Bio II - Quiz 1

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how old are the first eukaryotes and when did oxygen become present in our atmosphere

1.5 billion years ago

how old are the first cells and prokaryotes

2.5 billion years old

how old are the oldest rocks

4 billion years old

scientific names are ___

Quercus rubra, Quercus phellos, Rose canina

these characters are traits that are present in a group of organisms that arose from a common ___ that lacked the character

ancestor

multicellular heterotrophs with internal digestion are

animalia

which eukaryotic kingdom does earthworms, sea stars and finch belong to

animalia

halophiles and thermophiles are

archaea

unique prokaryotes, many are extremophiles are in which kingdom

archaea

based upon DNA evidence, the domain ___ appears to have been the first to arise in the history of life

bacteria

cyanobacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are

bacteria

the most abundant prokaryotes on earth are

bacteria

in the classification of organism, every species is assigned a ___, or two-part name

binomial

common names are ___

brown bear, willow oak, corn & black-headed grosbeak

the first word is the genus to which the organism belongs and is always italics and ___, the second word refers to the particular species and is always italics and all ___

capitalized; lowercase

___ is a way to trace evolutionary history.

cladistics

the distribution of these characters is then examined, and a branching diagram called a ___ can be constructed

cladogram

this history is traced by following the presence of ___ characteristics

derived

correct hierarchy of taxa from general to specific ___

domain, kingdom, phyla, class, order, family, genera, species

plants, fungi, animals and protists are in which kingdom

eukarya

multicellular and unicellular heterotrophs with external digestion are

fungi

which eukaryotic kingdom does mushrooms and yeast belong to

fungi

the first word refers to the ___

genus

for example, the scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens. the word homo designates the ___, and the word sapiens is the ___ name

genus; species

multicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes are

plantae

which eukaryotic kingdom does moss, pine tree, nonwoody flowering plant belong to

plantae

bacteria are the most abundant ___ on earth

prokaryotes

the domain Archaea contains ___ and is more closely related to eukarya than to ___

prokaryotes; bacteria

unicellular eukaryotes together with the algae are

protista

which eukaryotic kingdom does paramecium, slime mold, euglena, dinoflagellate belong to

protista

a cladogram depicts the ___ evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms based on the available data.

relative

halophilic archaea live in very ___ places, and other groups of archaea are ___

salty; pH-tolerant

Scientists refer to organisms using a binomial called the ___ name.

scientific

the second word refers to the ___

species

a group of organisms at a particular taxonomic level is called a ___

taxon

Linnaeus devised a hierarchial system of ___, the naming and identifying of organisms

taxonomy

some members of the domain archaea are thermophilic, meaning that they can live in water that is too ___ for most other organisms

hot

the two-part name of an organism is called its scientific name and is usually written in ___

italics

scientific names are in a common language, ___, and biologists use them universally to avoid confusion

latin

members of the domain bacteria can fix ___ and play key roles int eh cycling of carbon and sulfur

nitrogen

most bacteria have cell walls containing ___

peptidoglycan


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