BIO 25 - Chapter 5

What is keratin?

A tough, fibrous, waterproof protein

Which type of gland is found in the armpit and genital area, responsible for milky and odorous sweat?

Apocrine gland

What is the function of Vitamin D?

Calcium absorption

What does the reticular layer have that the papillary layer doesn't?

Glands

_____ is a non-living keratinized structure produced by the _____ . A. Adipose : subcutaneous B. Hair: hair follicle C. Nail root: dermis D. Sebaceous gland : epidermis

Hair: hair follicle

There are many functions of the skin that are necessary for homeostasis. When a person is severely burned, it can be life threatening. The patient will be immediately placed on IV fluids, and carefully wrapped in sterile, clean dressing. Why?

Loss of skin can cause severe loss of water and dehydration.

The epidermis of thick skin has an additional layer. This layer is the _____?

Stratum Lucidum

What are ceruminous glands?

They produce a waxy secretion for example the ear

What is the function of a melanocyte?

To produce pigment that protects from UV radiation

What are the levels of pigments?

1. Carotene: orang-black 2. Melanin: yellow-black

What are the four steps to injury repair for skin?

1. Inflammatory Phase 2. Migratory Phase 3. Proliferation 4. Scarring Phase

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

1. Stratum Corneum 2. Stratum Lucidum 3. Stratum Granulosum 4. Stratum Spinosum 5. Stratum Basale

The _____ smooth muscle contracts to form "goosebumps" when cold or stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

arrector pili

A common type of skin cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, where squamous cells form tiny tumors in the skin that look like a tiny pink bump or scab on the surface of the skin. What type of cell is overgrown in a squamous cell carcinoma?

keratinocytes

The mitotically active basal cells that produce hair are found in the _____ . A. hair cuticle B. hair matrix C. hair medulla D. hair shaft

hair matrix

The thickened layer of stratum corneum underneath the free edge of the nail is the _____ .

hyponychium

What type of tissue is found in the epidermis?

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

What is the deadliest form of skin cancer? What type of cell is involved?

malignant melanoma; melanocytes

What type of epithelium is found in the skin? A. simple cuboidal B. simple squamous C. stratified cuboidal D. stratified squamous

stratified squamous

The layer of epidermis that contains stem cells and produces all other layers is the _____ .

stratum basale

When the body is warm _____ glands will be stimulated to produce sweat.

sudoriferous

An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which of the following layers of the skin did he have to cut in order to bleed? a. stratum corneum b. stratum basale c. papillary dermis d. stratum granulosum

Papillary Dermis

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

Protection, Waste Excretion, Regulation of Body Temperature, Production of Keratin and Melanin, Synthesis of Vitamin D3, Fat Storage, Sensation, and Immune Response

The precursor to Vitamin D that is produced by the skin is _____ .

cholecalciferol

What type of tissue is found in the reticular layer of the dermis?

dense irregular connective tissue

The projections or folds of the epidermis-dermis junction are formed by the _____ , located in the _____ . A. dermal papilla : dermal papillary layer B. dermal trabeculae : dermal reticular layer C. epidermal pores : epidermis stratum corneum D. epidermal strata : epidermis stratum basale

dermal papilla ; dermal papillary layer

The layer of skin that contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics, hair follicles, and sweat glands is the _____ .

dermis

What specific layer of skin is found directly below the stratum basale of the epidermis?

dermis - papillary layer

What is the outermost layer of skin?

epidermis