BCOR 330: Chapter 4

What term describes the process organizations use to discover meaningful relationships and patterns among the data sets it has collected?

Data mining

Which of these steps in the data mining process most likely involves the actual "mining" or "Knowledge Discovery in Data"? Multiple choice question. Problem definition Knowledge deployment Data gathering and preparation Model building and evaluation

Model building and evaluation

Why is online analytical processing (OLAP) software included in many business intelligence (BI) software applications? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question.

-It allows reports and analytics to be exported to more user-friendly, front-end tools. -It allows users to view data from different perspectives or angles and gain new insights. -It allows for sophisticated data and trend analysis, data modeling, and forecasting.

Which type of database maintains the hardware and operating system offsite and is accessed via Internet-based applications? Multiple choice question.

Cloud database

For which task is a data mart more useful or appropriate than a data warehouse? Multiple choice question.

Resolving a current problem with a specific type of inventory, purchase transaction, or supply chain

A database management system (DBMS) is a computer program that is used to ______. exclusively develop software for databases help organize the data found in a database collect tables, relationships, and metadata manage all types of programs on a network

help organize the data found in a database

Relational database management systems (RDBMS) have a variety of tools that can be used to execute/run queries. One of these query tools is the ability to execute/run action queries. Which of the following are common types of action queries? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Update query Delete query Parameter query Append query

Update query Delete query Append query

In the ClassList table, the primary key is probably the __ field. Multiple choice question. Subject Professor Year Classnumber

classnumber

Forms structure data input to help ensure data ---- meaning the information entered is accurate, timely, and useful.

integrity or accuracy

Businesses use business intelligence (BI) systems to ___. Multiple choice question. collect and analyze information from multiple sources and analytic platforms help them make decisions that are informed by business data and facts ensure that their technologies, computer applications, and procedures are efficient create an accurate picture of their past, current, and future operations

help them make decisions that are informed by business data and facts

Where could you click to switch to the Design view

view

How does the structure of an online analytical processing (OLAP) database shape its core functionality? Multiple choice question.

Its use of data cubes allows users to conduct complex queries, analyses, and modeling by taking multiple dimensions of data (types or levels) into account and viewing data from multiple viewpoints or "slices" (such as by date and location).

Which of the following is a task that an SQL statement would be expected to perform? Multiple choice question. Retrieve data Organize data into a tabular structure Create relationships between data Maintain data integrity

Retrieve data

Which of the following are examples of data objects that a relational database management system (RDBMS) may include? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Important charts and graphs Addresses of the company's wholesalers and the number of items in a company's inventory Names of customers and records of when merchandise was returned

-Addresses of the company's wholesalers and the number of items in a company's inventory -Names of customers and records of when merchandise was returned

Which of the following sets of characteristics specifically apply to relational databases? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. A relational database organizes data in tables composed of records or objects (the rows), and fields (the columns). When a user accesses data in a relational database for different purposes, the database tables reorganize. Data tables in a relational database are linked by the fields they have in common. A relational database is designed to maintain data and information about various types of data including objects, events, people, and places.

A relational database organizes data in tables composed of records or objects (the rows), and fields (the columns). Data tables in a relational database are linked by the fields they have in common.

Which of the following are examples of data objects that a relational database management system (RDBMS) may include? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Names of customers and records of when merchandise was returned Important charts and graphs Addresses of the company's wholesalers and the number of items in a company's inventory

Names of customers and records of when merchandise was returned Addresses of the company's wholesalers and the number of items in a company's inventory

From the following list, select all of the examples of a relationship that an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) could be used to describe. Multiple select question. Products a customer has ordered The employees who report to a specific manager in an organizational chart The birthdate of an employee in an organizational chart The courses a student is taking

Products a customer has ordered The employees who report to a specific manager in an organizational chart The courses a student is taking

Which of the following statements describe the capabilities of relational database management system (RDBMS)? More than one answer may be correct. RDBMS allow users to view, add, revise, and remove data. RDBMS allow users to analyze both structured and nonstructured data. RDBMS focus on web-based retrieval of data. RDBMS have features that support the quality and security of data.

RDBMS allow users to view, add, revise, and remove data. RDBMS have features that support the quality and security of data.

Which of the following statements correctly describes referential integrity? More than one answer may be correct. Referential integrity applies to data quality within the structure of a relational database. For referential integrity to exist, data on both sides of the table relationship must be present. A language that is specific to the needs of the organization allows for referential integrity in a database. Relational database users should take steps to link orphaned records with primary key fields to ensure referential integrity.

