Autonomic Nervous System

Arrange the following in correct sequence: (1) autonomic ganglia and ganglionic synapse (2) synapse with target tissues (3) preganglionic neuron (4) postganglionic neuron

3,1,4,2

How does distribution of symapthetic nerves differ from the distribution of parasymapthetic nerves?

Spinal nerves contain sympathetic fibers, while cranial nerves contain parasympathetic fibers.

The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)

acetylcholine

The binding of ___ to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will ___ it.

acetylcholine; excite

All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except

adrenal medulla activity

The two classes of adrenergic receptors are

alpha and beta

Which of the following drugs would be the best choice to use in chronic asthma to dilate the bronchioles?

beta-adrenergic stimulating agents

Adrenergic receptors

can be activated by the release of epinephrine.

Which of the following is NOT a symapthetic effect on the body?

constriction of the pupil

Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving

digestion

Sympathetic stimulation of the postganglionic cells of the adrenal medulla causes the release of

epinephrine and norepinephrine.

When acetylcholine binds with nicotinic receptors, the response is

excitatory

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is ___, and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is ___.

excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory

Which of the following nerves has parasympathetic axons?

facial

Sympathetic effects are always stimulatory, while parasympathetic effects are always inhibitory.

false

The ___ is a specially important center of autonomic control.

hypothalamus

What part of the CNS integrates thoughts and emotions to produce ANS responses?

hypothalamus

Which of the following is a sympathetic effect?

increased heart rate

These are all characteristics of the parasympathetic division except

it has short preganglionic fibers.

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except

maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck.

This enzyme breaks down norepinephrine (NE) in nerve fibers.

monoamine oxidsase

___ is an example of cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous system divisions.

orgasm

Which one of the following is made up of adrenergic fibers?

postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division

Which of the following is NOT an effector controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

skeletal muscle

Which of the organs listed below is not directly innervated by the autonomic nervous system?

skeletal muscle

Which of the following is NOT a means of parasympathetic innervation of effectors?

spinal nerves

Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with 10 to 20 postganglionic neurons. This results in

sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect.

The vagus nerve carries parasympathetic impulses to the

the abdominal and thoracic viscera

The two divisions of the ANS have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT

the diameter of the blood vessels in skeletal muscles

Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in

vagus nerve

The short connection between a spinal nerve and a sympathetic chain ganglion through which preganglionic neurons pass is called the

white ramus communicans

Where is the enteric nervous system located?

digestive tract

When acetylcholine binds to autonomic muscarinic receptors,

intestinal motility increases

The parasympathetic division arises from the ___ region(s) of the spinal cord.

brain and sacral

These are all features of the sympathetic division except

it has long preganglionic fibers

Atropine is sometimes used to dilate the pupil for eye examination. Which receptor would atropine block?

muscarinic receptor

The membranes of all postganglionic neurons in autonomic ganglia have

nicotinic receptors

Parasympathetic preganglionic axons from the sacral region of the spinal cord course through ____ nerves that innervate the ___.

pelvic; lower colon and reproductive glands

Which of the following neurons is most likely to be adrenergic?

postganglionic sympathetic

Which of the following is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?

reduced urinary output

The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except

skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis.

Chain ganglia are part of the

sympathetic branch of the ANS

John sees Martha; the pupils of his eyes dilate. It is "love at first sight." What division(s) of the ANS is(are) involved?

sympathetic division

Sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord in the

thoracic and lumbar regions