Bio - Chapter 21 - evidence for evolution (c)

1.variation 2.food

finches on the Galapagos islands exhibit remarkable _______ in the shape of their beaks that can be related to their specific ____ gathering habits

related

many fossils that have been discovered provide information regarding the evolutionary change of a series of ________ organisms

wolf = thylacine lesser anteater = numbat flying squirrel = flying phalanger

match marsupial mammals to placental mammals that look similar and occupy the same niche (431)

ground finches= crushing beaks vampire finches = sharp beaks warbler finches = small narrow beaks

match the beaks with feeding habits

homology = vertebrate limb embryonic development = lanugo vestigal structure = coccyx

match the different types of anatomical evidence for evolution to an example

1.fly 2.swim 3.float

species that _____, _______ or _________ are more likely to be able to disperse to an island than others

1.vestigal structures 2.imperfect adaptions

supporters of intelligent design cannot explain the presence of

melanic

the black jet form of the peppered moth is also known as the ____ form

well documented by the fossil records

the evolution of members of the horse family is

one four three

the feet of modern horses have _______ toes in contrast early horses had ________ toes on their front feet and _______ toes on their hind feet

1.parents with large beaks tend to have offspring with large beaks 2.beak depth seems to be genetically inherited trait 3.parents with small beaks tend to have offspring with small beaks

the following graph plots the relationship between beak depth of medium ground finches and their offspring. What can you conclude from the graph

skull

the fossil records indicate that the ______ of horses has evolved, growing stronger in order to withstand stress imposed by continued chewing

1.corn 2.dogs 3.cats 4.pigeons

varieties of which of the following organisms are the result of artificial selection

1.tiktaalik, a species that is transitional between fish and amphibians 2.a four legged aquatic mammal that links marine mammals to their terrestrial ancestors 3.a fossil snake with legs that link modern snakes to the lizards from which they descended

what are some fossils findings in recent years that have bridged major gaps in our understanding of vertebrate evolution

1.appearance of hooves 2.increase in size of molars 3.increase in body size

which of the following are predominate adaptive changes that occurred between the first members of the horse family and its modern representatives

1.many fossil occur in rocks that are inaccessible 2.fossils can be destroyed before they are collected 3.organisms decay or are scavenged before forming fossils

which of the following are reasons why the fossil record is incomplete

1.greatest similarity is present 2.different characteristics are lost or formed 3.final form is attained

developmental patterns seen in a group of organisms often reveal evolutionary relationships. Place the developmental description in the order that they would occur in a group of related organisms

1.pigs 2.corn 3.cattle

economically important organisms that have been modified significantly through artificial selection include

1.organism becomes buried in sediments 2.hard tissues (such as bones) mineralise 3.surrounding sediments harden into rock

place the series of events that must occur to produce a rock fossil

very rare

prior to 1850, the melanic form of the peppered moth in Europe was ______

natural

the significant changes illustrated by artificial selection provide strong support for the power of ________ selection

1.light moths in some areas increased in frequency long before lichens re-appeared 2.in some areas, evidence suggests that moths rest on leaves in the treetops, not trunks 3.in some areas, lichens never changed even though dark moths become predominant

which of the following are recent observations that have challenged Tutts hypothesis about peppered moths

1.toxic effects of pollution on light coloured moths 2.surfaces in polluted areas get darker due to soot deposition 3.lichens decline due to pollution

which of the following have been suggested as hypothesis that may explain industrial melanism

the human coccyx

which of the following is not an example of an imperfect adaption

because natural selection can only work on the variation present in a population

why is it that some organisms do not appear to be perfectly adapted to their environments