axial skeletal chapter 7

The bodies of adjacent vertebrae are connected by (1)__________ and separated by(2) ________________

1. ligaments 2. intervertebral discs (pads of fibrocartilage)

what is Just below the neck, looking anteriorly at the skeleton

12 ribs and sternum

Ossification of the sternum is not complete until at least age _____.

25

The sacrum is composed of ________ fused vertebrae.

5

The part of the skeletal system that forms the long axis of the body is the ______ division.

Axial

. A typical rib articulates with the vertebral column at the area of the rib called the _________.

Capitulum

The vertebrae that stabilize the relative positions of the brain and spinal cord are the _________vertebrae

Cervical

The spinal curves that assist in allowing a child to walk and run are called __________ curves.

Compensation

. The (hyaline) cartilaginous extensions that connect the ribs to the sternum are the_____cartilages

Costal

The medium, heart-shaped, flat face that serves as a facet for rib articulation on the thoracic vertebrae is called the ____________

Demifacet

The last two pairs of ribs that do not articulate with the sternum are called ________ ribs.

Floating

The opening that connects the cranial cavity with the vertebral canal is the .

Foramen Magnum

The paired scroll-like bones on each side of the nasal septum are the

Inferior concha

what 3 parts make up sternum

Manubrium,the body, and the Xiphoid Process located at the inferior end

The airspaces of the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones that are connected to the nasal cavities are the ________ sinuses.

Paranasal

These immovable joint in sutures of the skull

Sagittal, coronal, Lambdoidal, and squamosa

what do the 4 spinal curves do?

They help balance the weight of the body over the pelvis and lower limbs

The smallest part of the sternum that serves as an area of attachment for the muscular diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles and that should be avoided during CPR is the ___________

Xiphoid process.

The six paired facial bones of the skull are ...

Zygomatic, maxilla, Lacrimal, palatine, Nasal, and the inferior nasal concha

1rst 7 vertebrae located in what region

cervicle region

The part of the skull that provides protection for the brain is the

cranuim

The paranasal sinuses are located in all of the following bones

ethmoid frontal maxillae sphnedoid

are the 8 through 12 ribs pairs true or false?

false

what are the last 2 pairs of ribs called and why?

floating(vertebral) ribs, because they do no articulate with any cartilage anteriorly

At birth, the cranial bones are connected by areas of fibrous connective tissues called

fontanels

The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are _____.

fontanels

the only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone.

hyoid bone

Gaps called ____________ exist between successive vertebrae and have nerves run through them

intervertebral foramina

what does the hyoid bone support?

larynx and muscles of the larynx, pharynx and tongue

The thickest intervertebral discs are found in the ________ region.

lumbar

the 5 vertebrae's under the thoracic region is in what region

lumbar region

the unpaired bones of the face

mandible and vomer

Irritants are flushed off the walls of the nasal cavities because of the presence of

mucas

The bones of the skeleton provide an extensive surface area for the attachment of

muslces

Squamous sutures

on the lateral skull surfaces between the temporal bones and the parietal

The paired bones of the cranium

parietal and temporal

the last 2 vertebrae's are in what region

sacrum and the coccyx

The parietal bones articulate at the ________ suture.

sagittal

The vertebra prominens is another name for the ________ vertebra.

seventh cervicle

what are parts of the axial division of the skeletal system?

skull hyoid bone vertebral column auditory icicles

The anterior fontanel that is often easily seen by new parents is referred to as the ___

soft spot

In a car accident, Tom suffers a fracture of the alveolar process of his maxillae. As a consequence of this injury he loses _____.

some teeth

structures is associated with the sphenoid bone

superior clinoid process optic canal foramen spinosum foramen rotundum

function of c1-c7

supports the head

where would you find wormian bones?

sutures of the skull

The external auditory meatus, and mastoid and styloid processes are found in the ________ bone.

temporal

The most superior part of the skull consist of.....

the Cranium, the face, and associated bones (auditory ossicles and hyoid

The cranial part of the skull includes four unpaired bones which are?

the Occipital,frontal, Sphenoid and the ethmoid

Each of the following statements concerning the development of the skull is true, except that _____.

the bones of the skull develop from a single ossification focus

The associated skull bones include

the six paired auditory ossicles, the Malleus,incus, Stapes, hyoid

Each vertebra consists of 3 parts

the vertebral body (centrum)), vertebral arch and articular processes

middle section containing 12 vertebrae's are in what region

thoracic region

are the first 7 rib pairs true or false ribs?

true

precise term for ribs 8 through 10

vertebrochondral ribs

While performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on an unconscious person, you are careful to position your hands correctly to avoid damage to the _____.

xiphoid process

The sternum contains all of the following, _____.

xiphoid process manubrium jugular notch the body

why does the spinal cord decreases in diameter the farther down the spine

because nerves branch off from it

why does the vertebrae get larger the farther down the spine

because they must support more weight

coronal suture

between frontal and parietals

sagittal sutures

between parietals

Lambdoid suture

between the occipital and the parietals