Bio Lab Practical

During the enzyme lab, we used catechol. This substance can be better described as: - substrate - enzyme - inhibitor - product

- substrate

All of the following questions can be answered scientifically, EXCEPT: - Can the environment in which a person is raised cause them to behave immorally? - Can prolonged exposure to sunlight cause skin cancer? - Is organic food healthier than conventional food? - Do boys in coed classes develop better verbal skills than boys in all-male classes?

Can the environment in which a person is raised cause them to behave immorally?

What three independent variables will we be manipulating in order to explore their effects on photosynthesis? - Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and light - Carbon dioxide, light intensity and light wavelength - Light wavelength, light intensity, and oxygen - None of the above

Carbon dioxide, light intensity and light wavelength

How will we be measuring oxygen production in the spinach lead disks? - Respirometer - Spectrophotometer - Color change - Counting the number of disks that are floating

Counting the number of disks that are floating

What is the appropriate term given to red blood cells placed into a hypertonic solution? - Biconcave - Lysis - Crenate - Plasmolysis

Crenate

Which of the following plant hormones causes leaf abscission? - Ethylene - Lanolin - Gibberelic acid - Auxin

Ethylene

Controlled experiments are the only way to test a hypothesis. True or False

False

Hormones, whether in plants or animals, always travel to their targets via circulating fluids. True or False:

False

Molecules will diffuse across a selectively permeable membrane until they reach equilibrium at which point they stop moving. True or False

False

True or False: There is no test for lactose tolerance.

False

True or False? In between each drug, the Daphnia will be allowed a 2 minute recovery period in distilled water. - True - False - no recovery period is necessary - False - the recovery period is 5 minutes long - False - they should be placed in Ringers solution

False - they should be placed in Ringers solution

Which of the following is true in regard to the control group for an experiment: - It is when the dependent variable is held at 0 or an established level - It is when the independent variable is held at 0 or an established level - It is an independent variable that is kept constant, as to not affect the results of the experiment

It is when the independent variable is held at 0 or an established level

Who is credited with discovering the structure of DNA? - James Watson and Francis Crick - Rosalind Franklin - Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin - Oswald Avery

James Watson and Francis Crick

In the E. coli transformation experiment, which plate will serve as the negative control? - LB/amp + plasmid - LB/amp - plasmid - LB + plasmid - LB - plasmid

LB/amp - plasmid

Zinc is a metal ion that is required for the function of multiple enzymes. Therefore, zinc would be considered a/an __________________. - Enzyme - Coenzyme - Cofactor - Inhibitor

cofactor

2pq

frequency of heterozygous genotype

p^2

frequency of homozygous dominant

q^2

frequency of homozygous recessive

p

frequency of the dominant allele in a population

q

frequency of the recessive allele in a population

For the Working with DNA: Transformation of E. coli Lab, what was added to the -plasmid tube? - Plasmid - Genetically reversed plasmids - Nothing

nothing

Penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of peptidoglycan, an important part of the cell wall of bacteria. This causes the cell wall to break down, and the bacteria to burst. Using your knowledge from laboratory, which of the following do you think is TRUE: - Penicillin is an enzyme - Penicillin is an enzyme inhibitor - Peptidoglycan is an enzyme - Peptidoglycan is the reactant - None of the above are true

Penicillin is an enzyme inhibitor

Evolution occurs in: - Individuals - Populations - None of the above

Populations

___________ cells lack membrane-bound organelles. - Eukaryotic - Multicellular - Prokaryotic - Unicellular

Prokaryotic

Which of the following best represents how cells progress through the M phase of the cell cycle? - Prophase; Prometaphase; Metaphase; Anaphase; Telophase; Cytokinesis - Prometaphase; Metaphase; Prophase; Anaphase; Telophase; Cytokinesis - Metaphase; Anaphase; Telophase; Cytokinesis; Prophase; Prometaphase - Anaphase; Telophase; Cytokinesis; Prophase; Prometaphase; Metaphase

Prophase; Prometaphase; Metaphase; Anaphase; Telophase; Cytokinesis

DNA contains of all of the following except: - Sugar - Phosphate - Nitrogenous bases - Protein