Referential integrity applies to data quality within the structure of a relational database. For referential integrity to exist, data on both sides of the table relationship must be present.

Why do large, data-driven companies use analytic platforms? Multiple choice question.

They generate vast amounts of organizational data and need to be able to rapidly analyze and interpret this information to make informed business decisions.

To display or distribute information from a database, programmers or database administrators create ___

reports

Which of the following tasks can businesses perform with the help of in-memory computing? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question.

-Alerting online customers that the desired item is out of stock, before the order is placed -Predicting the impact of news on stock prices and conducting immediate transactions -Mapping alternate driving routes to help truckers avoid bad weather and traffic jams

In the two tables in the image, which field is a foreign key? Multiple choice question. FK OwnerID Owners Pets OwnerID

FK OwnerID

Businesses can use in-memory computing to conduct or support almost any task that ______. Multiple choice question.

involves the near-instantaneous processing and analysis of huge volumes of data

A query is a request for information stored in a database. One of the benefits of using a database to store information is the ability to run a query. In relational database management systems (RDBMS), there are a variety of query tools that are used to execute and run queries. Which of the following are tools used to run queries in an RDBMS? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Action queries Spreadsheet queries Crosstab queries SQL specific queries

Action queries Crosstab queries SQL specific queries

Which of the following are advantages of cloud databases over a traditional database? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Can be accessed through an application programming interface (API) Are maintained by an external provider, such as Amazon or Oracle Provides increased local control of database features Can support both SQL and NoSQL databases

Can be accessed through an application programming interface (API) Are maintained by an external provider, such as Amazon or Oracle Can support both SQL and NoSQL databases

Which statement best summarizes how organizations use data warehouses? Multiple choice question. Data warehouses are used to grant access to data from multiple sources via a single entry point. Data warehouses are used to store data from multiple sources for collective analysis. Data warehouses are used to regularly collect and store data from multiple sources. Data warehouses are used to combine and cross-check similar data from multiple sources.

Data warehouses are used to store data from multiple sources for collective analysis.

Which of the following is an example of an organization analyzing predictive behavior with the goal of creating new offerings? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Target keeps track of how many shoppers visit their stores on Sundays. Netflix tracks what users who viewed all three seasons of Stranger Things also had in their queues. DropBox tracks how many people subscribe to their services after viewing a specific marketing e-mail. An in-home healthcare provider tracks the hospital readmission rates of elderly people who live alone after they received care for falling in their homes.

Netflix tracks what users who viewed all three seasons of Stranger Things also had in their queues. An in-home healthcare provider tracks the hospital readmission rates of elderly people who live alone after they received care for falling in their homes.

A leading manufacturer of fitness trackers partners with a large health insurance network. Insurance network members receive a discounted fitness tracker and financial rewards for setting and achieving tracked personal fitness goals. Which characteristic of the resulting Big Data would be most directly affected by a tracker software error that counted users' arm movements as steps? Multiple choice question. Velocity Variety Volume Veracity

Veracity

Organizations use data warehouses mainly to ______. Multiple choice question. provide a single gateway to data from multiple sources facilitate the analysis of data from multiple sources provide Internet security check the veracity of similar data from multiple sources

facilitate the analysis of data from multiple sources

Analytic platforms are designed to ______. Multiple choice question. generate automatic reports on the performance of an organization's diverse business areas and operations quickly gather and analyze specific organizational data to provide information that guides decision making quickly calculate and interpret varying measures of data and automate the decision-making process use dedicated hardware, software, and networks to analyze large data sets from the organization's social media

quickly gather and analyze specific organizational data to provide information that guides decision making

Which statement explains the difference between a database and a database management system (DBMS)?

A DBMS is a software program designed to organize and administer databases.

For the past 10 years, a restaurant has been running a customer loyalty program, rewarding customers with discounts and treats. Records of these rewards have been kept in odd notes and multiple spreadsheets used in different ways by various employees who have come and gone over the years. Because of this, some customers are not getting their rewards, while others are receiving rewards they have not earned. Overall, the restaurant is losing money and business with this program. How can a database management system (DBMS) help with this problem? A DBMS will help the owners manage the data they already have to run their customer loyalty program more efficiently. Using a DBMS will help the restaurant owners continue to serve high-quality food and manage employee payroll. Using a DBMS will bring in more customers to the restaurant.

