Bio 1408
TRUE OR FALSE: Most chemicals used in the laboratory can be discarded in the sink after use.
False
If you wanted to test whether or not a particular pain reliever was effective in the general population, you would need to design an experiment with an experimental group and a control group. What should be the only difference between these two groups?
Treatment: The experimental group should get the pain reliever, and the control group should get a placebo
When should you wear a lab coat in the laboratory?
You should always wear a lab coat.
In muscle cells, fermentation produces not alcohol but
lactic acid.
The base unit of measure for volume in the metric system is the
liter.
In which circumstance is food and/or beverage allowed in the laboratory?
never
Which best describes the diet of pillbugs?
omnivore
Cellular respiration
oxidizes glucose and reduces oxygen.
Chlorophyll A and Chlorophyll B are
photosynthetic pigments.
In the pillbug experiment, the substance used as the control was
sand.
What instrument did you use to weigh objects in the metric system lab?
scale
What is produced when beer is made?
CO2 and ethanol
What is the normal human body temperature at the Fahrenheit temperature scale?
98.6ºF
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis → preparatory reaction → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain
A student set up respirometers to measure fermentation of two different carbohydrates by yeast. He measured the height of the bubble (in mm) in each respirometer every 5 minutes for 20 minutes. His data can be seen in the table below. Time (minutes) Which of the errors listed below could have caused him to get this result?
He forgot to add the yeast.
In order to be of scientific value, it is important that a hypothesis should be
testable.
How many liters are there in 1000 milliliters?
1
Match the action to the appropriate phase of the scientific method 1. draw graphs, evaluate the hypothesis 2. carry out the strategy, collect measurements 3. formulate a hypothesis and create a strategy 4. document results
1. analysis 2. experiment 3. hypothesis 4. report
The conversion between basic units and derived units in the metric system are based on a factor of
10
How many centimeters are there in a meter?
100
As a result of glycolysis, there is a net gain of ________ ATP.
2
How long should you scrub your hands with soap before rinsing?
20 seconds
If a specimen was being viewed using a 20x objective lens and 10x ocular lens, what would be the total magnification?
200x
During the soybean experiment the nongerminating soybeans consumed around 0.02 mL/min of oxygen. What does this tell you about the cellular respiration of the nongerminating soybeans?
A little cellular respiration was taking place but not enough for growth.
A disinfectant is used on your work surface:
ALL OF THE ANSWER CHOICES ARE CORRECT -before the beginning of laboratory procedures. -after any spill of live microorganisms. -after all work is complete.
A good scientific experiment is reproducible. What does this mean?
Anyone can conduct the same experiment in another lab and expect the same results.
In the yeast fermentation experiment, what is being produced to cause the air bubble at the top of the tube to increase over time?
CO2
In the metric system, the base unit of temperature is t
Celsius.
The products of fermentation depend on the type of organism carrying out the process. What do yeast produce during fermentation?
Ethyl alcohol and CO2
True or False: Eyeglasses provide the same protection as goggles or safety glasses.
False
True or False: If the hypothesis in a scientific experiment is not supported, the experiment is considered a complete failure and must be repeated until a satisfactory outcome is reached.
False
True or False: The metric scale of temperature is Fahrenheit
False
The oxygen produced by a plant comes most directly from
H2O.
Why is it important to use the tare function when weighing an object placed in a beaker?
It allows you to weigh the object and disregard the beaker.
Which of the following statements about chlorophyll is correct?
It reflects light in the green light spectrum.
In what type of emergency situation would you utilize the equipment seen in this image?
Removing a large volume of chemicals spilled on unprotected arms or splashed onto your face or eyes.
The best source of information regarding the hazards posed by any chemical and specific handling instructions is the
Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
Yeast cells under anaerobic conditions
produce ethyl alcohol (ethanol).
Which of the following is a defense mechanism of pillbugs against predation?
rolls up
Where can you perform the experiment phase of the scientific method?
scientific experimentation can occur anywhere, depending upon the problem being examined
In order to come to reliable conclusions about pillbug preferences, you needed to use the
scientific method.
Where should glass slides, pipettes, and capillary tubes be disposed?
sharps container
The full range of energy (seen and unseen) in sunlight can best be described as
the electromagnetic spectrum.
A student measured the weight of 10 male rats fed junk food compared to 10 male rats fed a healthy diet. The average weight of each group can be seen in the table below. What important variable did the student hold constant when she designed this experiment?
the sex of the rats
During the experiment measuring energy production in plants, the highest rate of cellular respiration occurred in
the tube containing germinating seeds.
Old lab notes, paper towels, and lens paper should be discarded into a _________ bin when you are finished with them
trash
The liter is the metric base unit of measurement for
volume.
The reactants of photosynthesis are
water and carbon dioxide.