Protein

In Exercise 3, Experiment A, (starting on page 92) we would have observed the influence of enzyme concentration on the rate of starch digestion. What was the dependent variable in this experiment? When constructing a graph, what is the appropriate axis for the dependent variable? - Reaction time, y-axis - Concentration of amylase, x-axis - Concentration of amylase, y-axis - Reaction time, y-axis

Reaction time, y-axis

Referring to the handouts provided, what does sickle cell anemia affect? - Evolution - Red blood cell shape - Bacteria - Transcription and Translation

Red Blood Cell Shape

What three wavelengths of light will we be filtering to test for the effects on photosynthesis rates? - Red, green, yellow - Green, blue, purple - White, green, red - Red, green, blue

Red, green, blue

Assume that while conducting the Daphnia experiment you mistakenly overdose the organism with a given drug. As a result the Daphnia dies. What is the best practice when you start collecting data with a new Daphnia? - Start the experiment where you left off - Repeat the baseline heartrate measurement with the new Daphnia - Use the deceased Daphnia's baseline heartbeat measurement - Average the baseline heartbeat of the deceased and new Daphnia

Repeat the baseline heartrate measurement with the new Daphnia

During which phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes replicated? - G1 - Prophase - Anaphase II - S phase

S phase

Which of the following is true regarding sampling with replacement? - Sampling with replacement is when removing the sample from the population, it will be set aside before the next sample is chosen - Sampling with replacement is when the selected sample is placed back into the population before the next sample is chosen - Sampling with replacement changes the frequency of alleles in the population

Sampling with replacement is when the selected sample is placed back into the population before the next sample is chosen

In order for allelic frequencies to remain unchanged within a population, all of the following conditions must be met EXCEPT: - Small population - Random mating - No mutation - No migration

Small population

What is the function of an enzyme? - Inhibit a chemical reaction - Slow down a chemical reaction - Speed up a chemical reaction - None of the above

Speed up a chemical reaction

In lab, we used potassium iodide to detect the presence of what? - Sugar - Starch - Protein - Nucleic Acid

Starch

Identify the dependent variable in the following study: An investigator wants to determine the efficacy of a new supplement designed to increase student performance on tests. Half of the class will receive sugar dissolved in water as a control and the other half will receive the supplement dissolved in water prior to taking tests. - Student performance on tests - Sugar - Supplement - Water

Student performance on tests

The products of photosynthesis are: - Sugar and oxygen - ATP - H20 and sugar - Carbon dioxide, water and ATP

Sugar and oxygen

Which of the following is NOT a drug we will be using with the Daphnia in this coming week's lab? - Epinephrine - THC - Caffeine - Alcohol - Nicotene

THC

TRUE/FALSE: Sickle cell disease is more prevalent in the African American population than in Caucasians.

True

True or False? In both DNA replication and transcription of mRNA, the newly formed nucleotide strand is always synthesized in the 5 prime to 3 prime direction.

True

True or False? When placing the apples and holly twigs underneath the 1L beakers, it is important that the beaker lips are covered with sand so that no gas can enter or escape the beakers.

True

True or false: If the results of the experiment match the prediction, then the hypothesis is supported.

True

True or false: If the somatic cells (referred to in the previous question) are isolated from the colony, they can become reproductive.

True

True or false: In colonial algae, somatic cells are cells that are not reproductive

True

Which of the following steps in the procedure was specifically performed to promote the uptake of the plasmid by the E. coli? - Using plates with Luria Broth - Vigorously shaking the tubes - Placing the tubes on ice - Using a solution containing Calcium Chloride

Using a solution containing Calcium Chloride

Referring to the handouts provided, the Pocket Mice studied in the video that we will watch are found where? - Valley of Fire - Valley of Death - Valley of Ice - Valley of Life

Valley of Fire

Identify a controlled variable in the same study: An investigator wants to determine the efficacy of a new supplement designed to increase student performance on tests. Half of the class will receive sugar dissolved in water as a control and the other half will receive the supplement dissolved in water prior to taking tests. - Supplement - Student performance on tests - Water - Sugar - None of the above

Water

Refer to Figure 4 in Chapter 1 (on pg 20) of your lab manual to answer this question. What statement below best describes the relationship between the wolf and moose population shown in the line graph? - When the wolf population is high, the moose population is high - When the wolf population is low, the moose population is low - When the wolf population is high, the moose population is low - It would appear that wolves and moose live in perfect harmony

