ATI Pharmacology Made Easy

A nurse is caring for a client who arrived at an emergency department following a bee sting. Which of the following indicates an anaphylactic reaction? (Select all that apply.) -low blood pressure -wheezing -bradycardia -peripheral edema -difficulty swallowing

ANS: -low blood pressure -wheezing -difficulty swallowing

A nurse is teaching a client who received a prescription for interferon beta 1a for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Administer the drug in your thigh or upper arm

A nurse should identify that timolol is contraindicated for a client who has which of the following disorders? Asthma Seizure disorder Diabetes mellitus Rheumatoid arthritis

Asthma

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for betaxolol eye drops. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching? Constricted pupils Discoloration of the iris Hypertension Bradycardia

Bradycardia

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking interferon beta 1b. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a potential serious adverse effect of this drug?

Fatigue

a nurse is teaching a client about adverse effects of etanercept. which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?

I will need to get my blood drawn periodically while on this medication.

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking selegiline to treat Parkinson disease. The provider is considering the use of analgesics for the client but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegiline and meperidine cane result in which of the following?

Muscular rigidity

A nurse is administering fentanyl to a client to reduce pain. Which of the following drugs should the nurse have available to reverse the effects of fentanyl?

Naloxone

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking donepezil to treat Alzheimer's disease. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Nausea

alendronate is contraindicated for administration to clients who have which of the following conditions?

inability to sit upright

which of the following is a therapeutic action of raloxifene?

mimics the effects of estrogen on bone tissue.

a nurse is caring for a client who was diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis. which of the following actions should the nurse take prior to administering calcitonin-salmon to the client for the first time?

use skin testing to check the client for allergies.

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for calcitonin-salmon about manifestations of hypercalcemia. which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?

vomiting

a nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for etancercept. which of the following statements should the nurse make?

you should report signs of infection to your provider immediately.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking venlafaxine to treat major depressive disorder. The nurse should identify that. which of the following drugs can cause serotonin syndrome when taken concurrently with venlafaxine? Alprazolam Phenytoin ​Phenelzine Pilocarpine

​Phenelzine

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for diazepam for anxiety disorders. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? "It is not a big deal if I forget my pills for a couple of days." "I should limit alcohol intake to one drink daily while taking this medication." "I will avoid salt because this medication can increase my blood pressure." "If I become pregnant, it is important to let my health care provider know."

"If I become pregnant, it is important to let my health care provider know."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for fluoxetine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? "Weigh yourself twice a month." "If you have persistent headaches, let the provider know." "Reduce your daily sodium intake." "If your symptoms don't improve in 10 days, you will need a higher dosage."

"If you have persistent headaches, let the provider know."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for busprione to treat anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? "Take a missed dose as soon as you remember." "Take the drug as needed at the first sign of anxious feelings." "Take the drug in the morning with a glass of grapefruit juice." "Drink a cup of chamomile tea at night with the drug."

"Take a missed dose as soon as you remember."

A nurse is obtaining a client's health history. The client reports no allergies but has experienced mild itching while taking amoxicillin in the past. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? -"itching is an expected adverse effect of amoxicillin." -"itching can indicate amoxicillin toxicity." -"itching can indicate a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin." -"itching can result from dry skin, which is often caused by amoxicillin."

ANS: -"itching can indicate a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin."

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a drug that has a receptor agonist effect. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? -"this will increase the effects of normal cellular functions." -"this prevents cells in your body from performing certain actions." -"this prevents hormones in your body from attaching to cell receptor sites." -"this minimizes the risk that the medications you take will become toxic."

ANS: -"this will increase the effects of normal cellular functions."

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a drug. After receiving the first dose of the drug, the client experiences anaphylaxis. The nurse should identify that anaphylaxis represents which of the following results of the drug? -adverse effect -paradoxical effect -therapeutic effect -toxicity

ANS: -adverse effect

A nurse is caring for a client who is newly admitted to the facility for chest pain. At which of the following times should the nurse begin teaching about drugs and discharge planning? -after the client has a definitive diagnosis -on the days of discharge -when the clients family members are present -as soon as possible

ANS: -as soon as possible

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetaminophen and codeine for pain relief. These analgesics drugs interact with one another to cause an additive effect. The nurse should identify that which of the following are characteristics of additive drug interactions? (Select all that apply.) -clients can achieve desired effects with the use of lower dosages -taking the two drugs together can reduce the effects of one or both drugs -taking the two drugs together can potentiate the effects of one of both drugs -the two drugs can produce an action neither would have produced alone -both drugs have similar actions

ANS: -clients can achieve desired effects with the use the lower dosages -both drugs have similar actions

A nurse is teaching a client about the adverse effects of digoxin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? -"adverse effects are the intended effects of the medications" -"adverse effects indicate a severe allergy to the medication." -"decrease your medication dose if adverse affects occur." -"contact your provider if adverse effects occur."

