BBS 100-9165 BASIC BALLISTICS

Which of the following was the first successful rimfire cartridge, introduced by Smith & Wesson?

.22 Short

According to the author of the course textbook, an automated rotary caster is about _________ times as productive as manual casting.

10

The empirically derived formula for best hardness is: (Brinell hardness in BHN) = (Chamber pressure, measured in PSI)/(__________)

1280

What year was the .30-06 cartridge modified and adopted by the U.S. government?

1906

Pure lead melts at around _________

612°F

The 8x57mm Cartridge--developed in Europe--is also known as the ____________ in America.

8 mm Mauser

Which of the following safety precautions should someone observe when casting bullets?

All these choices

The Minié ball featured a plug in its base that ____.

Allows the bullet to seal against the bore and rifling

Match the bullet type to its description:

Armor Piercing- Has a hard metal (often steel or tungsten) penetrator that separates from jacket and core Tracer- Chemicals compressed at the base of the bullet burn as it travels, creating a visual reference for the projectiles path and impact Frangible- Crumbles or disintegrates when striking a hard target and often used for training

An identifiable feature of a cartridge casing is the rim design. Where the rim located?

At the base of the casing in the area identified as the cartridge head

A French weapons designer named ______________ developed smaller groove depths in rifling. This advancement in rifling improved the overall accuracy, and was adopted by American manufacturers.

Captain Tamasier

Each cartridge is made of four basic parts. Name these parts.

Case, Primer, Powder, Bullet

(T/F) Thanks to the ease at which the coating burns off, polymer coated bullets do not need to be sized before being loaded into cases.

False

True or False: Under pressure of the powder gas, obduration takes place, in which the case expands against the magazine wall, making a semi-rigid seal and preventing gas from escaping to the sides.

False

The raised portion in the bore, between two adjacent grooves is called a

Land

One of the more convenient devices for determining bullet drop is the

Powley High Velocity Chart

How many grains of black powder are used in the .50-110-300 Winchester cartridge?

110 grains

Match the following Ballistic terms:

BUCKSHOT: Large lead pellets in shotgun shells CENTERFIRE: This refers to a centrally located primer in the base of metallic cartridges. Most of these cartridges are reloadable ENERGY: The amount of work capable of being done by a projectile at a given range, expressed in foot/pounds RIFLING: Parallel spiral grooves cut or impressed into the bore of rifles and pistols in order to make the bullets spin, insuring a steady, point-on flight to the target TRAJECTORY: The path of the projectile in flight PRESSURE: The pressure exerted by a burning charge of powder in the chamber of a gun. Normally expressed as the peak pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI) OGIVE: The radius of the curve of the bullet nose, usually expressed in calibers FOOT/POUND: A unit of kinetic energy equal to the effort required to raise one pound to a height of one foot against normal gravitational force

Match the bullet type to its description:

Ball- Monolithic bullet with round nose and meplat Hollow Point- Has a large cavity in the nose of the bullet that limits penetration and causes expansion in soft targets Very Low Drag- Extremely streamlined to minimize air resistance Truncated- Has a flat, non-rebated nose but does not have sharp shoulders.

What was the early Greek term for ballistics, meaning "to throw"?

Ballein

Match the slug type to its description:

Brennke- Solid design featuring fins and an attached wad Foster- Similar shape to a ball bullet and having a hollow base Sabot- Jacketed design similar to a rifle bullet and used exclusively in rifled shotgun barrels

In a ________________ cartridge, the primer is located in a small well, or depression, in the center of the case head.

Centerfire

Several advancements in firearms and ammunition technology occurred in the mid-1800s that lead to the design of the modern projectile. What were they?

Design of cylindrical-conical shapes Rifled barrels Breechloaders

Match the bullet type to its description:

FMJ- Everything but the base of the bullet is encased in a harder metal Soft Point- The malleable core of the bullet protrudes from the jacket the tip of the projectile Match- Manufactured to more exacting specifications than other bullets and often used for competition Bonded- The jacket is secured to the core of the bullet by internal rings of materials Wadcutter- Flat-nosed round designed to cut precise holes in paper

(T/F) Lead was introduced as a projectile material after the advent of the firearm.

False

(T/F) Less-lethal shotgun projectiles are best for shooting at an assailant's head, since the projectiles almost never cause serious injuries.

False

(T/F) Shotgun gauge is a direct measurement of the diameter of the gun's bore.

False

(T/F) When melting lead, continue to increase the temperature after reaching the melting point to make sure you liquefy any impurities in the metal.

False

In a crosswind of 10 miles per hour, a .22 Long Rifle bullet, with a muzzle velocity of 1,335 fps will be blown downwind how many inches at 100 yards?

Five inches

Bullet energy is normally expressed in

Foot/pounds

The realm of interior ballistics extends

From the breech of the gun to the muzzle

The realm of exterior ballistics extends:

From the muzzle to the target

A thin metal pod of copper, zinc, aluminum, or brass at the base of a bullet is called a

Gas check

As the study of ballistics progressed, the field of ballistics was broken into two entirely different phases. Name these two phases.

Interior and Exterior ballistics

Rifling consists of:

Lands and grooves cut in a rifle barrel

A ______________ is the term used in measuring bullet dispersion and is approximately 1" at 100 yards.

Minute of Angel

What is one reason large buckshot may not be a good choice for home defense?

Pellets may perforate walls and strike targets beyond them

According to the text, round-nosed bullets with low velocities are specifically designed for:

Proper function in semiautomatic weapons

Heavier bullets:

Sustain their velocity longer than lighter ones

What is the main purpose of using a wad cutter bullet?

Target practice

Trajectory is best defined as

The pattern and curved path of a bullet in flight

Ballistics deals with

The science of moving projectiles

What features of the spitzer bullet extended its effective range?

The sharp point and elongated body

(T/F) While there will still be some smoke produced by the burning powder, Polymer-coated bullets do not create smoke on firing.

True

(T/F) With manually operated molds, overfilling should be controlled to avoid waste.

True

(T/F) adding tin or antimony to pure lead increases the hardness of the mixture.

True

(T/F): The boat tail spitzer is still the basic shape for most rifle bullets

True

True or False: Every gun that is fired has recoil

True

The forward speed of a bullet, usually specified in feet per second, is called

Velocity

What does the letter H stamped on the base of Winchester's rimfire ammunition stand for?

Winchester's shop superintendent, B.Tyler Henry

Early lead bullets were cast __________

then brought to more exact fit with patching.