Bio 110 Chapter 16 Quiz Terms are Questions

In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following will be found?

A + C = G + T

n trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of which of the following facts?

DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does not.

What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?

DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end of a growing strand.

Which of the following statements describes chromatin?

Heterochromatin is highly condensed, whereas euchromatin is less compact.

Which of the following statements is true of histones?

Histone H1 is not present in the nucleosome bead; instead, it draws the nucleosomes together.

Why do histones bind tightly to DNA?

Histones are positively charged, and DNA is negatively charged.

Which of the following statements describes the eukaryotic chromosome?

It consists of a single linear molecule of double-stranded DNA plus proteins.

In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe?

Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form.

Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of the following reasons?

Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regarding the strands that make up DNA?

The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.

How do we describe transformation in bacteria?

assimilation of external DNA into a cell

The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis

depends on the action of DNA polymerase.

Which of the following sets of materials are required by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes for replication?

double-stranded DNA, four kinds of dNTPs, primers, origins

In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around

histones.

The spontaneous loss of amino groups from adenine in DNA results in hypoxanthine, an uncommon base, opposite thymine. What combination of proteins could repair such damage?

nuclease, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase

What is the function of topoisomerase?

relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork

It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in which of the following?

sequence of bases

Which of the following can be determined directly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA?

the diameter of the helix

The leading and the lagging strands differ in that

the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction.

The difference between ATP and the nucleoside triphosphates used during DNA synthesis is that

the nucleoside triphosphates have the sugar deoxyribose; ATP has the sugar ribose.