Bio 3 exam 2

The allele that controls the phenotype when paired with a different allele in a heterozygote individual is _____.

Dominant

Two copies of the same gene on a single chromosome would indicate a(n) ________ had occurred.

Duplication

Which of the following listed here is the smallest unit in the Linnaean hierarchy?

Genus

The liquid portion of human blood cannot absorb enough oxygen to meet the body's demands. However, ________ in red blood cells greatly increase(s) the oxygen-carrying capacity of human blood.

Hemoglobin

An X-linked carrier is a female individual with a ________ genotype, on her X chromosomes, who does not express the recessive trait but can pass it along to offspring.

Heterozygous

The specific version of a genetic trait that is displayed by a given individual is the _____.

Phenotype

An allele that does not affect the phenotype when paired with a dominant allele in a heterozygote is

Recessive

An allele that is not expressed in heterozygous carriers is called a(n) ________ allele.

Recessive

Since the human female contributes the egg to the zygote and the human male contributes the sperm containing only DNA, you receive your mitochondrial DNA from your mother. What can you receive only from your father?

The Y chromosome

All hominins are hominids, but not all hominids are hominins.

True

Large blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from the legs to the heart are

Veins

Which of the following genotypes represents a human male?

XY

The pulmonary ________ carries ________ blood from the heart to the lungs.

artery; oxygen-poor

Chromosomes that are NOT involved in determining gender are known as

autosomes

The thalamus is part of the ________ nervous system.

central

Air that is entering the lungs has a ________ concentration of ________ in an alveolus.

higher; oxygen and a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than air

The human species Neanderthal is extinct today, but some scientists believe that most of us carry Neanderthal DNA in our own genomes. Where did this Neanderthal DNA come from?

interbreeding between Neanderthal and sapiens at the time both species lived together

A Punnett square is used to

predict the genotypes and phenotypes of a genetic cross.

Most inherited human genetic disorders are inherited as ________ alleles.

recessive

A nurse reports that a patient's blood pressure is 118/78. The top number in this reading is referred to as ________ and the bottom number is referred to as ________

systole; dystole