ANS: -contact your provider is adverse effect occur

A nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. In which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the client can receive the drug? -adverse effects -contraindications -implementation -black box warning

ANS: -contraindications

A nurse is teaching a client about naproxen enteric-coated tablets. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? -"drug absorption occurs in the stomach." -"you should expect immediate absorption of the drug." -"you should allow the tablet to dissolve in you mouth." -"do not crush or chew tablet."

ANS: -do not crush or chew the tablet

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of renal insufficiency and is taking lithium. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following? -tolerance to the drug -drug interaction -drug toxicity -dependence on the drug

ANS: -drug toxicity

A nurse is speaking to a client who is taking sertraline and reports drinking grapefruit juice. The nurse explains that grapefruit juice inhibits an enzyme in the liver that is used to metabolize sertraline. The nurse should recognize that client's risk for which of the following? -reducing drug absorption -drug dependence -altered drug distribution -drug toxicity

ANS: -drug toxicity

A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty remembering to take their prescribed drug three times a day. The nurse should identify that which of the following alternate forms of the drug can help to promote adherence to the prescribed dosage? -liquid suspension -immediate-release capsule -extended-release tablet -powder form

ANS: -extended-release tablet

A nurse is providing teaching to a pregnant client who is taking captopril, an ACE inhibitor, to treat hypertension. The nurse informs the client that captopril is a teratogenic drug. The nurse should explain that teratogenic drugs can cause which of the following? -maternal bleeding -maternal blood clots -gestational diabetes mellitus -fetal malformation

ANS: -fetal malformation

A nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. In which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the drug has more than one use? -adverse effects -indications -pharmacokinetics -nursing implications

ANS: -indications

When reviewing a list of drugs in a drug handbook, a nurse can identify the generic names for a drug in which of the following ways? -it begins with a lower-case letter -it is listed in parentheses along with the trade name -there are both letters and numbers in the name -the chemical name is listed in parenthesis before the generic name

ANS: -it begins with a lower-case letter

A nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum and breastfeeding. The client asks the nurse about the effects that taking over-the-counter drugs will have on her newborn. Which of the following should the nurse consider when recommending a drug for the client? (Select all that apply.) -the newborns weight -how much breast milk the newborn consumes each day -whether or not the benefits to the client outweigh the risks to the newborn -the properties of the drug -the route of administration of the drug

ANS: -newborn's weight -how much breast milk the newborn consumes each day -whether or not the benefits tot he mother outweigh the risks to the newborn -properties of the drug

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a drug with a high potential for toxicity. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) -periodic laboratory tests are essential to measure serum drug levels -monitoring for indications of toxicity is important -taking the drug with an inducing agent will increase the possibility of toxicity -taking the smallest effective dose is crucial -increasing fluid intake is recommended to avoid toxicity

ANS: -periodic laboratory tests are essential to measure serum drug levels -monitoring for indications of toxicity is important -taking the smallest effective dose is crucial

A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed an antidepressant based on its ability to prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitters. The nurse should identify that which of the following terms describes why this drug was prescribed for the client? -pharmacologic action -chemical stability -route -adverse effects

ANS: -pharmacologic action

A nurse is reviewing a drug handbook prior to administering a drug to a client who has kidney disease. The handbook states that the drug can be administered but identifies certain risks. Which of the following terms describes these risks? -contraindications -precautions -paradoxical effects -adverse effects

ANS: -precautions

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving nitroglycerin IV and is switching to the oral form of the drug. The nurse should identify that the oral dose will be hight than the IV dose for which of the following reasons? -the IV form crosses the blood-brain barrier -the oral form has a decreased half life -the oral form has decreased bioavailability because of the first-pass effect -the oral form has an increased rate of excretion

ANS: -the oral form has decreased bioavilability because of the first-pass effect

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking diphenhydramine for insomnia and reports drowsiness. The nurse should identify that drowsiness indicates which of the following? -therapeutic effect -adverse reaction -contraindication -precaution

ANS: -therapeutic effect

A nurse is obtaining a client's health history and discovers that the client takes loratadine, and over-the-counter drug. The nurse should identify that which of the following is correct regarding over-the-counter drugs? (Select all the apply.) -they do not require the supervision of a nurse -they can interact with other drugs -they should be included in the clients drug history assessment -they are less effective than prescription drugs -they do not cause toxicity

ANS: -they do not require the supervision of the nurse -they can interact the other drugs -the should be included in the client's drug history assessment

A nurse is reviewing drugs in a drug reference. The nurse should identify that drugs in the same class share which of the following similarities? -they have similar mechanisms of actions -they have the same half-life -they are administered by the same route -they have the similar availability

