axial skeletal chapter 7
The bodies of adjacent vertebrae are connected by (1)__________ and separated by(2) ________________
1. ligaments 2. intervertebral discs (pads of fibrocartilage)
what is Just below the neck, looking anteriorly at the skeleton
12 ribs and sternum
Ossification of the sternum is not complete until at least age _____.
25
The sacrum is composed of ________ fused vertebrae.
5
The part of the skeletal system that forms the long axis of the body is the ______ division.
Axial
. A typical rib articulates with the vertebral column at the area of the rib called the _________.
Capitulum
The vertebrae that stabilize the relative positions of the brain and spinal cord are the _________vertebrae
Cervical
The spinal curves that assist in allowing a child to walk and run are called __________ curves.
Compensation
. The (hyaline) cartilaginous extensions that connect the ribs to the sternum are the_____cartilages
Costal
The medium, heart-shaped, flat face that serves as a facet for rib articulation on the thoracic vertebrae is called the ____________
Demifacet
The last two pairs of ribs that do not articulate with the sternum are called ________ ribs.
Floating
The opening that connects the cranial cavity with the vertebral canal is the .
Foramen Magnum
The paired scroll-like bones on each side of the nasal septum are the
Inferior concha
what 3 parts make up sternum
Manubrium,the body, and the Xiphoid Process located at the inferior end
The airspaces of the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones that are connected to the nasal cavities are the ________ sinuses.
Paranasal
These immovable joint in sutures of the skull
Sagittal, coronal, Lambdoidal, and squamosa
what do the 4 spinal curves do?
They help balance the weight of the body over the pelvis and lower limbs
The smallest part of the sternum that serves as an area of attachment for the muscular diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles and that should be avoided during CPR is the ___________
Xiphoid process.
The six paired facial bones of the skull are ...
Zygomatic, maxilla, Lacrimal, palatine, Nasal, and the inferior nasal concha
1rst 7 vertebrae located in what region
cervicle region
The part of the skull that provides protection for the brain is the
cranuim
The paranasal sinuses are located in all of the following bones
ethmoid frontal maxillae sphnedoid
are the 8 through 12 ribs pairs true or false?
false
what are the last 2 pairs of ribs called and why?
floating(vertebral) ribs, because they do no articulate with any cartilage anteriorly
At birth, the cranial bones are connected by areas of fibrous connective tissues called
fontanels
The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are _____.
fontanels
the only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone.
hyoid bone
Gaps called ____________ exist between successive vertebrae and have nerves run through them
intervertebral foramina
what does the hyoid bone support?
larynx and muscles of the larynx, pharynx and tongue
The thickest intervertebral discs are found in the ________ region.
lumbar
the 5 vertebrae's under the thoracic region is in what region
lumbar region
the unpaired bones of the face
mandible and vomer
Irritants are flushed off the walls of the nasal cavities because of the presence of
mucas
The bones of the skeleton provide an extensive surface area for the attachment of
muslces
Squamous sutures
on the lateral skull surfaces between the temporal bones and the parietal
The paired bones of the cranium
parietal and temporal
the last 2 vertebrae's are in what region
sacrum and the coccyx
The parietal bones articulate at the ________ suture.
sagittal
The vertebra prominens is another name for the ________ vertebra.
seventh cervicle
what are parts of the axial division of the skeletal system?
skull hyoid bone vertebral column auditory icicles
The anterior fontanel that is often easily seen by new parents is referred to as the ___
soft spot
In a car accident, Tom suffers a fracture of the alveolar process of his maxillae. As a consequence of this injury he loses _____.
some teeth
structures is associated with the sphenoid bone
superior clinoid process optic canal foramen spinosum foramen rotundum
function of c1-c7
supports the head
where would you find wormian bones?
sutures of the skull
The external auditory meatus, and mastoid and styloid processes are found in the ________ bone.
temporal
The most superior part of the skull consist of.....
the Cranium, the face, and associated bones (auditory ossicles and hyoid
The cranial part of the skull includes four unpaired bones which are?
the Occipital,frontal, Sphenoid and the ethmoid
Each of the following statements concerning the development of the skull is true, except that _____.
the bones of the skull develop from a single ossification focus
The associated skull bones include
the six paired auditory ossicles, the Malleus,incus, Stapes, hyoid
Each vertebra consists of 3 parts
the vertebral body (centrum)), vertebral arch and articular processes
middle section containing 12 vertebrae's are in what region
thoracic region
are the first 7 rib pairs true or false ribs?
true
precise term for ribs 8 through 10
vertebrochondral ribs
While performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on an unconscious person, you are careful to position your hands correctly to avoid damage to the _____.
xiphoid process
The sternum contains all of the following, _____.
xiphoid process manubrium jugular notch the body
why does the spinal cord decreases in diameter the farther down the spine
because nerves branch off from it
why does the vertebrae get larger the farther down the spine
because they must support more weight
coronal suture
between frontal and parietals
sagittal sutures
between parietals
Lambdoid suture
between the occipital and the parietals