Basis of Human Movement Final Exam
the muscle responsible for the last 10-15 degrees of full knee extension is the :
VMO
elbow extension where the triceps applies force to olecranon process in extending the non supported forearm at the elbow is an example of which type of lever arrangement?
first class
which of the following is the sole action of the brachialis muscle?
flexion of the elbow
which of the following performs adduction of the wrist?
flexor carpi ulnaris
which of the following muscles does not perform eversion of the foot?
flexor hallicus longus
this muscle is responsible for flexing the thumb
flexor pollicis longus
the following muscle has tow heads, a medial and lateral head and is located on the posterior side of the lower leg.
gastrocnemius
triceps surae refers to :
gastrocnemius and soleus
originating on the posterior surface of the medial and lateral surface of the femoral condyles, respectively, this muscle is responsible for both plantar flexion of the ankle and flexion of the knee.
gastrocnomius
an instrument used to measure the change in joint angles is a
goniometer
another name for the big to is
hallicus
V, VII, IX, and X
have mixed functions-both motor and sensory
the ligaments of the elbow include all of the following except
interosseous
which of the following is not a muscle of the rotator cuff group?
intrascapularis
which of the following is not considered to be a large abdominal muscle
lateral abdominus
which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?
maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing knee from being abducted
the pectoralis major muscle origin is
medial half of the anterior surface of the clavicle, anterior surface of the costal cartilages of the first six ribs, adjoining portion of the sternum
muscles are usually named due to all of the following except
nerve
all of the following are key bony landmarks of the knee joint except?
Gerdy's condyle
the muscles that are included in the shoulder girdle group include all of the following except?
pectoralis major
fascia tissue that holds tendons in place is called
retinaculum
in certain places throughout the body, such as around joints like the wrist and ankle, fascial tissue forms a ______ to retain tendons close to the body
retinaculum
which of the following is not a structure associated with the shoulder joint?
ribs
This bone is often misdiagnosed as a wrist sprain but is actually fractured.
scaphoid
the muscle involved with the long thoracic nerve and can be seen in the "winging" scapular, is know as:
serrates anterior
which of the following muscles has a portion of its origin located on the ribs?
serrates anterior
which of the following muscles is located most anteriorly on the human body?
serratus anterior
which of the following muscles would most likely be substantially weakened in an individual with a winging scapula?
serratus anterior
which of the following muscles only performs plantar flexion?
soleus
this muscles main purpose is to stabilize and protect the sternoclavicular joint.
subclavius muscle
which of the following anatomical landmarks on the anterior surface of the scapula?
subscapular fossa
of the 4-shoulder rotator cuff muscles, it is the _____ that is BEST detected by the empty can test.
supraspinatus
when looking at the rotator cuff, all the rotator cuff muscles are palpatable EXCEPT:
supraspinatus
O= medial two-thirds of supraspinatus fossa; I = superiorly on greater tubercle of humerous
supraspinatus muscle
along with the tibia and fibula, it is the ____ that makes the mortise of the ankle.
talus
in looking at the Jump Landing Program, Phase 1 of the program begins with:
technique and general strength
which of the following statements is true regarding isometric muscle actions?
tension is developed within a muscle but joint angles remain constant
muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except?
tensor fascia latte
O= posterior scapula, lateral border; I = greater tubercle of the humerus on posterior side
teres minor muscle
which of the following is not among the general factors that positively affect the achievement of balance?
the center of gravity falls outside the base of support
the most susceptible part of the clavicle to fracture (also known as its weakest part) is the middle 1/3.
true
the muscles whose primary function is to elevate the medial margin of the scapula is the levator scapula.
true
the patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.
true
the trapezius muscle has upper fibers, middle fibers, and lower fibers.
true
the ulna is much larger proximally than the radius
true
the vertebral column is composed of 24 articulating vertebrae.
true
vertebrae increases in size from the cervical to the lumbar region because the lower back supports more weight.
true
how many bones are located in the wrist and hand; including the radius and ulna?
29
the mortise is made up of
all of the above
muscle spindles
all of these are correct
C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
brachial plexus
the medial ankle ligaments are called
deltoid ligaments
bilateral
on both sides
which of the following is not a phase when analyzing movement?
Beginning Phase
most of the rotation within the cervical region occurs in the joint between ___.
