Bio 101: Chapter 4

Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water? The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. They exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity. They are less dense than water.

The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.

Most organic compounds contain carbon and _____. sulfur phosphate oxygen hydrogen nitrogen

hydrogen In fact, some argue that carbon dioxide should not be considered an organic molecule because it does not contain hydrogen.

Molecules that have the same chemical formula (same numbers of each atom) but different three-dimensional shapes are called _____. hydrocarbons isotopes isomers functional groups enantiomers

isomers Isomers of carbon compounds can arise in several different ways

The two molecules shown in the figure below are best described as _____. structural isomers enantiomers chain length isomers cis-trans isomers

structural isomers

The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to _____. of rare elements in organic molecules the diverse bonding patterns of nitrogen the chemical versatility of carbon atoms their interaction with water

the chemical versatility of carbon atoms

Organic chemistry is currently defined as the study of vital forces. the study of compounds made only by living cells. the study of natural (as opposed to synthetic) compounds. the study of carbon compounds. the study of hydrocarbons.

the study of carbon compounds