BIO 1122 Chapter 27

15. The time between 542-488 million years ago marks which period? a. Cambrian period b. Silurian period c. Ediacaran period d. Devonian period

a. Cambrian period

9. An animal whose development is marked by radial cleavage and enterocoely is ________. a. a deuterostome b. an annelid or mollusk c. either an acoelomate or eucoelomate d. none of the above

a. a deuterostome

17. Plantof the following periods? life first appeared on land during which a. Cambrian period b. Ordovician period c. Silurian period d. Devonian period

b. Ordovician period

4. Which of the following is not a feature common to most animals? a. development into a fixed body plan b. asexual reproduction c. specialized tissues d. heterotrophic nutrient sourcing

b. asexual reproduction

8. Which of the following is not possible? a. radially symmetrical diploblast b. diploblastic eucoalomate c. protostomic coelomate d. bilaterally symmetrical deuterostome

b. diploblastic eucoalomate

14. What type of data is primarily used to determine the existence and appearance of early animal species? a. molecular data b. fossil data c. morphological data d. embryological development data

b. fossil data

11. Which of the following is thought to be the most closely related to the common animal ancestor? a. fungal cells b. protist cells c. plant cells d. bacterial cells

b. protist cells

Which of the following statements is false? a. Eumetazoans have specialized tissues and parazoans don't. b. Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa are both Bilataria. c. Acoela and Cnidaria both possess radial symmetry. d. Arthropods are more closely related to nematodes than they are to annelids.

c. Acoela and Cnidaria both possess radial symmetry.

10. Consulting the modern phylogenetic tree of animals, which of the following would not constitute a clade? a. deuterostomes b. lophotrochozoans c. Parazoa d. Bilateria

c. Parazoa

7. Which of the following organism is most likely to be a diploblast? a. sea star b. shrimp c. jellyfish d. insect

c. jellyfish

16. Until recent discoveries suggested otherwise, animals existing before the Cambrian period were believed to be: a. small and ocean-dwelling b. small and non-motile c. small and soft-bodied d. small and radially symmetrical or asymmetrical

c. small and soft-bodied

5. During embryonic development, unique cell layers develop and distinguish during a stage called ________. a. the blastula stage b. the germ layer stage c. the gastrula stage d. the organogenesis stage

c. the gastrula stage

13. Which of the following periods is the earliest during which animals may have appeared? a. Ordovician period b. Cambrian period c. Ediacaran period d. Cryogenian period

d. Cryogenian period

3. Which of the following statements about diploblasts and triploblasts is false? a. Animals that display radial symmetry are diploblasts. b. Animals that display bilateral symmetry are triploblasts. c. The endoderm gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and the respiratory tract. d. The mesoderm gives rise to the central nervous system.

d. The mesoderm gives rise to the central nervous system.

18. Approximately how many mass extinction events occurred throughout the evolutionary history of animals? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. more than 5

d. more than 5

12. As with the emergence of the Acoelomorpha phylum, it is common for ____ data to misplace animals in close relation to other species, whereas ____ data often reveals a different and more accurate evolutionary relationship. a. molecular : morphological b. molecular : fossil record c. fossil record : morphological d. morphological : molecular

d. morphological : molecular

6. Which of the following phenotypes would most likely be the result of a Hox gene mutation? a. abnormal body length or height b. two different eye colors c. the contraction of a genetic illness d. two fewer appendages than normal

d. two fewer appendages than normal