon phase shown in the upper right corner of figure 2? what phase is this?