Basis of Human Movement Final Exam

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the muscle responsible for the last 10-15 degrees of full knee extension is the :

VMO

elbow extension where the triceps applies force to olecranon process in extending the non supported forearm at the elbow is an example of which type of lever arrangement?

first class

which of the following is the sole action of the brachialis muscle?

flexion of the elbow

which of the following performs adduction of the wrist?

flexor carpi ulnaris

which of the following muscles does not perform eversion of the foot?

flexor hallicus longus

this muscle is responsible for flexing the thumb

flexor pollicis longus

the following muscle has tow heads, a medial and lateral head and is located on the posterior side of the lower leg.

gastrocnemius

triceps surae refers to :

gastrocnemius and soleus

originating on the posterior surface of the medial and lateral surface of the femoral condyles, respectively, this muscle is responsible for both plantar flexion of the ankle and flexion of the knee.

gastrocnomius

an instrument used to measure the change in joint angles is a

goniometer

another name for the big to is

hallicus

V, VII, IX, and X

have mixed functions-both motor and sensory

the ligaments of the elbow include all of the following except

interosseous

which of the following is not a muscle of the rotator cuff group?

intrascapularis

which of the following is not considered to be a large abdominal muscle

lateral abdominus

which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?

maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing knee from being abducted

the pectoralis major muscle origin is

medial half of the anterior surface of the clavicle, anterior surface of the costal cartilages of the first six ribs, adjoining portion of the sternum

muscles are usually named due to all of the following except

nerve

all of the following are key bony landmarks of the knee joint except?

Gerdy's condyle

the muscles that are included in the shoulder girdle group include all of the following except?

pectoralis major

fascia tissue that holds tendons in place is called

retinaculum

in certain places throughout the body, such as around joints like the wrist and ankle, fascial tissue forms a ______ to retain tendons close to the body

retinaculum

which of the following is not a structure associated with the shoulder joint?

ribs

This bone is often misdiagnosed as a wrist sprain but is actually fractured.

scaphoid

the muscle involved with the long thoracic nerve and can be seen in the "winging" scapular, is know as:

serrates anterior

which of the following muscles has a portion of its origin located on the ribs?

serrates anterior

which of the following muscles is located most anteriorly on the human body?

serratus anterior

which of the following muscles would most likely be substantially weakened in an individual with a winging scapula?

serratus anterior

which of the following muscles only performs plantar flexion?

soleus

this muscles main purpose is to stabilize and protect the sternoclavicular joint.

subclavius muscle

which of the following anatomical landmarks on the anterior surface of the scapula?

subscapular fossa

of the 4-shoulder rotator cuff muscles, it is the _____ that is BEST detected by the empty can test.

supraspinatus

when looking at the rotator cuff, all the rotator cuff muscles are palpatable EXCEPT:

supraspinatus

O= medial two-thirds of supraspinatus fossa; I = superiorly on greater tubercle of humerous

supraspinatus muscle

along with the tibia and fibula, it is the ____ that makes the mortise of the ankle.

talus

in looking at the Jump Landing Program, Phase 1 of the program begins with:

technique and general strength

which of the following statements is true regarding isometric muscle actions?

tension is developed within a muscle but joint angles remain constant

muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except?

tensor fascia latte

O= posterior scapula, lateral border; I = greater tubercle of the humerus on posterior side

teres minor muscle

which of the following is not among the general factors that positively affect the achievement of balance?

the center of gravity falls outside the base of support

the most susceptible part of the clavicle to fracture (also known as its weakest part) is the middle 1/3.

true

the muscles whose primary function is to elevate the medial margin of the scapula is the levator scapula.

true

the patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.

true

the trapezius muscle has upper fibers, middle fibers, and lower fibers.

true

the ulna is much larger proximally than the radius

true

the vertebral column is composed of 24 articulating vertebrae.

true

vertebrae increases in size from the cervical to the lumbar region because the lower back supports more weight.

true

how many bones are located in the wrist and hand; including the radius and ulna?

29

the mortise is made up of

all of the above

muscle spindles

all of these are correct

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

brachial plexus

the medial ankle ligaments are called

deltoid ligaments

bilateral

on both sides

which of the following is not a phase when analyzing movement?

Beginning Phase

most of the rotation within the cervical region occurs in the joint between ___.

