ATI Pharmacology Practice Questions

A nurse is caring for four clients for whom she has to administer oral medications in the morning. The nurse should administer which of the following medications before breakfast? - Alendronate - Digoxin - Mycostatin mouthwash - Divalproex

- Alendronate The client must take alendronate first thing in the morning on an empty stomach and wait at least 30 minutes before eating, drinking, or taking other medications.

A nurse is preparing a client for surgery. Prior to administering the prescribed hydroxyzine, the nurse should explain that the medication is used for which of the following indications? SATA - Controlling emesis - Diminishing anxiety - Reducing the amount of narcotics needed for pain relief - Preventing thrombus formation - Drying secretions

- Controlling emesis - Diminishing anxiety - Reducing the amount of narcotics needed for pain relief - Drying secretions Hydroxyzine is an effective antiemetic and effective antianxiety agent. It potentiates the effects of narcotic pain medications. It is an antihistamine, which causes drying of the oral mucous membranes.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a detached retina and is preoperative for surgical repair. The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following medications? - Phenylephrine - Latanoprost - Pilocarpine - Timolol

- Phenylephrine Mydriatic medications are used to preoperatively dilate the pupils to facilitate intraocular surgery.

A nurse is caring for a client who has active TB and a new prescription for IV rifampin. The nurse should instruct the client that they should expect to experience which of the following manifestations while taking this medication? - Constipation - Black-colored stools - Staining of teeth - Red-colored urine

- Red-colored urine Rifampin will cause urine, stool, saliva, sputum, sweat, and tears to turn reddish-orange to reddish-brown.

A nurse is caring for a 2 y/o child who has seizures and is receiving phenytoin in suspension form. Which of the following actions should the nurse take before administering each dose? - Shake the container vigorously - Be sure the child has not eaten within the hour - Perform mouth care - Check the child's blood pressure

- Shake the container vigorously A suspension form of medication requires the nurse to shake the container because the child can be under-medicated if the medication is not evenly distributed.

A nurse is caring for a client who has ARDS and requires mechanical ventilation. The client receives a prescription for pancuronium. The nurse recognizes that this medication is used for which of the following purposes? - Decreased chest wall compliance - Suppress respiratory effort - Induce sedation - Decrease respiratory secretions

- Suppress respiratory effort Neuromuscular blocking agents induce paralysis and suppress the client's respiratory efforts to the point of apnea.

A nurse is caring for a patient who has an infection and a prescription for gentamicin intermittent IV bolus every 8 hours. A peak and trough is required for the next dose. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to obtain an accurate gentamicin level? - Draw a trough level at 0900 and a peak level at 2100. - Draw a peak level 90 minutes prior to administering the medication and a trough level after the dose. - Draw a trough level immediately prior to administering the medication and a peak level 30 minutes after the dose. - Draw a peak level at 0900 and a trough level at 2100.

- Draw a trough level immediately prior to administering the medication and a peak level 30 minutes after the dose. Correct timing for peak levels is 30 to 60 minutes after the infusion is finished.

A nurse is caring for a client who asks how albuterol helps his breathing. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? SATA - The medication will stimulate the flow of mucous - The medication will prevent wheezing - The medication will open the airways - The medication will reduce inflammation - The medication will decrease coughing episodes

- The medication will prevent wheezing - The medication will open the airways Albuterol is used to prevent or treat wheezing and promotes bronchodilation.