When the wolf population is high, the moose population is low

Which order illustrates the evolutionary trend of organisms from less to more complex? - single celled -> aggregate -> simple colonial -> complex colonial -> multicellular - single celled -> simple colonial -> aggregate -> complex colonial -> multicellular - single celled -> aggregate -> simple colonial -> multicellular -> complex colonial - aggregate -> single celled -> simple colonial -> complex colonial -> multicellular

single celled -> aggregate -> simple colonial -> complex colonial -> multicellular

In the upcoming laboratory session, you will test Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by simulating a population using colored beads. The bag of beads will represent the gene pool for the population. Each bead should be regarded as a ________, the two colors representing different _________. - single gamete, alleles - member of the population, alleles - member of the population, genes - single gamete, origins of DNA

single gamete, alleles

With respect to microscope lenses, parfocal means _______. - that little focusing is required when moving from one lens to another - that the lenses should be cleaned with lens paper to prevent a blurred or foggy image - that the microscopes have a minimum of two magnifying lenses - that you can focus the light from the lamp using the condenser

that little focusing is required when moving from one lens to another.

What chemical was left out of solution for the 'No CO2' treatment? - NaHCO3 - Oxygen - NaCO2 - CaCO3

NaHCO3

What did we expect to see on the plate with LB and ampicillin when we plated the non-transformed bacteria on it? - Growth and green fluorescence - No Growth - Growth, but no green fluorescence - Just fluorescence but no growth

No Growth

What type of enzyme inhibitor does not directly compete for binding the active site of the enzyme? - Competitive inhibitor - Noncompetitive inhibitor - Passive inhibitor - Complex inhibitor

Noncompetitive inhibitor

Assume you are testing an unknown solution to determine its contents. You add a few drops of Benedict's reagent and heat the solution to determine the presence of reducing sugars. What color should you see if reducing sugars are present? - Orange - Blue - Black - Purple

Orange

Why would it be wise to observe the Daphnia under lower light intensity? - Overheating the Daphnia could stress and injure them. - Strong lights intimidate them and make them go into hibernation. - High light intensity will artificially reduce their heart rate. - The Daphnia are photosynthetic, so increased light will increase energy production.

Overheating the Daphnia could stress and injure them.

What product of photosynthesis will we be using to measure photosynthesis rates in the spinach leaf disks? - Oxygen - CO2 - Water - Glucose

Oxygen

Which of the following was not an independent variable we looked at when measuring photosynthesis? - Oxygen - Light intensity - Carbon dioxide - Light wavelength

Oxygen

All of the following are TRUE in regard to Exercise 2 (starting on page 89) EXCEPT: - Catechol oxidase is present in the potato extract - If the reaction occurs, the product is benzoquinone - Tube #3 was the positive control - PTU was added to the test tubes last to ensure a proper reaction

PTU was added to the test tubes last to ensure a proper reaction

Using the equation p+q=1, if the frequency of allele p=0.8, the frequency of the allele q=? - 0.1 - 0.2 - 0.3 - 0.4

0.2

Referring to the handouts provided, how many species of finches exist on the Galapagos Islands? - 3 - 13 - 23 - 33

13

Why did the LB/Amp (-) plasmid plate serve as a negative control? A) To ensure that the untransformed E. coli are ampicillin sensitive. B) To ensure that the ampicillin is effective. C) To ensure that the E. coli are alive following the heat shock procedure A & B B & C A & C

A & B

Rosalind Franklin's photo 51 was critical X-ray crystallography data for the discovery of the double helix. What did photo 51 show? - A single helix - An "X" - An "8" - A curved line

An "X"

One strand of DNA runs in a 5 prime to 3 prime direction, while the other strand runs 3 prime to 5 prime. The term used to describe this phenomenon is _____? - Recombination - Opposites attract - Backward running - Antiparallel

Antiparallel

Which of the following would be an acceptable hypothesis for the following research question: Does increasing enzyme concentration increase enzymatic activity? - As enzyme concentration increases, the rate of the reaction will also increase - As enzyme concentration changes so will enzyme activity - As enzyme concentration changes, the reaction rate will not - There is no relationship between temperature and enzymatic activity

