BACTERIA
INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA
CYTOPLASM SOME BACTERIA POSSESS INTERNAL MEMEORY
EXTERNAL STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA
GLYCOCALYX PROTECTION IMP IN HOW FLAGELLUM FLAGELLA INVOVLED IN IF A BACTERIA OR A VIRUS GETS INTO SOME1 HAVE TO BIND TO RECEPTOR TO CAUSE DAMAGE
FLAGELLUM
a long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move
CELL WALL
a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell present in most bacteria peptidoglycan
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE
endotoxin component of outermost layer of Gram - ; toxicity caused by Lipid A CONISISTS OF LIPID A AND O SIDE CHAIN SABILIZES MEMBRANE STRUCTURE
GLYCOCALYX
external surface of the plasma membrane with carbohydrates attached to it
FIMBRIAE
finger or fringe like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes
BACTERIAL CHROMOSOME
in most bacteria, the majority of DNA is arranged in this single circular molecule CIRCULAR DOUBLE STRANDED DNA
BACTERIA
posess cell wall most non pathogenic
MEMBRANE FUNCTION
semi permeable membrane osmosis pass and act transport atp syntehsis enzyme and protien syntheisis memebrane is a boundry to cytoplasm , regulates passage into and out of the cell
PILI
short, hairlike protein structures on the surface of some bacteria
CELL WALL FUNCTION
strength and support, determines cell shape, resists over expansion and rupture of the plasma membrane; controls the rate and direction of cell growth; regulates cell volume, provides enzymes for transport and secretion, provides storage for reusable carbohydrates, signals production of cell wall hormones that provide a physical barrier to pathogens, recognizes nitrogen-fixing bacteria and species specific pol GIVE CELL SHAPE PROTECTS AGAINST OSMOTIC LYSIS SOME STAINING PROPERTIES PROTECTION FROM TOXINS CONTAINS COMPONENTS CONTRIBUTE TO PATHOGENCITY COMPRIMISES BACTERIAL SURVIVAL
MORPHOLOGY
the branch of biology that deals with the structure of animals and plants THREE PINCIPLE SHAPES VERY SMALL IN GENERAL MAY POSSESS ONE OR MORE FLAGELA MOTILITY THEY GROW IN CHAINS AND CLUSTERS
peptidoglycan
A protein-carbohydrate compound that makes the cell walls of bacteria rigid, a protein carbohydrate compound found in bacterial cell walls, a type of polymer in bacterial cell walls consisting of modified sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides
ENDOSPORES
A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions ONLY OCCURS IN GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA HIGHLY SPECIALISED RESTING CELLS THAT PROTECT6S CELL FROM EVERYTHING GOING RENFORCED BY PROTIEN IF IN HIGH TEMP CAN SURVIVE FREEZING BOILING EXPOSURE TO RADIATION
CELL MEMBRANE
ALL BACTERIA POSSES PLASMA OR CELL MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER
GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA
Bacteria with thick cell walls containing peptidoglycans; these cells turn purple when stained. THICK WELL ORGANISED LAYER
GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA
Bacteria with thin peptidoglycan walls bounded by an outer membrane containing lipids; these bacteria turn red when stained. THIN LAYER NOT AS ORGANISED AS GRAM PSO THERE IS AN ADDITIONAL MEMBRANE OUTSIDE CALLED OUTER MEMBRANE AND THIS PROVIDES RESISTNACE TO SOEM ANTIBIOTICS
RHIBOSOMES
Produce protein IN BACTERIA 70S SMALLER AND LESS DENSE THAN EUKARYOTIC INCLUSION BODIES AS WELL
CATABOLIC PATHWAYS
Release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds
PLASMIDS
The smalll, circular segments of DNA that are found in bacteria and that stay sparate from the bacterial chromosomes; used in genetic engineering.