Autonomic Nervous System
Arrange the following in correct sequence: (1) autonomic ganglia and ganglionic synapse (2) synapse with target tissues (3) preganglionic neuron (4) postganglionic neuron
3,1,4,2
How does distribution of symapthetic nerves differ from the distribution of parasymapthetic nerves?
Spinal nerves contain sympathetic fibers, while cranial nerves contain parasympathetic fibers.
The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)
acetylcholine
The binding of ___ to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will ___ it.
acetylcholine; excite
All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except
adrenal medulla activity
The two classes of adrenergic receptors are
alpha and beta
Which of the following drugs would be the best choice to use in chronic asthma to dilate the bronchioles?
beta-adrenergic stimulating agents
Adrenergic receptors
can be activated by the release of epinephrine.
Which of the following is NOT a symapthetic effect on the body?
constriction of the pupil
Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
digestion
Sympathetic stimulation of the postganglionic cells of the adrenal medulla causes the release of
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
When acetylcholine binds with nicotinic receptors, the response is
excitatory
The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is ___, and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is ___.
excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory
Which of the following nerves has parasympathetic axons?
facial
Sympathetic effects are always stimulatory, while parasympathetic effects are always inhibitory.
false
The ___ is a specially important center of autonomic control.
hypothalamus
What part of the CNS integrates thoughts and emotions to produce ANS responses?
hypothalamus
Which of the following is a sympathetic effect?
increased heart rate
These are all characteristics of the parasympathetic division except
it has short preganglionic fibers.
Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck.
This enzyme breaks down norepinephrine (NE) in nerve fibers.
monoamine oxidsase
___ is an example of cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous system divisions.
orgasm
Which one of the following is made up of adrenergic fibers?
postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
Which of the following is NOT an effector controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
skeletal muscle
Which of the organs listed below is not directly innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
skeletal muscle
Which of the following is NOT a means of parasympathetic innervation of effectors?
spinal nerves
Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with 10 to 20 postganglionic neurons. This results in
sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect.
The vagus nerve carries parasympathetic impulses to the
the abdominal and thoracic viscera
The two divisions of the ANS have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT
the diameter of the blood vessels in skeletal muscles
Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in
vagus nerve
The short connection between a spinal nerve and a sympathetic chain ganglion through which preganglionic neurons pass is called the
white ramus communicans
Where is the enteric nervous system located?
digestive tract
When acetylcholine binds to autonomic muscarinic receptors,
intestinal motility increases
The parasympathetic division arises from the ___ region(s) of the spinal cord.
brain and sacral
These are all features of the sympathetic division except
it has long preganglionic fibers
Atropine is sometimes used to dilate the pupil for eye examination. Which receptor would atropine block?
muscarinic receptor
The membranes of all postganglionic neurons in autonomic ganglia have
nicotinic receptors
Parasympathetic preganglionic axons from the sacral region of the spinal cord course through ____ nerves that innervate the ___.
pelvic; lower colon and reproductive glands
Which of the following neurons is most likely to be adrenergic?
postganglionic sympathetic
Which of the following is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?
reduced urinary output
The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except
skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis.
Chain ganglia are part of the
sympathetic branch of the ANS
John sees Martha; the pupils of his eyes dilate. It is "love at first sight." What division(s) of the ANS is(are) involved?
sympathetic division
Sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord in the
thoracic and lumbar regions