As enzyme concentration increases, the rate of the reaction will also increase

Which of the following characteristics did Darwin note on finches' beaks, if their primary food source was seeds? - Beak was thicker, stronger - Beak was more pointy - Noted a special tongue - Noted hard teeth

Beak was thicker, stronger

Which test indicates the presence of a reducing sugar by changing from blue to green/orange/orange-red when heated. - Osmolarity test - Cooper-Nowitzki test - Iodine test - Benedict's Test

Benedict's Test

Assuming the experiment worked as expected, which of the following wavelengths of light showed the greatest oxygen production? - Red - Blue - Green - No difference

Blue

A volcanic eruption that kills a large portion of a population is an example of - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Natural selection

Bottleneck effect

Which of the following is NOT required for translation to occur? - Energy - mRNA - Large ribosomal subunit - Activated tRNA - Small ribosomal subunit - DNA

DNA

Which of the following is NOT true regarding DNA? - Strands are arranged in an anti-parallel manner - DNA contains equal numbers of adenine and thymine bases - DNA contains equal numbers of guanine and cytosine bases - DNA contains equal numbers of adenine and uracil bases - Contains a sugar-phosphate backbone

DNA contains equal numbers of adenine and uracil bases

Which of the following is NOT a difference between DNA and RNA? - DNA contains deoxyribose as its pentose sugar, while RNA contains ribose. - DNA is negatively charged and RNA is positively charged. - RNA contails Uracil instead of Thymine - DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded.

DNA is negatively charged and RNA is positively charged.

What is the model organism we used for the DNA transformation lab? - E. coli - E. bola - rotifera - yeast

E. coli

True or False? Transcription and translation take place within the nucleus. - True - the resulting protein is exported via transport channels in the nuclear envelope. - True - the ribosome docks on the interior side of the nuclear envelope and shuttles the protein directly across it into the cytoplasm. - False - translation occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. - False - transcription occurs in the cytoplasm.

False - translation occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Referring to the handouts provided, which of the following birds are NOT discussed in the video. - Cormorant - Finches - Frigate bird - Galapagos penguin

Galapagos penguin

All of the following are TRUE regarding the video about Pocket Mice, EXCEPT: - The MC1R gene is responsible for the color of the pocket mouse - The dark mice were selected over light mice by predators - Genetic mutations are always harmful to an organism - The "Valley of Fire" appears black due to remnants of volcanic eruptions

Genetic mutations are always harmful to an organism

We will be observing the effects of which plant hormones on Solanum lycopersicum? - Gibberellic acid - Prostaglandins - Ethylene - Cytokinins

Gibberellic acid

To begin Experiment 1B, which of the following will be placed INSIDE the dialysis tubing? - Glucose and starch solution - Glucose solution - I2KI solution - Water

Glucose and starch solution

What is the name of protein that the pGLO plasmid codes for? - Green bioluminescent protein - Green fluorescent protein - Green photo- luminescent protein - None of the above

Green fluorescent protein

Which test of cardiovascular fitness will we be using in lab to test the hypotheses that we generate? - Brisk walk outside - Harvard step test - Jogging in place

Harvard step test

The pGLO plasmid has been genetically engineered to include genes for all of the following traits EXCEPT: - A glowing appearance under UV light - An arabinose promoter to switch on the fluorescent protein - Heat resistance - Antibiotic resistance

Heat resistance

In geographic areas with a high incidence of malaria, which of the following sickle cell genotypes is selected for? - Homozygous dominant (normal hemoglobin) - Heterozygous (sickle cell trait) - Homozygous recessive (sickle cell disease)

Heterozygous (sickle cell trait)

Given the results of your experiment, under what conditions would spinach in your garden grow the best? - Low levels of CO2, low intensity of light - Low levels of CO2, high intensity of light - High levels of CO2, low intensity of light - High levels of CO2, high intensity of light

High levels of CO2, high intensity of light

Which of the following would be the best hypothesis for the following research question: Can human dander cause allergic reactions in cats? - Human dander may cause allergic reactions in cats. - Allergic reactions are common in cats. - It is impossible for human dander to cause allergic reactions. - Human dander causes allergic reactions in cats.

Human dander causes allergic reactions in cats.