C1 and C2

the brachial plexus is made up of nerve roots

C5-T1

which of the following is Newton's Law of Inertia?

a body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force

an action common to the posterior deltoid, teres minor, and infraspinatus is

adduction

the most common glenohumeral dislocation is ______.

anterior

which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger?

extensor indicis

the ____ menisci is "O" shaped and the ___ menisci is "C" shaped.

lateral, medial

which of the following types of machine is most common in the musculoskeletal system arrangements of the human body>

levers

reduction of normal lordotic curve, resulting in a flat-back appearance

lordosis

the ___ vertebrae serve as a link between the pelvic girdle and the thoracic spine rib cage.

lumbar

The bone used for measuring the height of the medial longitudinal arch is the:

navicular

flexibility refers to

range of motion around a joint

contralateral

the opposite side

Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.

true

the "SAID" principle indicates the strength gains beyond the range of motion utilized in the training are usually minimal.

true

which of the following is the Law of Acceleration ?

a change in the acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it

which of the following is the Law of Acceleration?

a change in the acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it

which of the following is an action of the middle fibers of the deltoid muscles?

abduction

which of the following is affected by the shape and size of muscle?

ability of a muscle to produce force

The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the _______.

acromion process

the flexor hallucis longus performs which actions?

all of the above

the origin of the latissiumus dorsi muscle is:

all of these are correct

which of the following could be done to reduce the amount of force needed to move a lever?

all of these are correct

the inability for female athletes to correctly attenuate high jump landing impact forces through muscles contraction has been linked to:

all of these are included

the most promising training components seem to be teaching fundamental exercise techniques and

all of these are included

this muscle has a primary function of shoulder flexion.

anterior deltoid

muscles provide all of the following except

attachment points for other muscles

we can associate the serratus anterior with

both the long thoracic nerve and winging scapula

the 3 normal curves within moveable spine include all of the following except

brachial

which of the following does not have flexion of the elbow?

brachialis

swelling and inflammation on the median nerve, leading to reduced motor and sensory function in the hand

carpal tunnel syndrome

the point at which all of the body's mass and weight is equally balanced or equally distributed in all directions is the

center of gravity

the ____ vertebrae serves as a link between the thoracic spine-rib cage and the head

cervical

nearly all of the spinal column takes place within the two supportive structures known as the:

cervical and lumbar

which of the following is not true regarding concentric muscle contractions?

commonly described as being a negative type of contraction

which tension is developed in a muscle as a result of a stimulus it is known as

contraction

which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

decreases stability

the deltoid muscle inserts on the

deltoid tuberosity on the lateral humerus

which of the types of muscle contraction is usually utilized in causing an object's deceleration?

eccentric

which of the following actions is performed by the elevator scapulae?

elevation

III, IV, VI, XI, XII

except for some proprioceptive function, are primarily motor

which of the following statements is true regarding trunk movement at the lumbar spine?

extends 20 to 30 degrees

which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?

extensor carpi radialis longus

antagonist muscles are known as primary or prime movers or muscles involved in a joint action

false

dermatome = muscle or group of muscles supplied by a specific spinal nerve

false

eccentric muscles "actions" result from isometric muscle contractions

false

inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on medial edge of foot

false

isometric contractions are eccentric or concentric

false

it is the isotonic contraction that involves tension developed within muscle but joint angles remain constant

false

lateral epicondylitis is a condition that occurs less commonly that medial epicondylitis

false

levers rotate an axis of rotation as a result of a force being applied to cause movement in the same direction as the resistance

false

the ankle sprain is a common injury that involves the stretching or tearing of one or more tendons

false

the MMT for the shoulder, it is important to remember that external rotation (ER) is performed by

infraspinatus and teres minor

O= posterior surface of scapula below spine; I= greater tubercle on posterior side

infraspinatus muscle

in MMT, you can test the _____ by having the patient/athlete/client do external rotation

infraspinatus/teres minor

ipsilateral

on the same side

structurally, the proximal attachment of a muscle or the part that attaches closest to the midline or center of the body is known as:

origin

which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the 5th metatarsal?

peroneus Tertius

which of the following muscles is included in the anterior compartment?

peroneus Tertius

the muscle whose main purpose is to evert the foot is the:

peroneus longus and brevis

when someone has a flat foot, they are said to have

pes planus

what term is used to describe the motion of bringing the dorm of the foot closer to the anterior leg?

plantar flexion

the origin for the latissimus dorsi muscle is located:

posterior crest of the illium, back of the sacrum, and spinouse processes of lumbar and lower six thoracic vertebrae, slips from lower three ribs

which of the following is not a function performed by the skeletal system?

production of heat

when implementing any type of jump-landing training, it is imperative that the strength and conditioning professional emphasizes

proper technique

knowing where a body part is located without looking at it is known as

proprioception

it is the _____ that separates the supraspinatus from the infraspinatus muscle

spine of the scapula

the ___ process can be palpated on the posterior surface of the spine when it is flexed.

spinous

which of the following is the correct definition of kinesiology?

