bio test 1
How much would you need to make 1 liter of a 0.5% solution of glycerol?
10mL glycerol
To prepare 1mL of a 15mM glucose solution, how much glucose would you use?
2.7g glucose
Where does protein folding occur?
A and B
Which of the following correctly links genotype and phenotype
A and B
What cell process depends on movement of membrane components and isn't possible if membrane was nonfluid structure
All are correct
Hydrogen bonds are critical to life because they
All of the above
The conformation of a protein
All of the above
What characteristics distinguish prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
All of the above
What components below are selected for transport by vesicles originating in the Golgi complex?
All of the above
What property of a molecule will determine facilitation across the membrane or diffuse across the membrane
All of the above
Which of the following is a function of membranes?
All of these are correct
What is the effect on a yeast cell of the presence of a mutant gene involved in vesicle fusion
Cells amassed an excess number of unfused vesicles.
Which of the following characteristics is not a basic property of cells?
Cells carry out a variety of emotional reactions.
The electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane
Contains stored potential energy that can be harvested by the cell
Diffusion during which the substance to be transported binds selectively to a membrane-spanning protein that's called __
Facilitated diffusion
Which type of amino acids is most commonly found in Section B?
Hydrophobic
What happens to the clathrin coat once the vesicle has budded from the Golgi body?
It falls away
How can glucose be transported against gradient without direct ATP in epithelial cells
It uses a Glucose/Na+ symporter
What is thought to direct the movement of vesicles through the cytoplasm to their final destination?
Microtubules
A transport system that moves two different solutes into the cell by diffusion could be called an ___
Passive symport
Enzymes that move certain phospholipids between leaflets have also which of the following properties?
Play a role in establishing and maintaining membrane lipid asymmetry
What effect does the binding of the SRP to the growing polypeptide chain and the ribosome have on protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis ceases temporarily.
The interaction of two a and two subunits to form a functional hemoglobin molecule is an example of ________structure.
Quaternary
When the chimeric protein is synthesized, what pathway does it follow from synthesis until it leaves the cell?
RER, Golgi complex, plasma membrane, viral envelopes
If the lipid bilayer in section B represents the ER membrane, which part of the protein is found INSIDE the ER?
Section A is inside the ER lumen
Where are hydrophobic interactions most likely to occur?
The core of a water soluble protein
After adding one of them to the liposome mixture, budding of vesicles from the liposomes began. What does this mean?
The protein is involved in the initiation of vesicle formation
What kind(s) of modifications are made in proteins as they move through the Golgi complex?
The protein's carbohydrates are modified by a series of steps
Cell Theory, Schleiden and Schwann made an error about another central feature of cells. What was their error?
They both agreed that cells could arise from non-cellular materials
microscope that allows investigators to examine the detailed physical makeup of a transverse section of a cell is
Transmission electron microscope
What word describes a molecule that contains both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions?
amphipathic
What major feature distinguishes the theoretical first eukaryotic common ancestor (FECA) from prokaryotes?
closed internal compartments
What are the two sites within a cell at which protein synthesis is generally thought to occur?
cytosolic surface of RER and free ribosomes
is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
diffusion
The most stable atoms and thus those that are typically nonreactive are the atoms that have
full outer shells
Why are free ionic bonds of little importance and relatively unlikely to form in living organisms?
i
Which of the following is a tenet of the Cell Theory?
i, ii, and iii
In what way can a given solute get through a membrane?
i, ii, and iv
Where are v-SNAREs and t-SNARES found, respectively?
incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during budding
Where does transcription occur?
inside the nucleus
What kind of membrane protein penetrates into the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer?
integral protein
Placing phospholipids in water will spontaneously form a spherical structure called a:
liposome
The low-molecular-weight building blocks of polymers are called _______
monomers
A few sugars joined together are called a(n)
oligosaccharide
What kind of bond results from an unequal sharing of electrons?
polar covalent bond
What appears to be an early step in the process of vesicle fusion to its target compartment?
tethering of vesicles to the target compartment by extended, fibrous proteins
With what structure is the RER often seen to be continuous, as seen by its association with ribosomes?
the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope
Under which circumstances would electrons be most likely to be shared equally?
when atoms of the same element are sharing them
What type of protein secondary structure is characterized as being highly extensible because of its coiled structure?
α-helix