C1 and C2
the brachial plexus is made up of nerve roots
C5-T1
which of the following is Newton's Law of Inertia?
a body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force
an action common to the posterior deltoid, teres minor, and infraspinatus is
adduction
the most common glenohumeral dislocation is ______.
anterior
which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger?
extensor indicis
the ____ menisci is "O" shaped and the ___ menisci is "C" shaped.
lateral, medial
which of the following types of machine is most common in the musculoskeletal system arrangements of the human body>
levers
reduction of normal lordotic curve, resulting in a flat-back appearance
lordosis
the ___ vertebrae serve as a link between the pelvic girdle and the thoracic spine rib cage.
lumbar
The bone used for measuring the height of the medial longitudinal arch is the:
navicular
flexibility refers to
range of motion around a joint
contralateral
the opposite side
Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.
true
the "SAID" principle indicates the strength gains beyond the range of motion utilized in the training are usually minimal.
true
which of the following is the Law of Acceleration ?
a change in the acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it
which of the following is the Law of Acceleration?
a change in the acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it
which of the following is an action of the middle fibers of the deltoid muscles?
abduction
which of the following is affected by the shape and size of muscle?
ability of a muscle to produce force
The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the _______.
acromion process
the flexor hallucis longus performs which actions?
all of the above
the origin of the latissiumus dorsi muscle is:
all of these are correct
which of the following could be done to reduce the amount of force needed to move a lever?
all of these are correct
the inability for female athletes to correctly attenuate high jump landing impact forces through muscles contraction has been linked to:
all of these are included
the most promising training components seem to be teaching fundamental exercise techniques and
all of these are included
this muscle has a primary function of shoulder flexion.
anterior deltoid
muscles provide all of the following except
attachment points for other muscles
we can associate the serratus anterior with
both the long thoracic nerve and winging scapula
the 3 normal curves within moveable spine include all of the following except
brachial
which of the following does not have flexion of the elbow?
brachialis
swelling and inflammation on the median nerve, leading to reduced motor and sensory function in the hand
carpal tunnel syndrome
the point at which all of the body's mass and weight is equally balanced or equally distributed in all directions is the
center of gravity
the ____ vertebrae serves as a link between the thoracic spine-rib cage and the head
cervical
nearly all of the spinal column takes place within the two supportive structures known as the:
cervical and lumbar
which of the following is not true regarding concentric muscle contractions?
commonly described as being a negative type of contraction
which tension is developed in a muscle as a result of a stimulus it is known as
contraction
which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?
decreases stability
the deltoid muscle inserts on the
deltoid tuberosity on the lateral humerus
which of the types of muscle contraction is usually utilized in causing an object's deceleration?
eccentric
which of the following actions is performed by the elevator scapulae?
elevation
III, IV, VI, XI, XII
except for some proprioceptive function, are primarily motor
which of the following statements is true regarding trunk movement at the lumbar spine?
extends 20 to 30 degrees
which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?
extensor carpi radialis longus
antagonist muscles are known as primary or prime movers or muscles involved in a joint action
false
dermatome = muscle or group of muscles supplied by a specific spinal nerve
false
eccentric muscles "actions" result from isometric muscle contractions
false
inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on medial edge of foot
false
isometric contractions are eccentric or concentric
false
it is the isotonic contraction that involves tension developed within muscle but joint angles remain constant
false
lateral epicondylitis is a condition that occurs less commonly that medial epicondylitis
false
levers rotate an axis of rotation as a result of a force being applied to cause movement in the same direction as the resistance
false
the ankle sprain is a common injury that involves the stretching or tearing of one or more tendons
false
the MMT for the shoulder, it is important to remember that external rotation (ER) is performed by
infraspinatus and teres minor
O= posterior surface of scapula below spine; I= greater tubercle on posterior side
infraspinatus muscle
in MMT, you can test the _____ by having the patient/athlete/client do external rotation
infraspinatus/teres minor
ipsilateral
on the same side
structurally, the proximal attachment of a muscle or the part that attaches closest to the midline or center of the body is known as:
origin
which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the 5th metatarsal?
peroneus Tertius
which of the following muscles is included in the anterior compartment?
peroneus Tertius
the muscle whose main purpose is to evert the foot is the:
peroneus longus and brevis
when someone has a flat foot, they are said to have
pes planus
what term is used to describe the motion of bringing the dorm of the foot closer to the anterior leg?
plantar flexion
the origin for the latissimus dorsi muscle is located:
posterior crest of the illium, back of the sacrum, and spinouse processes of lumbar and lower six thoracic vertebrae, slips from lower three ribs
which of the following is not a function performed by the skeletal system?
production of heat
when implementing any type of jump-landing training, it is imperative that the strength and conditioning professional emphasizes
proper technique
knowing where a body part is located without looking at it is known as
proprioception
it is the _____ that separates the supraspinatus from the infraspinatus muscle
spine of the scapula
the ___ process can be palpated on the posterior surface of the spine when it is flexed.
spinous
which of the following is the correct definition of kinesiology?
