ATI Cardiac/Vascular Disorders Practice Questions

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who took 3 nitroglycerin tablets sublingually for chest pain. The client reports relief from the chest pain but now he is experiencing a headache. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? 1. "A headache is an indication of an allergy to the medication." 2. "A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication." 3. "A headache indicates tolerance to the medication." 4. "A headache is likely due to the anxiety about the chest pain."

2. "A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication."

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina about nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? 1. "Place one tablet under your tongue every 5 minutes for 30 minutes to relieve chest pain." 2. "Nitroglycerin decreases chest pain by dissolving blood clots that are occluding the arteries." 3. "You can store the bottle of tablets in your bathroom medicine cabinet." 4. "Nitroglycerin dilates cardiac blood vessels to deliver more oxygen to the heart."

4. "Nitroglycerin dilates cardiac blood vessels to deliver more oxygen to the heart."

A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative following a vaginal hysterectomy. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT)? 1. Coolness of the leg or legs 2. Decreased pedal pulses 3. Pain in the ankle and foot 4. Unilateral leg edema

4. Unilateral leg edema

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin 125 mcg PO daily. Available is digoxin PO 0.25 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

0.5 tablets

A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) to treat angina pectoris Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. "Place the tablet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water." 2. "The medication can take up to 15 minutes to take effect." 3. "Avoid taking the medication prior to exercising." 4. "Stop taking the medication and notify your provider if you develop a headache."

1. "Place the tablet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water."

A nurse is planning care for a client who has deep vein thrombosis of the lower leg. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? 1. Keep the client's affected leg elevated while in bed 2. Have the client ambulate prior to applying anti embolic stockings 3. Apply ice packs to affected leg 4. Massage the client's affected leg twice a day

1. Keep the client's affected leg elevated while in bed

A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral vascular disease and reports difficulty sleeping because of cold feet. Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse take to promote the client's comfort? 1. Obtain a pair of slipper-socks for the client 2. rub the client's feet briskly for several minutes 3. Increase the client's oral fluid intake. 4. Place a moist heating pad under the client's feet

1. Obtain a pair of slipper-socks for the client

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? 1. Apply a new transdermal patch once a week. 2. Apply the transdermal patch in the morning 3. Apply the transdermal patch in the same location as the previous patch. 4. Apply a new transdermal patch when chest pain is experienced

2. Apply the transdermal patch in the morning

A nurse in a cardiac care unit is caring for a client with acute right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? 1. Decreased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 2. Elevated central venous pressure (CVP) 3. Increased pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) 4. Decreased specific gravity

2. Elevated central venous pressure (CVP)

A home health nurse is making a home visit to a client who takes a daily diuretic for heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indicating the client is hypokalemic? 1. Pitting edema 2. Fatigue 3. Dyspnea 4. Oliguria

2. Fatigue

A nurse is performing an ECG on a client who is experiencing chest pain. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? 1. "You might feel a slight tingling while the test is being done." 2. "The test will be complete in 30 to 60 minutes." 3. "I will need to apply electrodes to your chest and extremities." 4. "The radioactivity from the dye lasts only a few hours."

3. "I will need to apply electrodes to your chest and extremities."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for verapamil for angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. "Limit your fluid intake to meal times." 2. "Do not take this medication on an empty stomach." 3. "Increase your daily intake of dietary fiber." 4. "You can expect swelling of the ankles while taking this medication."

3. "Increase your daily intake of dietary fiber."

A nurse is caring for a client who has valvular heart disease and is at risk for developing left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse the client is developing this condition? 1. Anorexia 2. Weight gain 3. Breathlessness 4. Distended abdomen

3. Breathlessness

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has angina pectoris and a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? 1. "I'll dial 911 if I still have pain after taking 3 nitroglycerin tablets 5 minutes apart." 2. "I'll dial 911 if I still have pain after taking 4 nitroglycerin tablets over a 20-minute period." 3. "I'll dial 911 if I still have pain and then take the nitroglycerin tablets." 4. "I'll dial 911 if 1 nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve my pain, and then take up to 2 more tablets 5 minutes apart while waiting."

4. "I'll dial 911 if 1 nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve my pain, and then take up to 2 more tablets 5 minutes apart while waiting."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is taking warfarin about monitoring its therapeutic effects. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide about the international normalized ratio (INR) test? 1. "The INR also monitors heparin therapy if the provider switches the medication prescription." 2. "The INR is the only test available or anticoagulant therapy monitoring." 3. "You will only need the test twice per month." 4. "The INR is a standardized test that eliminates the variations between laboratories reports in prothrombin times."

4. "The INR is a standardized test that eliminates the variations between laboratories reports in prothrombin times."

A nurse is providing instruction to a new nurse about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. the nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts client sat risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia? 1. Furosemide 2. Hydrochlorothiazide 3. Metolazone 4. Spironolactone

4. Spironolactone

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stable angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain 2. Stop taking the medication if side effects are troublesome. 3. take the medication with meals 4. Swallow the capsules whole.

4. Swallow the capsules whole.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? 1. Exercise at least three times per week 2. take diuretics early in the morning and before bedtime 3. Notify the provider of a weight gain of 0.5 kg (1 lb ) in a week 4. take naproxen for generalized discomfort

1. Exercise at least three times per week

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect? 1. Frothy sputum 2. Dependent edema 3. Nocturnal polyuria 4. Jugular distention

1. Frothy sputum

A nurse is caring for a male client who has peripheral vascular disease (PVD), is taking dietary supplements, and has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should instruct the client to stop which of the following supplements prior to starting the warfarin? (Select all that apply.) 1. Saw palmetto 2. Flaxseed oil 3. Glucosamine 4. Black cohosh 5. Gingko biloba

1. Saw palmetto 3. Glucosamine 5. Gingko biloba

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following techniques should the nurse take? 1. Cleanse the skin with an alcohol swab, insert the needle, aspirate, and inject the heparin. 2. Cleanse the skin with an alcohol swab, insert the needle, aspirate, inject the heparin, and massage the site. 3. Cleanse the skin with an alcohol swab, insert the needle, inject the heparin, and observe for bleeding. 4. Cleanse the skin with an alcohol swab, insert the needle, inject the heparin, aspirate, and observe for bleeding.

3. Cleanse the skin with an alcohol swab, insert the needle, inject the heparin, and observe for bleeding.

A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? 1. Insert the needle at 45 degree angle 2. Aspirate for a blood return before dressing the plunger. 3. The nurse should not expel the air bubble in the profiled syringe. 4. Administer the medication 2.54 cm (1 in ) from the umbilicus.

3. The nurse should not expel the air bubble in the prefilled syringe.

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an adverse effect of the medication? 1. "I can walk a mile a day." 2. "I've had a backache for several days." 3. "I am urinating more frequently." 4. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite."

4. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite."

A nurse is assessing a client who is at risk for deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following findings is a manifestation of DVT? 1. Pallor in the affected extremity 2. Cramping pain in one foot 3. Auscultation of bruit over pedal pulse 4. Groin tenderness

4. Groin tenderness

A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is prescribed furosemide. Which of the following findings is an adverse effects of this medication? 1. Weight gain 2. Increased blood pressure 3. Hypoglycemia 4. Leg cramps

4. Leg cramps