A DBMS will help the owners manage the data they already have to run their customer loyalty program more efficiently.

What is the purpose of an SQL statement? Multiple choice question. Create an entity relationship diagram Analyze nonstructured data Organize data into tables based on structured groupings Answer questions about the database

Answer questions about the database

How are data marts different from data warehouses? Multiple choice question. Data marts focus on an individual department or business function and manage less data than a data warehouse. Data marts combine data from an organization's data warehouse with new data obtained from other sources. Data marts contribute to an organization's data warehouse by supplying the data from one department or function. Data marts are stand-alone, departmental data systems, while data warehouses are an integrated, enterprise-level system.

Data marts focus on an individual department or business function and manage less data than a data warehouse.

Data mining is best described as ______. Multiple choice question. a research and analysis technique in which data analysts employ mathematical tools and artificial intelligence (AI) to search large volumes of data and discover less-obvious patterns and trends the only means of mathematically analyzing data sets that are too large for online analytical processing (OLAP) software and simpler tools to handle the process in which businesses create a strategy and action plan based on what their data mining software has identified, modeled, and predicted from their data a type of artificial intelligence (AI) program that uses statistics to automatically identify negative trends, likely outcomes, and corrective steps or actions to take

a research and analysis technique in which data analysts employ mathematical tools and artificial intelligence (AI) to search large volumes of data and discover less-obvious patterns and trends

Database management system (DBMS) make it easier to secure data and information because they ______.

allow for the creation of access constraints

Database management system (DBMS) make it easier to secure data and information because they ______. are less expensive than traditional systems allow for the creation of access constraints prevent duplication of data allow records to be easily updated

allow for the creation of access constraints

Referential integrity states that structural relationships in relational databases must ______. Multiple choice question. remain secure: primary keys should not be deleted allow for data retrieval: SQL or customized languages may be used perform CRUD functions: users may create, read, update, and delete data fields be consistent: a foreign key field that references a primary key field must agree with that primary key

be consistent: a foreign key field that references a primary key field must agree with that primary key

In the relationship shown in the image, the Owners table is linked to the Pets table by a one-to-many relationship. This means that each entry in the OwnerID field can be linked to many ___. Multiple choice question.

pets

So that users can find specific information quickly by using filters based on specific criteria, databases allow the creation of ___. Multiple choice question.

queries

A database provides the capability of conducting searches or asking questions. A question or search for information in a database is called

query

To search a database for information, create a ___. Multiple choice question.

query

In a relational database, such as Microsoft Access, a collection of related fields in a data file is called a

record

A link between tables in a relational database that defines how the data are related is called a _____. Multiple choice question. link relationship partnership join

relationships

Which of the following would be a reason why an organization would use web usage mining? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question.

-A new social media platform wants to increase engagement and is looking to know what content its most frequent users spend the most time engaging with. -An e-commerce business looking to improve the customer experience on its website to boost sales wants to know what types of sites users go to after visiting their website and putting items in their cart, but not completing a purchase.

Which of the following is an example of a web experience that could be improved by web mining? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question.

-A subscription learning app that targets kindergarten students wants to meaningfully update its lessons so that visually impaired children can use them. -A travel company wants to know what amenities people search for before booking a hotel for a vacation so that the company can increase the coverage of those amenities on their website. -A small online retailer has noticed that most people viewing products from its gaming pages browse for about 5 minutes and end up making purchases, but over 75 percent of people viewing products from its home goods pages leave within the first 30 seconds. It wants information on how the two pages are different

Which of the following tasks are NoSQL databases designed to do? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Analyze nonstructured data Manage large datasets across different platforms Analyze only data that have been tagged or defined Create queries from the data created from web apps

-Analyze nonstructured data -Manage large datasets across different platforms -Create queries from the data created from web apps

Select the two statements that correctly explain the roles of data marts and data warehouses in a decision support system (DSS). Data marts are used to analyze recent data that a department needs for operational troubleshooting and management, because they collect and measure data specific to that area. Data warehouses are used to create valuable collections of data that organizations can sell to others, because the profits help fund the organization's enterprise-level, strategic goals. Data warehouses are used to analyze long-term, historical data for an organization's strategic purposes, because they store data from different time periods and subject areas. Data marts are used to compare specific data from different departments or business functions, because the data mart for each area contains more detailed data than a data warehouse.