When should the chemical fume hood be used?
when using hazardous chemicals
Fermentation occurs if __________.
oxygen is not present
Which of the following is the largest?
polysaccharide
The number of ATP produced during aerobic cellular respiration from one glucose molecule is usually __________.
36-38
How many total ATP are produced during glycolysis?
4
What is oxidation?
The removal of electrons and H+ ions to form new molecules
What is more important: to formulate a believable, testable hypothesis or to develop a good strategy to test the hypothesis accurately?
The right testing strategy is more important.
Using the respirometer, how can you determine which carbohydrate is used most efficiently by yeast for fermentation?
The solution in the tube with the largest gas bubble has fermented most efficiently
What would happen if NAD+ were not available for cellular respiration?
There would be a great reduction in the number of ATP formed.
The specialized organelles that carry out photosynthesis are called
chloroplasts.
As electrons are passed down the electron transport chain, the energy released is used immediately to __________.
concentrate H+ in the intermembrane space
When you are finished with the dissection tray and forceps used in dissection of a preserved specimen you should
wash in the sink.
Most atmospheric oxygen comes from photosynthesis. From which of the following molecules is the oxygen derived?
water
In the metric system, gram, meter, and liter are _____ units.
basic
Photosynthesis is
divided into two major steps, light dependent reactions and light independent reactions.
How is a control group treated in a scientific experiment?
The control group receives all the same treatments except the experimental variable.
What is the purpose of a control group in scientific experiments?
The control group undergoes standard or no treatment and serves as a baseline for a group receiving an experimental treatment.
How is the metric system different than the standard United States system?
The metric system is based on units of 10.
TRUE OR FALSE: Germinating soybeans will have a higher cellular respiration rate than non-germinating soybeans?
True
True or False: The Celsius scale is primarily used in climate studies and industry.
True
True or False: Watches, bracelets, and rings should be removed prior to washing hands.
True
True or False: comparing the milligram, gram, microgram, and kilogram, the largest unit of weight is the kilogram.
True
A student set up an experiment to show the effect of light color on photosynthesis in Elodea plants. She filled three test tubes with distilled water and placed a piece of Elodea in each of the tubes. She added a drop of phenol red, which turns red in a basic solution and yellow in an acidic solution. She blew in each tube to add carbon dioxide, which caused the distilled water to become more acidic so the phenol red turned yellow. She exposed Tube A to white light, Tube B to green light, and Tube C was wrapped in aluminum foil. Which of the tubes should she expect to turn red the fastest?
Tube A
Which type of process requires oxygen as a substrate?
aerobic
The cellular respiration pathway that occurs in the mitochondria is
aerobic.
Which type of process is alcoholic fermentation?
anaerobic
Which type of process is lactic acid fermentation?
anaerobic
When measuring the volume of a liquid in a graduated cylinder, at which point should the measurement be taken?
at the bottom of the meniscus
Laboratory instruments are sterilized prior to reuse by __________.
autoclaving (steam autoclave)
Dissection specimens and bacterial culture plates should be discarded into a _________ bin when you are finished with them.
biohazard
Which is the most appropriate disposal for a swab used to culture your throat during lab?
biohazard bag
Infectious agents in the laboratory are classified into four ____________ levels based on their ease of transmission and ability to cause disease.
biosafety
How should the gas bubble should be read?
by the leading edge
How is a respirometer used to measure fermentation?
by the size of the gas bubble produced
Which gas is produced as a result of fermentation?
carbon dioxide
The organelle where photosynthesis occurs is the
chloroplast.
The meniscus is
curvature of the water level.
When utilizing the scientific method, there are two types of variables. They are
dependent and independent.
The processes of glycolysis that break down glucose to pyruvate during the energy-investment phase involve the removal of __________.
electrons and hydrogen from glucose, and the addition of phosphate to ADP
In which phase of the scientific method is the strategy carried out and measurements collected?
experiment
You decide to test your pillbugs' preference for an acidic environment versus a nonacidic environment. On one side of the chamber you place filter paper moistened with water. What is appropriate to place on the other side to test this variable?
filter paper moistened with vinegar
What do you do in the hypothesis phase?
formulate a tentative explanation to your question or observation
In the soybean experiment, the _____ used more oxygen and the ___ produced more ATP.
germinating seeds; germinating seeds
In cellular respiration, carbon dioxide is formed from the oxidation of which of the following?
glucose
What carbohydrate is the starting compound for glycolysis?
glucose
Which of the following substrates is fermented at the highest rate by yeast?
glucose
A process common to all living organisms, whether aerobic or anaerobic, is
glycolysis.
Which prefix added to the base unit means times 1000?
kilo
Which of the following units is the metric basic unit of length?
meter
How does a pillbug react when confronted with a noxious (unpleasant) substance?
moves away from it
Fermentation in yeast can occur without
oxygen
When graphing your data, it is important to
place the dependent variable on the Y-axis.
