Atoms & The Periodic Table

NA K Do the elements shown in Figure 17-1 belong to the same period or the same group? Are they metals or nonmetals? Do they have similar or different properties?

(....) They belong in the same group but they are in different periods. They are metals. They have similar properties, they are both Alkali Metals.

Albert Einstein once said, "Never memorize anything that can be looked up." If students should not be required to memorize the Periodic Table, what should they learn about it?

...

How many groups are found on the Periodic Table?

18. Remember that groups are VERTICAL

K-40. How many electrons does it have? a. 21 b. 19 c. 40

19

K-40. How may protons does it have? a. 19 b. 21 c. 40

19

46 21 Sc How many protons does Sc have? a. 25 b. 46 c. 21

21

46 21 Sc How many electrons does Sc have? a. 46 b. 25 c. 21

25

46 21 Sc How many neutrons does Sc have? a. 25 b. 21 c. 46

25

Br How many electrons does Br have? a. 80 b. 35 c. 45

35

Br How many protons does Br have? a. 45 b. 35 c. 80

35

Br How many neutrons does Br have? a. 35 b. 80 c. 45

45

A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is ____. A. 30 b. 56 c. 52 d. 26

56

Ba-139 How many electrons does Ba have? a. 139 b. 56 c. 83

56

Ba-139 How many protons does Ba have? a. 56 b. 139 c. 83

56

The atomic number of Carbon is 6, one isotope of Carbon is Carbon 14. Carbon-14 has: a. 6 protons and 9 neutrons b. 6 protons and 7 neutrons c. 6 protons and 6 neutrons d. 6 protons and 8 neutrons

6 protons and 8 neutrons

How many periods are found on the Periodic Table?

7. Remember that periods are HORIZONTAL.

Ba-139 How many neutrons does Ba have? a. 139 b. 83 c. 56

83

Which of the following elements would have very similar chemical properties to Chlorine? a. neon b. lead c. lithium d. bromine

Bromine

Give the period and group for each of the following elements: F, O, P, S.

F: Group 17 and Period 2 O: Group 16 and Period 2 P: Group 15 and Period 3 S: Group 16 and Period 3

T or F The central core of an atom is called the *hub.*

False

T or F The symbol for fluorine is Fe.

False

T or f Elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table are called *periods.*

False

T or F Two isotopes of carbon are carbon-12 and carbon-14. These isotopes differ from one another by two protons.

False. Remember what isotopes are!

Noticed things are different from each other and can be reduced to small parts. Used words such as 'atom' and 'element' even if they weren't in the right context at the time.

Greek Thinkers

How are isotopes the same and how are they different?

Isotopes are the same because they have the same element but they are different because they contain a different number of neutrons.

Wrote the first extensive list of elements (33 of them) and distinguished between metals and nonmetals.

Lavoisier

If we add 2 neutrons to Magnesium-25, we will have... a. a charged magnesium ion b. Magnesium-27 c. the element silicon d. the element neon

Magnesium-27

Published the periodic table and law in 1869. Credited as the sole originator of the periodic table.

Mendeleev

What is the name of each of the following elements, and classify it as a metal, a nonmetal, or a metalloid: Na, Ba, Ca, La, Ti, Al, As, At, Ar.

Metals Nonmetal Metalloid NA Sodium At Astatine As Arsenic BA Barium AR Argon CA Calcium LA Lanthanum TI Thallium AL Aluminum

Combined a periodic table of 56 elements based on their properties.

Meyer

Stated element properties repeat every 8th elements-law of octaves.

Newlands

What is the difference between the atomic mass that is found on the periodic table and mass number (Ex:Carbon-12)?

The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in contains. Atomic mass is the average of all the masses of all the atoms components.

T or F A very stable electron arrangement in the outer energy level is characteristic of *noble gases.*

True

T or F The chart showing the classifications of elements according to their properties and increasing atomic numbers is called the *periodic table.*

True

Two isotopes of Chlorine are Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37. Which of the following statements must be true? a. chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 both have 17 protons b. Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 both have 20 protons c. Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 both have 17 neutrons d. Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 both have 20 neutrons

chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 both have 17 protons

In the Periodic Table, the metalloids are found...

diagonally just right of the center;separating metals from nonmetals

Element X has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. Element Y has 18 protons and 17 neutrons. Are they different elements or different isotopes of the same element? a. different elements b. different isotopes of the same element

different elements

Element Q has 56 protons and 81 neutrons. Element R has 56 protons and 82 neutrons. Are they different elements or different isotopes of the same element? a. different elements b. different isotopes of the same element

different isotopes of the same element *notice the amount of protons*

A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n) ____. a. quark b. neutron c. electron d. proton

electron

Which group of elements are all gases at room temperature?

group 18

Protons are found ______________. a. inside the nucleus b. flying around outside of the nucleus

inside the nucleus

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called ____. a. isotopes b. radioactive elements c. metals d. metalloids

isotopes

Which atom has the greatest number of protons in its nucleus? a. silver b. mercury c. hydrogen d. lead

lead

What do protons contribute to an atom? a. mass b. negative charge c. positive charge d. mass and positive charge

mass and positive charge

Numbers used to designate isotopes (example: Ne-22) which represent the sum of the protons and neutrons are called a. atomic number b. atomic mass c. mass number Correct

mass number

Which type of element would be the most likely to conduct electricity very well? a. nonmetal b. metalloid c. metal

metal

Are most elements metals or nonmetals?

metals

A chemical symbol represents the ____ of an element. a. name b. structure c. reaction d. group

name

What do electrons contribute to an atom? a. negative charge b. postive charge c. negative charge and mass d. mass

negative charge

What do neutrons contribute to an atom? a. no charge b. no charge and mass c. mass d. charge

no charge and mass

Elements that are gases, are brittle, and are poor conductors at room temperature are ____.

nonmetals

Another name for protons and neutrons. a. nucleons b. quarks c. cells

nucleons

The name given to the center of the atom is ___________. a. nucleus b. electron cloud c. quark

nucleus

Isotopes of a particular element differ in a. number of protons b. atomic number c. number of neutrons d. number of electrons

number of neutrons

What does the atomic number stand for? a. number of protons + nuetrons b. number of protons c. number of electrons d. number of neutrons

number of protons

Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called ____.

periods

Since an atom is electrically neutral, the number of electrons equals the number of a. energy levels b. neutrons c. protons d. neturons plus protons

protons

Most of an atom's mass or weight can be attributed to a. protons only b. protons and electrons c. electrons only d. protons and neutrons

protons and neutrons

What is the name given to the particles that make up both protons and neutrons? a. quarks b. dust c. electrons

quarks

What two subatomic particles make up the nucleus? a. the proton and the neutron b. the neutron and the electron c. the proton and the isotope d. the proton and the electron

the proton and the neutron

T or F The atomic number of an element is determined by its number of *protons.*

true

Which of these atoms has the greatest number of electrons? a. carbon b. gold c. uranium d. helium

uranium

Which of these atoms has the most mass? a. hydrogen b. iron c. uranium d. lead

uranium