ANS: -they have similar mechanisms of actions

A nurse is preparing to teach a client about a newly prescribed drug. Prior to providing teaching, the nurse should review the precautions section of a drug handbook for which of the following reasons? -to determine drug-food interactions -to determine if dosage modification is indicated -to determine how the drug is absorbed -to determine availability

ANS: -to determine if dosage modification is indicated

A nurse is preparing to teach a client how to take care of a newly created colostomy. The nurse should identify that which of the following factors can decrease the client's ability to learn? (Select all that apply.) -Impaired cognitive level -language barrier -discomfort -repetition of teaching -unreadiness to learn

ANS: -impaired cognitive level -language barrier -discomfort -unreadiness to learn

A nurse is caring for a client who recently began taking chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia and who was admitted to the emergency room with spasms of their face and back. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse suspect? Cholinergic crisis Serotonin syndrome Stevens-Johnson syndrome Acute dystonia

Acute dystonia

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for buspirone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Take the drug with grapefruit juice to increase absorption. Use the drug as needed for anxiety. Allow 2 to 4 weeks for full therapeutic effects. Take the drug on an empty stomach.

Allow 2 to 4 weeks

A nurse is assessing a client who has been taking alprazolam for several days. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse drug reaction caused by alprazolam? Anxiety Ringing in the ears Increased appetite Muscle spasms

Anxiety

A nurse is providing teaching to a client about instilling pilocarpine for managing open angle glaucoma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 1 min after instilling the drops. Do not touch the tip of the dropper. Wash hands after instilling the drops. Rub eyes gently after instilling the drops. Remove contact lenses prior to instilling the drops.

Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 1 min after instilling the drops. Do not touch the tip of the dropper. Remove contact lenses prior to instilling the drops.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Avoid driving until the drugs effects are evident

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for lithium carbonate about reducing the risk of toxicity. Which of the following should the nurse include? Consume a low-sodium diet. Reduce fluid intake. Avoid taking NSAIDs. Take the drug with food.

Avoid taking NSAIDs.

A nurse is teaching a client who has Alzheimers disease and their caregiver about memantine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Avoid taking over the counter antacids

A nurse is teaching the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease about donepezil. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Avoid the use of NSAIDs for pain

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client to avoid adverse effects of this drug?

Begin taking the drug at a low dosage

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizoaffective disorder and who has been prescribed chlorpromazine. Which of the following lab values should the nurse monitor during and immediately after IV administration of the drug? Cardiac output Blood pressure Urine specific gravity Oxygen saturation

Blood pressure

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa carbidopa to treat Parkinson's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is about to begin amitriptyline therapy to treat major depressive disorder. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Select all. Change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing. Do not stop taking the drug abruptly. Wear sunscreen and protective clothing. Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness. Increase fiber and fluid intake.

Change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing. Do not stop taking the drug abruptly. Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness. Increase fiber and fluid intake.

A nurse is teaching a client who is about to genii sumatriptan therapy to treat migraine headaches. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

Chest pain

A nurse is preparing to administer memantine to a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following findings in the client's medical history indicates a need to withhold the drug and notify the provider?

Cirrhosis

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for pramipexole to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should recognize that which of the following laboratory tests requires monitoring?

Creatinine clearanceA

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects?

Diarrhea

A nurse is teaching a client who has new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

Drowsiness Headache Rash

A nurse is reviewing the drug history of a client who is taking lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse to monitor for lithium toxicity? Furosemide for hypertension Acetaminophen for headaches Ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection Montelukast for asthma

Furosemide for hypertension

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for fluoxetine and who reports self administering St Johns wort daily for the past 2 weeks. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of serotonin syndrome? Hallucinations Decreased temperature Hypersexual behavior Constipation

Hallucinations

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for phenelzine. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid tyramine enriched foods because of an increased risk for which of the following adverse effects? Respiratory depression Hypertensive crisis Neuroleptic malignant syndrome Serotonin syndrome

Hypertensive crisis

A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the adverse effects of drug therapy. The nurse should include that orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse reaction of which of the following drugs? Venlafaxine Bupropion Imipramine Valproic acid

Imipramine

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease about how levodopa carbidopa can help control symptoms. The nurse should identify that the drug has which of the following pharmacologic effects?

Increases available dopamine in the brain

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who had a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

Jaundice

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests requires monitoring?

Liver function

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a newly diagnosed seizure disorder and a new prescription for valproic acid and phenytoin. The nurse should identify what which of the following can occur as a result of an interaction between these drugs?

Phenytoin toxicity

A nurse is teaching a client about interferon beta 1a. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client avoid the adverse effects of this drug?

Premeditate with acetaminophen

A nurse is preparing to administer sumatriptan to a client for the first time. The nurse should instruct the client that sumatriptan is indicated for which of the following conditions?