Which of the following is the best prediction for the hypothesis: Being a biology major in college makes you more social. - If being a biology major in college makes you more social, then biology majors are considered popular - Being a biology major in college means you have more friends than non-biology majors - If being a biology major in college makes you more social, then biology majors will have more friends than non-biology majors - Biology majors have more friends than other students

If being a biology major in college makes you more social, then biology majors will have more friends than non-biology majors

Which of the following is TRUE regarding meiosis: - Crossing over occurs during prophase II - If the parent cell is 2n=16, when the homologous pairs form a synapsis during prophase I, there will be 8 tetrad complexes - Centromeres split during metaphase I - Following cytokinesis I, daughter cells will be diploid

If the parent cell is 2n=16, when the homologous pairs form a synapsis during prophase I, there will be 8 tetrad complexes

All of the following are true regarding mitosis, EXCEPT: - During interphase, the cell performs its specific functions - Metaphase ends when the centromere splits - Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles during anaphase - In plant cells, the cleavage furrow divides the cytoplasm during cytokinesis - Each daughter cell will have a pair of each homologous chromosome

In plant cells, the cleavage furrow divides the cytoplasm during cytokinesis

If we were to complete Exercise 3 (the potato osmolarity experiment), where on the Y-axis would we place zero? - At the top of the Y-axis. - In the middle of the Y-axis. - At the bottom of the Y-axis. - Zero is not applicable to this experiment and will not be appearing on the Y-axis.

In the middle of the Y-axis.

What advantage does the process of crossing over bring to reproduction? - Introduces genetic variation - Introduces new genes - Enhanced mitotic division - None of the above

Introduces genetic variation

In the light microscope, the _______________ controls the width of light passing through the specimen. - Iris diaphragm - Condenser lens - Objective lenses - Coarse adjustment knob

Iris diaphragm

What was the purpose of the 'lanolin' treatment in the experiment using the tomato plants? - Lanolin is a plant hormone that causes no changes in development. - Lanolin was a vehicle that was used to deliver auxin and gibberelin to the experimental plants, and had to be used on the control plants. - Lanolin was used to counteract the effects of auxin. - There was no need for the lanolin only treatment.

Lanolin was a vehicle that was used to deliver auxin and gibberelin to the experimental plants, and had to be used on the control plants.

__________________ is best described as one round of replication and two rounds of cell division. - Meiosis - Mitosis - Cytokinesis - Chiasmata

Meiosis

What would the amino acid sequence of the following mRNA be translated to? Hint: use the mRNA codon table in your handout. mRNA: 5'-GUUAAUGGCUGGUUUUUAA-3' - Val-Asn-Gly-Trp-Phe-Leu - Val-Asn-Gly-Trp-Phe-Stop - Met-Ala-Gly-Phe-Tyr - Met-Ala-Gly- Phe-Stop

Met-Ala-Gly-Phe-Stop

During which phase of the cell cycle do the sister chromatids align at the equator of the cell? - Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase

Metaphase

While cooking ramen noodles, you burn your finger on the stove. What process is involved to regenerate the skin cells on your fingertip? - Mitosis - Meiosis

Mitosis

The sheep "Dolly" was the first mammal cloned by transplanting a nucleus from a cell in an adult sheep into an egg of a donor sheep. Dolly appeared to grow normally for several years, but at age 6, she developed complications from several physical conditions normally only seen in older sheep. Although, there are many hypotheses about the reason Dolly suffered from traditionally old-age, one hypothesis seems to fit better than the others. Dolly's physical condition was likely due to issues associated with: - Cross-over frequency - Cell cycle defects - Telomere length - Meiosis defects

Telomere length

The cell in Figure 9a is in which phase? butt-crack looking close up of a cell that has not split yet - Cytokinesis - Prophase - Metaphase - Telophase

Telophase

What do you predict would happen if celery was placed in an isotonic solution? - The celery will become plasmolyzed - The celery will become turgid - The celery will become flaccid - The celery will rupture

The celery will become flaccid

The cells of an Elodea leaf become turgid when placed in a hypotonic solution. Why? - The cells have a higher solute concentration than their surroundings. Water is drawn into the cell and the protoplast presses on the cell wall. - The cells have a lower solute concentration than their surroundings. Water moves out of the cell and the protoplast shrinks away from the cell wall. - The cells are isotonic to their surroundings, with no net movement of water in or out. - The cells' stomata open and water is able to move freely between the cells and their surroundings

The cells have a higher solute concentration than their surroundings. Water is drawn into the cell and the protoplast presses on the cell wall.

