Axial Skeleton Review
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone in the body and serves as a muscle attachment for the tongue
Hyoid Bone
Which cervical vertebrae participates in flexion and extension (nodding yes)
C1 (Atlas)
Which cervical vertebrae has the unique "tooth" feature and is responsible for rotating the head?
C2 (Axis)
Which cervical vertebra is the landmark for counting vertebra?
C7
What vertebrae curvature comes first and and how many vertebrate does it contain?
Cervical Curvature (concave) & 7 (C1-C7)
Which vertebrae can be characterized by the transverse Foramen, body wider laterally, triangular vertebral Foramen, and being the smallest/tightest?
Cervical Vertebrae
What is the manubrium associated with?
Clavicular Notch, Jugular Notch, Sternal Angle, ribs 1 & 2
Sometimes a baby is born with an unusually long ___________ that is discreetly snipped of by a physician
Coccyx
What is the Latin term for ribs?
Costa
What parts make up the ethmoid bone?
Crista Galli, Cribriform Plate, Middle Nasal Conchae, Perpindicular Plate
What allows newborns to easily pass through the narrow birth canal?
Fontanelles
What parts make up the occipital bone?
Foramen Magnum, Occipital Condyles, Hypoglossal Canal, External Occipital Crest, Superior Nuchal Line, Inferior, Nuchal Line
What separates the vertebral column?
Intervertebral Disc
Which abnormal spine curvature is known as "hunchback"
Kyphosis
Which abnormal spine curvature is sideways?
Scoliosis
What parts make up the sphenoid bone?
Sella Turcica, Superior Orbital Fissures, Optic Canal, Foramen Rotundum, Foramen Ovale
What are the typical vertebra markings?
Spinous Process, Transverse Process, Vertebral Foramen, Superior/Inferior Articulating Processes, Superior/Inferior Articulating Facet, Body, Intervertebral Foramen
What are the parts of a thoracic vertebra?
Superior costal facet, inferior costal facet, transverse costal facet
What parts make up the frontal bone?
Supraorbital margin, supraorbital foramen (notch), glabella
Which part of the sternum articulates with ribs 2-7 and makes up majority of the sternum
The Body
Which part of the vertebral column is referred to as the "Tailbone" and is made up of 4 fused vertebrae?
The Coccyx
Which part of the vertebral column is made up of 5 fused vertebrae?
The Sacrum
What vertebrate curvature comes second and how many vertebrae does it consist of?
Thoracic Curvature (convex) & 12 (T1-T12)
Which vertebra has a heart shaped body, articulates with the ribs, and has a circular vertebral Foramen?
Thoracic Vertebra
What do all ribs attach to?
Thoracic vertebra (T1-T12)
What is the purpose of the thoracic cage (ribs)
To support shoulder girdles, serves as a site for muscle attachment, and protects the thoracic cavity
What parts make up the temporal lobe?
Zygomatic Process, Mandibular Fossa, External/Internal Acoustic Meatus, Styloid Process, Mastoid Process, Stylomastoid Foramen, Jugular Foramen, Carotid Canal
What makes up the skeletal system?
bones, cartilage, joints, ligaments
What makes up the skull?
cranial and facial bones
Ribs 11 and 12 are called
floating ribs
What are the four paranasal sinuses?
frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, maxillary
What are the 8 bones of the cranium?
frontal, left parietal, left temporal, right parietal, right temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid
What are the parts of a rib?
head, neck, shaft
What are the parts of the sternum?
manubrium, body, xiphoid process, clavicular notch, sternal angle, jugular notch
What is the purpose of the vertebral column?
protect spinal cord and transmits weight of trunk to lower limbs
What makes up the axial skeleton?
skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage (ribs and sternum)
How many ribs are considered to be "true ribs"
7
How many bones make up the axial skeleton?
80
What are the parts of the mandible?
Body, Ramus, Mandibular Angle, Mandibular Condyle, Coronoid Process, Mandibular Notch, Mandibular Foramen, Mental Foramen
What bone forms the lateral side of the skull?
Parietal
How many cranial sutures are there? What are they?
5 and Sagittal, Coronal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Occipitomastoid
How many bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
126
How many ribs are considered to be "false ribs"
2
How many bones are in the human body?
206
How many ribs are in the human body? How many pairs?
24 ribs & 12 pairs
How many bones form the vertebral column?
26
What are the functions of paranasal sinuses?
Lighten the skull and help warm/moisten/filter inhaled air
Which abnormal spine curvature has an excessive inward curvature?
Lordosis
What vertebrae comes third and how many vertebrae does it consist of?
Lumbar Curvature (concave) & 5 (L1-L5)
Which vertebra is characterized by a triangular vertebral Foramen, kidney shaped body, and supporting the weight of the body?
Lumbar Vertebra
What are the facial bones?
Mandible, Maxilla, Palatine Bones, Zygomatic Bone, Lacrimal Bones, Nasal Bone, Vomer, Inferior Nasal Conchae
The inner core of the vertebral disc looses water content with age, what is this part called?
Nucleolus Pulpous
