bio final 5
. The failure of chromosomes to segregate properly during meiosis is called: A) nondisjunction. B) translocation. C) replication. D) inversion. E) independent assortment.
a
The function of mitochondria is A) cellular respiration. B) intracellular transport of proteins. C) lipid synthesis. D) photosynthesis. E) intracellular digestion.
a
. Round pea shape is dominant over wrinkled pea shape. If a round pea has a wrinkled parent, the round pea is: a) RR. b) Rr. c) rr. d) haploid. recessive
b
. The physical manifestation of an organism's genes is its: environment. a) genotype. b) phenotype. c) genetic code. d) number of chromosomes.
b
All of the following statements about genotypes and phenotypes are true EXCEPT: A) individuals with the same phenotype might have different genotypes. B) matings between individuals with dominant phenotypes cannot produce offspring with recessive phenotypes. C) matings between individuals with recessive phenotypes usually do not produce offspring with dominant phenotypes. D) individuals with the same genotype might have different phenotypes.
b
When Mendel used true-breeding white flowers and true-breeding purple flowers as the parental generation, what were the results? (Purple flower is dominant over white.) a) A) All the offspring had white flowers. b) B) All the offspring had purple flowers. c) C) 3/4 of the flowers produced were purple and 1/4 were white. d) D) 3/4 of the flowers produced were white and 1/4 were purple. e) E) 1/2 of the flowers produced were white and 1/2 were purple.
b
When the two gametes that fuse to form a zygote contain different alleles of a given gene, the offspring is: a) haploid. b) heterozygous. c) abnormal. d) homozygous. a new species
b
. When genes are linked, a few of the recombinant genotypes still occur in the offspring because of: A) mutation. B) linkage. C) crossing over. D) natural selection. E) independent assortment.
c
1. For a cell to respond to a particular hormone, it must __________. a. modify its plasma membrane to alter the hormone entering the cytoplasm b. experience an imbalance that disrupts its normal function c. have receptors that recognize and bind the hormone molecule be from the same cell type as the organ that produced
c
A human sperm cell possesses autosomes and: A) exactly the same genetic information as a body cell. B) an X chromosome always. C) either an X or a Y chromosome. D) a Y chromosome always. E) both an X and a Y chromosome
c
A recessive allele on the X chromosome causes color blindness. A color-blind woman (whose father is color blind) marries a noncolor-blind man. What is the chance that their son will be color blind? A) 0% B) 25% C) 50% D) 75% E) 100%
c
Albinism results from a recessive allele. Which of the following describes the expected offspring from a normally pigmented male with an albino father and an albino wife? A) 75% normal; 25% albino B) 75% albino; 25% normal C) 50% normal; 50% albino D) all normal E) all albino
c
All of the following combinations are possible in the gametes of an organism that is AaBb EXCEPT: A) AB. B) aB. C) aa. D) ab. E) Ab.
c
What is the ratio of PHENOTYPES in the offspring produced by the cross Aa × Aa? Assume complete dominance for the trait. A) 100% dominance B) 100% recessive C) 75% dominant:25% recessive D) 50% dominant:50% recessive E) 25% dominant:75% recessive
c
Which of the following best explains why dominant alleles that cause lethal disorders are less common than recessive alleles that cause lethal disorders? A) Lethal disorders caused by dominant alleles are usually more severe than lethal disorders caused by recessive alleles. B) Unlike lethal disorders caused by recessive alleles, lethal disorders caused by dominant alleles usually cause death of the embryo. C) Most individuals carrying a lethal dominant allele have the disorder and die before they reproduce, whereas individuals carrying a lethal recessive allele are more likely to be healthy and reproduce. D) The presence of a lethal dominant allele causes sterility. E) Many lethal recessive alleles cause enhanced disease resistance when they are present in the heterozygous state, and carriers of these alleles have more children, on average, than other people.
c
Which of the following conditions would lead to an inviable human zygote? A) XXX B) XYY C) Y D) XY E) X
c
. Which one of the following is false? A) The genetic makeup of an organism constitutes its genotype. B) An organism with two different alleles for a single trait is said to be heterozygous. C) Alleles are alternate forms of a gene. D) An allele that is fully expressed is referred to as recessive. E) The expressed physical traits of an organism are called its phenotype.
d
Genes located close together on the same chromosomes are referred to as __________ genes and generally __________. A) associated . . . sort independently during meiosis B) linked . . . sort independently during meiosis C) homologous . . . are inherited together D) linked . . . do not sort independently during meiosis E) codependent . . . do not sort independently during meiosis
d
Individual features of all organisms are the result of A) genetics. B) the environment. C) the environment and individual needs. D) genetics and the environment.
d
The results of a test cross reveal that all the offspring resemble the parent being tested. This parent must be: A) heterozygous. B) recessive. C) self-pollinated. D) homozygous. E) haploid.
d
The two main functions of the endoplasmic reticulum are the production of A) mitochondria and proteins that are to be secreted by the cell. B) hydrogen peroxide and steroid hormones secreted by the cell. C) ribosomes and steroid hormones. D) membrane and proteins to be secreted by the cell. E) chromatin and mitochondria.
d
Which of the following terms refers to the situation where a single phenotypic characteristic is determined by the additive effects of two or more genes? A) incomplete dominance B) codominance C) pleiotropy D) polygenic inheritance E) blending inheritance
d
) All cells on Earth A) are enclosed in a membrane that maintains internal conditions different from the surroundings. B) have DNA as the genetic material. C) can interconvert forms of energy. D) can interconvert chemical materials. E) All of the choices are correct.
e
Alleles of a gene are found at __________ chromosomes. A) the same locus on homologous mitochondrial B) the same locus on heterologous C) different loci on homologous D) different loci on heterologous E) the same locus on homologous
e
What is a testcross? A) a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual homozygous recessive for the trait of interest B) a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual heterozygous for the trait of interest C) a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual homozygous dominant for the trait of interest D) a mating between two individuals heterozygous for the trait of interest E) None of the choices are correct.
e
Only males can express sex-linked traits. a. True b. False
false
. A phenotypic trait, like yellow pea color, cannot be the dominant trait, if the opposite trait, green pea color, is observed more in nature. a. True b. False
true