study of motion of human movement

the space beneath the clavicle where the brachial plexus and other important structures run is known as the

sub-acromial space

the muscle lies in the supraspinous fossa.

supraspinatus

which of the following statements is not true regarding the tibiofibular joint?

the interosseous membrane is located around the tibia and fibula shafts to provide support

difference between lifting a minimal vs. maximal resistance is:

the number of muscle fibers recruited

all of the following is true in regard to spinal nerves except

there are 8 cervical nerves

It is the acronym SITS that is used for naming the rotator cuff muscles

true

Overall the human leverage system is built for speed and range of movement at the expense of force generation.

true

The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.

true

a sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.

true

additionally, to optimize athlete compliance, program design should focus on performance and injury prevention simultaneously

true

when performing a pushup the biceps brachia is considered to be an antagonist muscle.

true

when the arm is held in anatomical position the radial tuberosity is in close proximity to lateral side of ulna

true

the most commonly injured ligament in the elbow due to throwing is the

ulnar collateral ligament

all of the following are movements of the wrist except

upward rotation

which of the following are actions associated with the shoulder girdle?

upward rotation, abduction, and elevation

there are eleven muscles that are considered to be "intrinsic" to the hand

false

commonly fractured by FOOSH

scaphoid

another name for the distal end of the tibia is

medial malleolus

The frontal plane divides the body into

front and back halves

the central. fleshy portion of the muscle is known as the:

gaster

I, II, and VIII

sensory

"carpal tunned syndrome" is swelling and inflammation from increased pressure in carpal tunnel that results in decreased function of the median nerve

true

diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints

true

the vertebral column has 32 pairs of spinal nerves

false

there are approximately 552 muscles in the human body

false

the scapula is an example of an irregular bone

false

the shape and arrangement of muscle fibers affect the muscle's ability to relax

false

the shape of bones does not limit movement.

false

the spinous processes are located anterior with the respect to the vertebral bodies

false

the teres major is part of the rotator cuff.

false

the central line of pull the quadriceps have on the patella is known as the

Q angle

the calf muscles of the superficial posterior compartment are primarily the flexor digitorum longs, flexor hallicus longs, popletieus, and tibialis posterior.

false

the coracobrachilis muscle inserts on the coracoid process

false

the distal end of the tibia is known as the lateral malleolus

false

the elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows for internal and external rotation

false

the first muscle to get weaker (atrophy) following an ankle injury is the extensor digitorum longus.

false

the insertion of the brachialis muscle is the coracoid process of the ulna

false

the medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the fibula.

false

the olecranon process is located on the medial aspect of the ulna

false

the first prominent tendon crossing the ankle anteromedially and the easiest to palpate is the

tibialis anterior

the most prominent tendon crossing the Ankle anterioromedially and the easiest to palpate is the

tibialis anterior

which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the 1st metatarsal?

tibialis anterior

Each muscle in the human body may be innervated by a single nerve or multiple nerves

true

all or none principle- regardless of number, individual muscle fibers within a given motor unit will either fire and contract maximally or not at all

true

another name for the scaphoid bone in the hand is navicular.

true

biomechanics is the study of mechanics related to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems

true

cervical nerves 5-8 and thoracic nerve 1 form the brachial plexus and supplies motor and sensory function to the upper extremity and most of the scapula

true

during the running gate, there is a time whereby both feet are totally off the ground

true

each toe has three phalanges except for the great toe which only has two

true

functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.

true

heel strike normally occurs by landing on the heel with the foot in supination and the leg in external rotation

true

insertion of brachioradialis muscle is the proximal end of the radius at the styloid process

true

isometric contraction involves tension developed within the muscle but the joint angles remain constant.

true

it can be said that the wrist flexor muscle originate at the medial epicondyle

true

it is true that there are only 7 cervical vertebrae and 8 cervical nerve roots.

true

longitudinal bone growth continues as long as epiphyseal plates are open

true

medial epicondylitis is also known as golfer's elbow.

true

motions of the wrist joint include flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

true

pronation is a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction.

true

structurally, the distal attachment or part that attaches farthest from the midline or center of the body is known as the insertion

true

structurally, the distal attachment or the part that attaches farthest from the midline or center of the body is known as the insertion.

true

the ankle and foot joints are composed of 26 bones in each foot.

true

the conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space is kinesthesis

true

the direction of the humeral head when it dislocates is anterior.

true

the distal malleoli of the tibia and fibula serve as pulleys for the posterior tendons to increase the mechanical advantage of the respective muscles in performing inversion and eversion

true

the knee joint is the largest joint in the body

true

the most common type of ankle sprain results from excessive inversion that causes damage to lateral structures

true


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