ATI IV Therapy

Which of the following is the correct abbreviation for the IV solution knows as half normal saline?

0.45% NaCl

Hypertonic

Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution. Pulls fluids from into vascular space. Used if client is dehydrated. Greater then (350 mOsm/l) If osmolarity is greater then 500 administer via central line. examples 1. (3% NaCl 1030 mOsm/l) 2. (10% DW 500 mOsm/l) 3. D5 LR 4. D5 0.9% NaCl #4&5 start out hypertonic but become hypotonic as the dextrose is metabolised. Patients receiving hypertonic solutions are at risk for fluid volume overload.

A nurse administers a solution of 3% sodium chloride to the client. What type of solution is this?

Hypertonic

Pulls fluid out of the cells and into the veins

Hypertonic Solution

A nurse administers lactated Ringer's by continuous IV infusion to a client. What type of solution is this?

Isotonic

How is osmolarity measured?

Milliosmoles per liter. (mOsm/L)

Which of the following IV solutions should a nurse use when preparing to administer a blood transfusion?

NaCl

A nurse is caring for a client who has developed fluid overload following continuous IV infusion of 200 mL/hr. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate?

Reduce IV rate to 30 mL/hr

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving an IV medication. The client reports dizziness and tight feeling in his chest. The nurse notes that the client's face is flushed. These findings indicate which of the following system complication of IV therapy?

Speed shock

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving IV therapy. Which of the following measures should the nurse include to prevent phlebitis?

Use a small-gauge catheter when initiating IV therapy

A nurse is reviewing the label affixed to a bag of IV medication for an intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following information should appear on the label to meet the Institute of Safe Medication Practice recommendations?

- Client's MRN - Infusion time for medication - Diluent solution - Expiration date of medication

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an antibiotic by intermittent IV infusion. The client reports feelings short of breath and is wheezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

- Initiate oxygen - Call the rapid response team - Elevate the head of the client's bed 45 degrees

How many calories does a liter of D5W provide?

170 calories

A nurse should administer lactated Ringer's, which contains lactate, to treat a client who has which of the following disorders?

Acidosis

Hypotonic

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution in humans less then 200 mOsm/l Example 0.45% Nacl ( 145 mOsm/l) Moves fluid from the inter vascular space into interstitial cellular space. Used to treat dehydrated patients to move water into cells outside of the veins. Risks: can cause cell rupture (hemolysis) cerebral edema in patients with a head injury

Isotonic

Having the same solute concentration outside a cell as inside the cell. Isotonic solutions have about 200-350 (mOsm/L) which is close to extracellular fluid in the human body Examples 0.9% NaCl (308 mOsm/l) and Lactated Ringers Solutions ( 273 mOsm/l)

A nurse is preparing to use the piggyback method to administer a secondary IV medication. The administration set does not have a back flow valve. Where should the nurse place the secondary bag?

Higher than the primary bag

A nurse administers D5W by continuous IV infusion to a client. After the dextrose is metabolized, what type of solution is this?

Hypotonic

Remains in the intravascular space

Isotonic Solution

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving norepinephrine (Levophed) by continuous IV infusion. During a routine assessment of the IV site, the nurse notes that the catheter is no longer in the vein and the vesicant medication has infused into the subcutaneous tissue. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Stop the infusion and prepare to administer an antidote

A nurse is preparing to administer three medications. Identify the sequence in which the medications should be administered A. Cefotaxime (Claforan) 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL by intermittent IV bolus B. Furosemide (Lasix) 20 mg in 0.9% sodium chloride in 1 mL by IV bolus over 1 min C. Famotidine (pepcid) 20 mg in 0.9% sodium chloride in 20 mL over 2 min

B. Furosemide (Lasix) 20 mg in 0.9% sodium chloride in 1 mL by IV bolus over 1 min C. Famotidine (pepcid) 20 mg in 0.9% sodium chloride in 20 mL over 2 min A. Cefotaxime (Claforan) 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL by intermittent IV bolus Rationale: When you plan to administer multiple medications that are prescribed at the same time, first administer the medication in the smallest amount of diluent with the shortest administration time.

D5W used when

Because the glucose is rapidly metabolized this solution becomes hypotonic quickly, it used sometimes to provide IV medications with intermittent blosus. It is not readily used with diabetic patients because of the available glucose sugars.

A nurse is observing a newly license nurse administer an intermittent IV bolus of meperidine (Demerol) to a client who has an IV infusion of 5% dextrose in water. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse requires intervention by the nurse?

Flushing the line with 0.9% sodium chloride prior to administering the medication

Rupture of hemolysis of cells occurs with administration of which of the following types of solution?

Hypotonic

Moves fluid from the veins to the cells and interstitial spaces

Hypotonic Solution

What is the common name for the IV solution sodium chloride?

Normal saline