study of motion of human movement
the space beneath the clavicle where the brachial plexus and other important structures run is known as the
sub-acromial space
the muscle lies in the supraspinous fossa.
supraspinatus
which of the following statements is not true regarding the tibiofibular joint?
the interosseous membrane is located around the tibia and fibula shafts to provide support
difference between lifting a minimal vs. maximal resistance is:
the number of muscle fibers recruited
all of the following is true in regard to spinal nerves except
there are 8 cervical nerves
It is the acronym SITS that is used for naming the rotator cuff muscles
true
Overall the human leverage system is built for speed and range of movement at the expense of force generation.
true
The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.
true
a sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.
true
additionally, to optimize athlete compliance, program design should focus on performance and injury prevention simultaneously
true
when performing a pushup the biceps brachia is considered to be an antagonist muscle.
true
when the arm is held in anatomical position the radial tuberosity is in close proximity to lateral side of ulna
true
the most commonly injured ligament in the elbow due to throwing is the
ulnar collateral ligament
all of the following are movements of the wrist except
upward rotation
which of the following are actions associated with the shoulder girdle?
upward rotation, abduction, and elevation
there are eleven muscles that are considered to be "intrinsic" to the hand
false
commonly fractured by FOOSH
scaphoid
another name for the distal end of the tibia is
medial malleolus
The frontal plane divides the body into
front and back halves
the central. fleshy portion of the muscle is known as the:
gaster
I, II, and VIII
sensory
"carpal tunned syndrome" is swelling and inflammation from increased pressure in carpal tunnel that results in decreased function of the median nerve
true
diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints
true
the vertebral column has 32 pairs of spinal nerves
false
there are approximately 552 muscles in the human body
false
the scapula is an example of an irregular bone
false
the shape and arrangement of muscle fibers affect the muscle's ability to relax
false
the shape of bones does not limit movement.
false
the spinous processes are located anterior with the respect to the vertebral bodies
false
the teres major is part of the rotator cuff.
false
the central line of pull the quadriceps have on the patella is known as the
Q angle
the calf muscles of the superficial posterior compartment are primarily the flexor digitorum longs, flexor hallicus longs, popletieus, and tibialis posterior.
false
the coracobrachilis muscle inserts on the coracoid process
false
the distal end of the tibia is known as the lateral malleolus
false
the elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows for internal and external rotation
false
the first muscle to get weaker (atrophy) following an ankle injury is the extensor digitorum longus.
false
the insertion of the brachialis muscle is the coracoid process of the ulna
false
the medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the fibula.
false
the olecranon process is located on the medial aspect of the ulna
false
the first prominent tendon crossing the ankle anteromedially and the easiest to palpate is the
tibialis anterior
the most prominent tendon crossing the Ankle anterioromedially and the easiest to palpate is the
tibialis anterior
which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the 1st metatarsal?
tibialis anterior
Each muscle in the human body may be innervated by a single nerve or multiple nerves
true
all or none principle- regardless of number, individual muscle fibers within a given motor unit will either fire and contract maximally or not at all
true
another name for the scaphoid bone in the hand is navicular.
true
biomechanics is the study of mechanics related to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems
true
cervical nerves 5-8 and thoracic nerve 1 form the brachial plexus and supplies motor and sensory function to the upper extremity and most of the scapula
true
during the running gate, there is a time whereby both feet are totally off the ground
true
each toe has three phalanges except for the great toe which only has two
true
functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.
true
heel strike normally occurs by landing on the heel with the foot in supination and the leg in external rotation
true
insertion of brachioradialis muscle is the proximal end of the radius at the styloid process
true
isometric contraction involves tension developed within the muscle but the joint angles remain constant.
true
it can be said that the wrist flexor muscle originate at the medial epicondyle
true
it is true that there are only 7 cervical vertebrae and 8 cervical nerve roots.
true
longitudinal bone growth continues as long as epiphyseal plates are open
true
medial epicondylitis is also known as golfer's elbow.
true
motions of the wrist joint include flexion, extension, abduction and adduction
true
pronation is a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction.
true
structurally, the distal attachment or part that attaches farthest from the midline or center of the body is known as the insertion
true
structurally, the distal attachment or the part that attaches farthest from the midline or center of the body is known as the insertion.
true
the ankle and foot joints are composed of 26 bones in each foot.
true
the conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space is kinesthesis
true
the direction of the humeral head when it dislocates is anterior.
true
the distal malleoli of the tibia and fibula serve as pulleys for the posterior tendons to increase the mechanical advantage of the respective muscles in performing inversion and eversion
true
the knee joint is the largest joint in the body
true
the most common type of ankle sprain results from excessive inversion that causes damage to lateral structures
true