Presence of a migraine headache

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has a new prescription for a reduced dosage of alprazolam for anxiety. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the reason for the prescription modification? Renal function impairment Cataracts Recent weight loss Smoking

Renal function impairment

A nurse is taking care of a client who is receiving methohexital sodium. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Respiratory Depression

When reviewing the indications for various antidepressants, a nurse should identify that bupropion hydrochloride is an appropriate choice for clients who have which of the following conditions? (Select all) Motion sickness Seasonal affective disorder Insomnia Nicotine addiction Depression

Seasonal affective disorder Nicotine addiction Depression

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to the ED with a head injury. The nurse notes that the client has an existing prescription for bupropion hydrochloride to treat depression. For which of the following adverse effects is the client at increased risk? Ischemic stroke Drowsiness Respiratory depression Seizure activity

Seizure activity

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphetamine sulfate. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Tachycardia

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for modafinil to treat narcolepsy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Take the drug in the morning

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium carbonate to treat bipolar disorder. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse recommend that the client undergo periodically? Chest x-ray Tonometry ​ Thyroid function tests Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Thyroid function tests

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for alprazolam. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? (Select all) Tolerance Anxiety Sedation Respiratory depression Constipation

Tolerance Anxiety Sedation Respiratory depression

A nurse is caring for a client who his about to begin taking lithium carbonate to treat bipolar disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following findings as indications of lithium toxicity? Select all Tremors Confusion Bronchospasm Nausea Muscle weakness

Tremors Confusion Nausea Muscle weakness

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for chlorpromazine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Stop taking the drug immediately with the first sign of a sore throat. Wear sunscreen when exposed to sunlight. Take the drug with food to reduce gastrointestinal distress. Take the drug in the morning to prevent nocturia.

Wear sunscreen when exposed to sunlight.

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking amphetamine dextroamphetamine sulfate for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD for 2 weeks. The nurse should report which of the following finding to the provider?

Weight loss of 2.3 kg

A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking alprazolam for an extended period of time to treat anxiety. The nurse should identify that abruptly stopping alprazolam therapy can result in which of the following adverse effects? Anterograde amnesia Respiratory depression Paradoxical reaction Withdrawal symptoms

Withdrawal symptoms

a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for etanercept. which of the following actions should the nurse take?

administer a Tuberculin skin test prior to starting the medication.

a nurse is teaching a client about methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. which of the following information should the nurse include?

avoid being near people who are sick with a communicable illness. periodic laboratory tests are required. report bruising or petechiae avoid drinking alcohol

a nurse is teaching a client about methotrexate. the nurse should inform the client to monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of this drug?

black, tarry stools

a nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription of methotrexate. the nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

bone marrow depression

a nurse is teaching client about raloxifene therapy to prevent osteoporosis. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following indications of an adverse reaction to this drug?

calf pain

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking alendronate to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. the nurse should explain to the client that alendronate increases bone mass by which of the following actions?

decreases activity of osteoclasts

a nurse is teaching about self-administering methotrexate to a client who has rheumatoid arthritis. which of the following statements should the nurse make?

drink 2-3 liters of water per day to promote the drug's excretion.

a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for prednisone and takes 1,500 mg/day of calcium carbonate to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. which of the following information should the nurse inculde?

drink 240ml of water with the calcium tablets chew calcium tablets before swallowing them take the drugs 1 hour apart divide the daily dosage of calcium into three 500-mg doses is correct

a nurse is teaching a client about methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?

i will take a birth control pill everyday

a nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for methotrexate. which of the following drugs would likely be prescribed in conjunction during the initial treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?

ibuprofen

a nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for etanecept. the nurse should identify that etanercept treats rheumatoid arthritis by which of the following actions?

inactivation of tumor necrosis factor.

a nurse is teaching a client about raloxifene. which of the following information should the nurse include?

increase physical activity by taking walks use a contraceptive if there is any possibility of pregnancy increase intake of calcium and vitamin D

a nurse should identify that. a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking etanercept is at an increased risk for which of the following adverse effects?

infection

a nurse should instruct a client who is taking alendronate to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

jaw pain blurred vision muscle pain

a nurse is preparing to administer alendronate to a client who has osteoporosis. the nurse should recognize which of the following as an adverse effect of alendronate?

joint pain

a nurse is teaching a client about calcitonin-salmon intranasal spray to treat osteoporosis. which of the following information should the nurse include?

report rash or itching prime the pump before the first dose report nasal irritation

a nurse is caring for a client who is taking etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following indications of a serious adverse reaction to the drug?

shortness of breath

a nurse is teaching a client who is taking etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor which of the following indications of an adverse reaction to this drug?

skin rash

a nurse is caring for a client who is currently taking methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. the nurse should identify that which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication?

thrombocytopenia