If we had completed Exercise 3, Experiment C (starting on page 100), all of the following would have been true EXCEPT: - There was no enzymatic activity in the test tube on ice and the test tube in the 80°C water bath - There was enzymatic activity in the test tube at 22 °C - This experiment shows that each enzyme has an optimum temperature - The independent variable is temperature - The enzyme that was placed on ice was denatured

The enzyme that was placed on ice was denatured

What would you predict would happen if human red blood cells were placed in a hypertonic solution? - The red blood cells would shrivel - The red blood cells would lyse - The red blood cells would become plasmolyzed - Nothing would happen, the red bloods prefer a hypertonic environment

The red blood cells would shrivel

Which of the following is TRUE in regard to tables: - The units of measurement should be included in the heading - The title should be placed below the table - All of the values of the same kind should read across a row - When referring to a table in the text, it is okay to write, "See the results in Table 3".

The units of measurement should be included in the heading

In the E. coli transformation exercise, what did we hope to accomplish? - The uptake and propagation of the pGLO plasmid in the E. coli cytosol in order to confer ampicillin resistance - The changing of the E. coli chromosomal sequence to confer ampicillin resistance - The uptake and propagation of the pGLO plasmid in the E. coli chromosome in order to confer ampicillin resistance. - The removal of the pGLO plasmid from the E. coli cells.

The uptake and propagation of the pGLO plasmid in the E. coli cytosol in order to confer ampicillin resistance

Which of the following is TRUE about both phenylthiourea (PTU) and catechol? - They have a pleasant odor - They are poisons - They are both enzymes - They are both found in potatoes

They are poisons

All of the following are TRUE in regard to Stereoscopic microscopes EXCEPT - Objects can be seen in three dimensions - They cannot be used to view objects too thick to transmit light - They can be used to view larger objects than a standard compound light microscope - Specimens can be viewed without a cover slip

They cannot be used to view objects too thick to transmit light

Using Figure 5 on page 20 of your lab manual, ALL of the following are true EXCEPT: - This type of bar graph may also be referred to as a histogram - The independent variable is age (in years) - This graph proves the hypothesis that men and women aged 20-39 consume a greater than average amount of their calories from fast food. - The dependent variable is percentage of calories from fast food

This graph proves the hypothesis that men and women aged 20-39 consume a greater than average amount of their calories from fast food.

What was the significance of returning the Daphnia to Ringers solution between treatments? - To allow someone else to use that station - To allow the Daphnia to recover from the treatment - To prevent the Daphnia from dying - None of the above

To allow the Daphnia to recover from the treatment

What is the purpose of placing the spinach leaf disks into the vacuum flask? - To remove all chlorophyll from the leaves. - To remove all CO2 from the leaves. - To remove all O2 from the leaves. - To remove all stored glucose from the leaves.

To remove all O2 from the leaves.

What is the term for the procedure where foreign DNA is inserted into a bacterial cell. - Translation - Conjugation - Transformation - Transduction

Transformation

All the organisms we observed using the microscopes in lab this past week were eukaryotic. True or False:

True

In our experiment, we will measure heart rate before, 1 min, 2 min, and 3 min following the step test. True or False

True

In science, the term figure refers to: - Graphs - Diagrams - Drawings - Photographs - All of the above

all of the above

Which cellular features differentiate plants from animals? - Chloroplast - Cell wall - Large central vacuole - All of the above

all of the above

Which of the following describes a well-developed hypothesis? - Tentatively explains something observed - Can be tested using laboratory and/or field experiments - Can be falsified but can never be proven true - All of the above

all of the above

Pleodorina is an aquatic green alga that is common in ponds, lakes, and roadside ditches. This organism is made up of 32 to 128 cells that are embedded in a gel-like matrix. In mature colonies, two types of cells can be distinguished: small somatic cells and larger reproductive cells that divide to form new colonies. Somatic cells carry on photosynthesis, but may become reproductive if isolated from the colony. Please decide how Pleodorina should be classified. - colonial - aggregate - single celled - multicellular

colonial