BIO II Exam 4
What element is found in all organic compounds?
CARBON
Where do plants get the carbon they use to make organic molecules?
CARBON DIOXIDE
Carbon moves from living organisms to an abiotic reservoir during the process of
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
The "geo" in biogeochemical refers to _____ - --specifically, to the abiotic reservoirs where a chemical element can be found.
EARTH
_____ may be stored in aquatic or terrestrial reservoirs.
ELEMENTS
Which process is not required for an animal to obtain energy from food?
Excretion
Which of these provides your body with energy?
FATS
Free fatty acid absorption occurs in the small intestine.
Fat digestion is not complete until pancreatic lipases finalize fat digestion in the small intestine.
How do hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-) get into the lumen of the stomach?
H+ is actively transported from parietal cells into the lumen, while Cl- diffuses from parietal cells into the lumen.
What is the function of a circulatory system?
It brings a transport liquid into close contact with all cells in the body.
What is one function of mucus in the lumen of the stomach?
It protects the epithelium from being digested by gastric juice.
What is the function of the left ventricle?
It pumps oxygenated blood around the body via the systemic circulation.
Plants use _____ as a source of energy.
LIGHT
Where do plants get the energy to make organic molecules?
LIGHT
As a chemical element moves through a biogeochemical cycle, it moves between "bio" and "geo." The "bio" in biogeochemical refers to biotic reservoirs, or
LIVING ORGANISMS
Which of these is NOT an organic molecule?
MINERALS
ALIMENTARY CANAL
MOUTH ESOPHAGUS STOMACH
Carbon moves from an abiotic reservoir to living organisms during the process of
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the lumen of the stomach?
Pepsin digests molecules of pepsinogen, producing more pepsin.
Which of the following would best test the hypothesis that moths stop flying in response to high-intensity bat sounds?
Play recorded high-intensity bat sounds to wild flying moths and record what happens.
In a biogeochemical cycle, a chemical element spends time in different places, called
RESERVOIRS
_____ may hold organic or inorganic materials.
RESERVOIRS
In testing a hypothesis that "territorial defense in European robins is a fixed action pattern that is released by the sight of orange feathers," researchers found that robins defended their territory by attacking a ball that was about the size of a European robin that had an orange patch. Which of the following would be the best test of the hypothesis that the color was the cue that triggered the defense response?
Repeat the experiment using a blue patch instead of an orange patch.
Which structure is not part of the alimentary canal?
Salivary glands.
In the terrestrial carbon cycle, the abiotic reservoir from which living organisms directly obtain their carbon is
THE ATMOSPHERE
Which event occurs first during atrial and ventricular diastole?
The atria and ventricles are relaxed, and blood flows into the atria.
Proteins that are consumed in the diet are absorbed as individual amino acids following digestion.
The building blocks of proteins are amino acids.
Why do the circulatory systems of land vertebrates have separate circuits to the lungs and to the rest of the body?
The large decrease in blood pressure as blood moves through the lungs may prevent efficient circulation through the rest of the body.
A researcher added a mixture of animal proteins to a physiological buffer solution (pH 7.4) in a test tube incubated at 37°C. The researcher then added purified pepsin to the mixture, but even after several hours, the proteins were not digested. Which of the following would explain this result?
The pH was too high.
Which event of the cardiac cycle occurs when systolic blood pressure is measured?
The ventricles contract, carrying blood into the aorta, and blood flows into the relaxed atria.
Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?
They are expressed in most individuals in a population.
The epithelium that lines the stomach has many deep infoldings, or pits. In what way do these pits function as glands?
They secrete gastric juice into the main chamber of the stomach.
Which of the following statements about blood circulation in the body is true?
Valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria and ventricles.
What does the bobbing of a lizard's dewlap (a colorful flap of skin hanging from the lizard's throat) most likely represent?
a signal
Every morning, a graduate student turns on the light in the laboratory and then feeds the fish in the aquarium. After a couple of weeks of this routine, the graduate student notices that the fish come to the surface to feed as soon as the lights are turned on. The behavior of the fish is a result of __________.
classical conditioning
Detritus
dead animal rotting log
Primary Consumer or Decomposer
fungus maggots crickets
The gastrovascular cavity differs from the alimentary canal in that only the gastrovascular cavity _____.
has only a single opening
A learning process that can occur only during a limited period of the individual's development is called __________.
imprinting
From the capillaries of the abdominal organs and hind limbs, blood flows to the _____.
inferior vena cava
Choose the list that presents the four stages of food processing in the order in which they naturally occur.
ingestion → digestion → absorption → elimination
From the pulmonary veins, blood flows to the _____.
left atrium
Primary Producer
living maple leaves
Secondary Consumer
millipede earthworm
Through trial and error, a rat learns to run a maze without mistakes to receive a food reward. Which of the following mechanisms results in the rat's behavior?
operant conditioning
Choose the correct anatomical sequence that presents the order in which food in the digestive system passes through.
pharynx → esophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine
Blood returns to the heart via the _____.
pulmonary veins
From the superior vena cava, blood flows to the _____.
right atrium
Both Secondary and Tertiary Consumer
robin alligator lizard
A stickleback fish will attack a fish model as long as the model has red coloring. Which of the following is illustrated by this observation?
sign stimulus
Animal communication involves what type of sensory input?
visual tactile olfactory auditory