-Data marts are used to analyze recent data that a department needs for operational troubleshooting and management, because they collect and measure data specific to that area. -Data warehouses are used to analyze long-term, historical data for an organization's strategic purposes, because they store data from different time periods and subject areas.

Why is online analytical processing (OLAP) software included in many business intelligence (BI) software applications? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. It focuses on financial business data and multiple dimensions of financial markets. It allows reports and analytics to be exported to more user-friendly, front-end tools. It allows for sophisticated data and trend analysis, data modeling, and forecasting. It allows users to view data from different perspectives or angles and gain new insights. It stores information in relational databases that most users are already familiar with.

-It allows reports and analytics to be exported to more user-friendly, front-end tools. -It allows for sophisticated data and trend analysis, data modeling, and forecasting. -It allows users to view data from different perspectives or angles and gain new insight

Which of the following statements correctly describes a defining characteristic of Big Data? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. The data are automatically collected and processed or analyzed at least once daily. The data are accurate and have been verified across multiple, separate sources. The data are from structured and unstructured sources and exist in multiple forms. The data are measured in terabytes (trillions of bytes) or even larger units.

-The data are from structured and unstructured sources and exist in multiple forms. -The data are measured in terabytes (trillions of bytes) or even larger units.

Which of the following is an example of an advantage of being able to access a database via the web? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question.

-Your company needs suppliers in all countries to be able to access your inventory database. -Turnover among telephone customer service representatives at your company is high and they receive only brief training before they interact with customers. Reps need to be able to access your sales database to assist customers who call. -Your product is primarily sold in developing countries where most of your suppliers are small business owners who access the Internet via a mobile device instead of a computer.

Which statement explains the difference between a database and a database management system (DBMS)? A DBMS is a software program designed to organize and administer databases. Organizations often create their own databases but usually purchase DBMS software from other companies. A DBMS is a collection of tables, relationships, and metadata; a database is used to organize data.

A DBMS is a software program designed to organize and administer databases.

Given the Four V's of Big Data, which of the following organizations most likely uses Big Data? Multiple choice question. A leading news website that uses data about its visitors' and followers' activities to shape its news coverage, customize news alerts, and gain advertisers and subscribers. A regional sporting goods chain that uses customers' billing and shipping information and order history to mail them catalogs and postcards for sales and promotions. A university system that uses students' reviews of its faculty and courses to help administrators make decisions about faculty members' salaries and tenure. A popular food truck that regularly tweets and posts its location, offers coupon codes to its followers on social media, and accepts mobile, digital wallet payment.

A leading news website that uses data about its visitors' and followers' activities to shape its news coverage, customize news alerts, and gain advertisers and subscribers.

Which of the following is an example of why a database should be accessible through the web? More than one answer may apply. Multiple select question.

A small distributor with limited staffing wants customers to be able to track the status of their orders without having to contact a customer service representative. A company has recently scaled its operations so that it competes internationally and needs business partners all over the world to have access to its database. A large portion of a company's workforce are contract workers who work offsite, using their own devices to complete their work.

In analyzing transactions, Walmart discovered that many people who buy Children's Tylenol in their stores also buy orange juice in the same transaction. They used this information to discount Children's Tylenol but raise the price of orange juice during flu season. What is the name of the approach Walmart used to discover this information? Multiple choice question. Big data Business intelligence software Data volume The cloud

Big data

What element of a database field specifies the data in a field such as text, numeric, or date/time? Multiple choice question. Data Type Data Mart Data Specificity Data Configuration

Data Type

Which statement most accurately describes the value of data integrity to an organization? Data integrity in a company database depends exclusively on the achievement of centralization. An organization's most efficient databases use data structures to create relationships and allow for data integrity. To achieve data integrity, a company goal should be to improve data management practices before investing in a database. Databases and database management system (DBMS) with a high level of data integrity enable more efficient data maintenance in support of organizational goals.

Databases and database management system (DBMS) with a high level of data integrity enable more efficient data maintenance in support of organizational goals.

