B-12 Part 2

The pain from a bee sting

(all of the above) * alters the value of bee sting medication being applied. * is a CMO-T with respect to having bee sting medication applied. * is a UMO

Parents of a 3-year-old child ask for your help to reduce supper-time problem behavior. The child frequently leaves the table to play with toys or crawls into the father's lap for attention. As part of the intervention you may

(all of the above) * use father attention as a reinforcer for in-seat and eating behavior of child. * increase the UMO for eating by reducing the child's afternoon snack. * reduce the CMO for attention from father by having non-contingent attention from father before dinner.

CMOS

(all of the above) result from a learning history. have behavior-altering effects. have value-altering effects.

When the speech therapist enters the room, the student with whom they would be working begins to tantrum, effectively delaying the onset of the therapy session. The speech therapist walking into the room

Is a CMO-R

A student of yours may soon earn enough points to achieve a goal, which is followed by a party that both of you will really enjoy. As your student works on the final task to earn points, they begin to jump and flap. Because of this behavior, they will not complete the work in time to earn the points unless you quickly get them back on task. Which of the following is a CMO-R for your act of refocusing of the student?

The student jumping and flapping their hands

What do reflexive, surrogate, and transitive CMOs have in common?

They originally were motivationally neutral.

Brothers (ages 5 and 7) are often off-task and disruptive when getting ready for school while their parents are busy preparing for their own workdays. What is a likely MO for the behavior problems?

a CMO of parent attention deprivation

Parents used escape extinction in response to the disruptive behavior of their young son during the morning routine (e.g., washing, dressing). The procedure did not reduce problem behavior. The behavior did decrease, however, when they began rubbing their son's back for 5 to 10 minutes before beginning the routine. In this case, the back-rubbing may have been

a UMO (abolishing operation) for attention from a parent.

Brothers (ages 5 and 7) are often off-task and disruptive in church. Their parents must prompt them repeatedly to sit still and be quiet. What is a likely MO for the behavior problems?

a UMO of activity deprivation

Parents used escape extinction for the disruptive behavior of their young daughter during the morning routine (e.g., washing, dressing). The rate of problem behavior only decreased after they began rubbing their child's back and talking with the girl for 5 to 10 minutes after the routine was completed. In this case, the back-rubbing and interaction may have been

a reinforcer for morning routine behaviors.

You are on a bus when an elderly person drops something that lands in front of you. You pick up the item and hand it to the person. Your behavior is likely occasioned

by a CMO-R, because the item on the floor is like a warning stimulus: it indicates that a delay in responding is likely to be followed by aversive social events.

The CMO-R is analogous to the

discriminated avoidance procedure

During independent work time, one child often screams. Other children in the classroom cover their ears with their hands. What AO may be effective in reducing the covering of ears behavior?

eliminate or reduce the screaming of the first child

Parents of a 3-year-old child ask for your help to reduce dinner-time problem behavior. The child frequently leaves the table to play with toys or crawls into the father's lap for attention. As part of the intervention you may

increase the UMO for eating by reducing the child's afternoon snack.

A person scuba diving sees the tank pressure gauge is below the minimum value allowed and swims to the surface. With respect to swimming to the surface, seeing the tank pressure gauge

is a CMO-R for swimming to the surface.

The pain from a bee sting

is a CMO-T with respect to having bee sting medication.

A CMO-R associated with worsening

is a stimulus, the removal of which is a conditioned reinforcer

Which kind of CMO acquires its properties by systematically preceding worsening/improvement?

reflexive

CMOS

result from a learning history.

Which kind of CMO acquires its properties by being paired with another MO?

surrogate

A surrogate CMO would depend on what kind of relationship with an MO?

temporal

In a preschool, extra toy-play is used as a reinforcer for on-task behavior. One child never completes the tasks to earn extra play time. You observe that this child does not engage with available toys during scheduled free play. The extra play contingency may not be effective for this child because

there is no CMO for toy play.

Which kind of CMO acquires its properties by altering the value of another stimulus?

transitive

Empirical support for the CMO-S is

weak for humans and non-humans