Basic Geometry terms

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pyramid

a 3-dimensional shape whose base is a polygon and whose triangular faces meet at a single point

transformation

a change in size, shape, of position of a geometric figure

polygon

a closed plane figure made of line segments

quadrilateral

a four-sided polygon

vertical angles

a pair of opposite congruent angles formed by two intersecting lines

rhombus

a parallellogram whose four sides are congruent and whose opposite angles are congruent

regular polygon

a polygon in which all sides are the same length and all angles have the same measure

prism

a polyhedron with two parallel, congruent bases; all other faces of the prism are parallelograms

parallelogram

a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and congruent

line

a straight path that extends infinitely in opposite directions

sphere

a three-dimensional shape with all points on the surface equidistant from the center

rotation

a transformation of a figure by turning it about a fixed point called the center of rotation or axis

translation

a transformation that moves a geometric figure by sliding each of the points the same distance in the same direction

reflection

a transformation that produces a mirror image of a geometric figure (flip)

acute triangle

a triangle whose interior angles are all acute

scalene triangle

a triangle with no congruent sides

obtuse triangle

a triangle with one obtuse angle

right triangle

a triangle with one right angle

equilateral triangle

a triangle with three congruent sides

isosceles triangle

a triangle with two congruent sides

line symmetry

a type of symmetry in which a line divides a figure into two congruent parts that are mirror images

straight angle

an angle whose measure is 180 degrees

right angle

an angle with a measure of 90 degrees

obtuse angle

an angle with a measure of more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

interior angles

angles on the inner sides of two lines that cut by a transversal

exterior angles

angles on the outer sides of two lines cut by a transversal

acute angles

angles that measures greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees

congruent

having the same size and shape

hypotenuse

in a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle

perpendicular lines

lines that intersect at one point and form right angles

ray

part of a line that has one endpoint and extends forever in the other direction

line segment

part of a line with two endpoints

complementary angles

two angles whose measures have a sum of 90 degrees

supplementary angles

two angles whose sum equals 180 degrees

parallell lines

two lines in the same plane that never intersect

intersecting lines

two lines that cross at exactly one point


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