Data integrity is increased when ______. data are centralized data are stored in multiple places a database functions in a relational manner the system ensures data security

data are centralized

Organizing data so that data are in simple tables without any redundancies is known as __________. Multiple choice question. data scrubbing data mining data administration data normalization

data normalization

To create a relationship between two tables, it is necessary to create a ---- key in one table that is the primary key of the other table.

foreign, foreign key, or fk

To control how information is entered into a database, programmers and database administrators create ___ to help ensure data integrity. Multiple choice question. records forms relationships tables

forms

A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a type of DBMS whose primary function is to ______. allow data to be created, read, updated, deleted, and stored show how data are connected through relationships employ a row-and-column table structure centralize data

show how data are connected through relationships

The primary characteristic of a relational database is that it ______. accesses information from web sources to augment data integrity organizes data in a tabular format so the user can form relationships upon request. interfaces with other databases to create data relationships stores and allows access to data objects that are related to one another

stores and allows access to data objects that are related to one another

Which of the following correctly describes a type of data mart? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Enterprise data marts combine data from related departments to create warehouses. Dependent data marts extract data from a data warehouse when it is needed. Independent data marts are separate from a data warehouse and are created in order to collect data relating only to particular business functions. Hybrid data marts combine data from a data warehouse and other collection systems. Top-down data marts are designed by department heads to serve specific functions.

-Dependent data marts extract data from a data warehouse when it is needed. -Independent data marts are separate from a data warehouse and are created in order to collect data relating only to particular business functions. -Hybrid data marts combine data from a data warehouse and other collection systems.

Which of the following tasks can businesses perform with the help of in-memory computing? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Predicting the impact of news on stock prices and conducting immediate transactions Alerting online customers that the desired item is out of stock, before the order is placed Mapping alternate driving routes to help truckers avoid bad weather and traffic jams Collecting information from new customers to quickly enroll them into a program

-Predicting the impact of news on stock prices and conducting immediate transactions -Alerting online customers that the desired item is out of stock, before the order is placed -Mapping alternate driving routes to help truckers avoid bad weather and traffic jams

Which of the following is an example of the type of information data mining can yield? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. The likelihood of a Gen-X female who makes $50,000 and is divorced with no children will take a trip within a year of her divorce being finalized How much a 23-year-old male college student will spend on a new car after starting his first job Middle-aged males who are members of their local church bible study group are more inclined to vote than younger males who are also members of local bible study groups.

-The likelihood of a Gen-X female who makes $50,000 and is divorced with no children will take a trip within a year of her divorce being finalized -Middle-aged males who are members of their local church bible study group are more inclined to vote than younger males who are also members of local bible study groups.

A corporate sales organization is hosting its annual regional meeting. It needs to book a hotel within the region where attendees will stay for three days and two nights. The hotel must have: 30 standard hotel rooms for its sales reps, 5 suites for the regional managers, and 5 conference rooms to hold training sessions. There also must be two restaurants within walking distance of the hotel that can accommodate a dinner reservation for 40 people. Which web mining technique would the organization use to narrow down the choices of hotels to those that fit these parameters? Multiple choice question. Web content mining Web structure mining Web usage mining

Web content mining: Web content mining is a good tool to extract specified information from a website. Data from the hotels' web pages will be extracted and analyzed to determine which hotels meet the specified criteria

A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a type of DBMS whose primary function is to ______. allow data to be created, read, updated, deleted, and stored show how data are connected through relationships employ a row-and-column table structure centralize data

show how data are connected through relationships

For which of the following tasks would it be more appropriate to use a NoSQL database than a SQL database? More than one answer may be correct. Multiple select question. Analyzing large volumes of data that are stored in the cloud Organizing user-generated comments from your company's Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram pages Managing interactions between salespeople and customers at a small company

Analyzing large volumes of data that are stored in the cloud Organizing user-generated comments from your company's Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram pages

A mid-sized independent hardware store has recently merged with a large national chain. The local owners have long used a reliable database to manage inventory. Their database has been essential in balancing orders for seasonal merchandise with the problem of limited shelf space. The merger will soon entail managing many more types of data, as the national chain has approved lists of suppliers, precise requirements for recording transactions, specific human resources procedures, and more. Which statement best summarizes what the local managers will be able to do for the first time when they start using the parent company's database management system (DBMS)? The managers can reorganize their file management system to meet the requirements of the national organization. The managers will be able to create, edit, and store data in a secure manner across all data types required by the parent company. The managers can set up controls to limit access to the information contained in their databases as never before. The managers will be able to input and store data based on customer needs to better improve decisions concerning seasonal inventory.

The managers will be able to create, edit, and store data in a secure manner across all data types required by the parent company

In contrast to computerized systems, traditional file management systems can create issues with ______. organization, repetition, and lack of consistency too many manual records, file folders, and papers the organization of papers, files, and documents the need for records, signatures, and workable systems

organization, repetition, and lack of consistency